Bài tập Tiếng Anh Lớp 11 - Unit 4: Volunteer work

Nội dung text: Bài tập Tiếng Anh Lớp 11 - Unit 4: Volunteer work

1. UNIT 4: VOLUNTEER WORK E. LANGUAGE FOCUS I. GERUND AND PRESENT PARTICIPLE A / GERUND: V-ING được dùng như danh từ, có những chức năng sau: 1. Chủ ngữ Ex: Swimming is difficult. 2. Bổ ngữ Ex: My hobby is collecting stamps 3. Túc từ ( sau 1 số động từ - unit 3) Ex: I enjoy cooking. 4. Sau giới từ Ex: He is fond of playing football. B/ PRESENT PARTICIPLE: V-ING vẫn mang chức năng của động từ, được dùng như sau: 1. Trong các thì tiếp diễn (hiện tại tiếp diễn, QK tiếp diễn, ) Ex: I am reading a book. 2. Dùng như tính từ để miêu tả danh từ Ex: the singing boy (adj) 3. Thay thế cho mệnh đề quan hệ Ex: The man who is standing in the yard is my brother. The man standing in the yard is my brother. 4. Giản lược mệnh đề khi có cùng chủ ngữ Ex: Since he left school, he's worked in a restaurant. Leaving school, he's worked in a restaurant. 5. Cấu trúc: spend/ waste + time / money + V-ing Ex; He spent all the money buying books. 6. Các động từ tri giác ( see, hear, feel, notice, watch ) + O + V-ing (nhấn mạnh sự tiếp diễn của hành động) Ex: We heard someone talking in the room. 7. catch, find, keep, leave + O + V-ing Ex: The detective caught him stealing the watch. II. PERFECT GERUND AND PERFECT PARTICIPLE (danh động từ hoàn thành và phân từ hoàn thành): ( HAVING + V3/ed ) a/ Perfect gerund: Having + past participle: dùng thay thế cho gerund khi sự việc liên quan đến quá khứ. The boy was accused of having stolen/ stealing her money. She apologized for having broken / breaking my vase. ex: He was accused of having deserted his ship(= He was accused of deserting his ship) . Ông ta bị cáo buộc là rời bỏ tàu * Sau deny : ex: He denied having been there." n# N% f2 d& X. v- ?: R) E * (Anh ta phủ nhận là đã có mặt ở đấy.) b/ Perfect participle: Having + past participle : phân từ hoàn thành Having finished all my exercises, I went to bed. - Phân từ hoàn thành có thể được dùng để thay cho hiện tại phân từ trong câu có hai hành động xảy ra liên tiếp nhau của cùng 1 chủ từ. Ex: Having tied/ Tying one end of the rope to his bed, he threw the other end out of the window.1 x, U# Q- \# }* o: ~( f. m Tuy nhiên nhất thiết phải dùng phân từ hoàn thành (having + V3/ed) khi: - Có một khoàng thời gian giữa hai hành động Ex: Having failed twice, he didn't want to try again. - Hành động đầu tiên kéo dài trong một khoảng thời gian. K- ~! q( }- t5 r, j, m Ex: Having been his own boss for such a long time, he found it hard to accept orders from another. - Việc dùng hiện tại phân từ có thể gây nhầm lẫn Ex: Reading the instructions, he snatched up the fire extinguisher => có thể làm cho người đọc hiểu rằng hai hành động này xảy ra đồng thời. Trong trường hợp này, chúng ta nên dùng phân từ hoàn thành.) h* u8 \) ]3 ~. E' ^. g" r Having read the instructions, he snatched up the fire extinguisher. * Cả hai dạng đều dùng để diễn tả hành động xảy ra trước hành động khác trong quá khứ. 1
2. EXERCISES I. Hoµn thµnh c¸c c©u sau ®©y víi d¹ng ®óng cña ®éng tõ vµ cho biÕt chóng lµ Gerund hay Present Participle. 1. ( Feel) hungry, he went into the kitchen and opened the fridge. 2. My boss spends two hours a day ( travel) to work 3. ( Swim) . is my favourite sport. 4. One of life’s pleasure is ( have) .breakfast in bed. 5. ( Whistle) . to himself, he walked down the road. 6. In spite of ( miss) the train , we arrived on time. 7. They found the money .(lye) on the ground. 8. He was trapped in a (burn) house. 9. I’m tired of ( work) eight hours a day. 10. She always puts off (go) to the dentist. II. Hoµn thµnh c¸c c©u sau ®©y víi d¹ng ®óng cña ®éng tõ lµ Gerund ,Present Participle, perfect participle. 1. She admitted ( kill) her husband. 2. I regret ( write) her that letter. 3. I enjoy ( play) tennis with my friends. 4. Martin denied (see) the accused man on the day of the crime. 5. ( Tell) me that she would never speak to me again , she picked up her stuff and stormed out of the house. 6. – Will you enter for the next eloquence contest? - (Win) twice , I don’t want to try again. Let’s give chances to other. III. ViÕt l¹i nh÷ng c©u sau b»ng c¸ch thay thÕ phÇn in nghiªng víi Perfect Participle mµ nghÜa ko ®æi. 1. We switched off the lights before we went to bed. -> Having switched off the lights, we went to bed. 2. The boy asked his mother’s permission and then went out to play. -> 3. As he had drunk too much, he didn’t drive home himself. -> 4. We have done two tests today, so we are exhausted. -> 5. She filled the washing machine and switched it on. -> 6. She had been to disco the night before and she overslept in the morning. -> 7. We had worked in the garden all day and were sunburned in the evening. -> 8. She had not slept for two days and therefore she wasn’t able to concentrate. -> 9. Since I had not seen him for ages, I didn’t recognize him. -> 10. I had not ridden a horse for a long time and I found it very difficult to keep in the saddle. -> 11. Zoe had practiced a lot, so she was sure of her winning in the competition. -> IV. ViÕt l¹i c¸c c©u sau mµ nghÜa kh«ng ®æi. 1. Nam won a scholarship. We are excited about that fact. -> The rain prevented -> We’re 4. David did his homework and the went to bed. 2. Entering the room, I was surprised at what I saw. -> After having -> When 5. It is easy for anyone to learn how to cook. 3. The volunteers couldn’t mow the old lady’s lawns -> Learning because of the rain. VII. ViÕt l¹i c¸c c©u sau dïng After and Before. 1. I told him off. Then I realized I was wrong. 3. First I considered what to study. Then I decided to major -> After in Maths. -> After . 2. I worked very hard for the exam. Then I passed it. 4. She wrote a letter. Then she went to bed. -> Before -> After 5. He bought a radio. First he checked the price. 2
3. -> After -> Before 6. They argued. Then they fought. 8. She decided to go away. First she faced the matter. -> After -> After . 7. She went out for a walk. Then she had a fatal accident. 9. We read the book, then we wrote the assignment. -> Before 10. She watched the film, then she wrote a report. -> After VIII. ViÕt l¹i c¸c c©u sau dïng Gerund Phrase ( côm danh ®éng tõ) 1. A good way of keeping fit is to swim everyday. -> Swimming everyday is a good way of keeping fit. 2. It takes a long time to learn a foreign language. -> 3. Grow your own food. It’s less expensive. -> 4. It is uncomfortable to sit in one place for so long. -> 5. You are not allowed to smoke here. -> 3