Cấu trúc đảo ngữ: Adv + Trợ động từ+ S + Verb

Nội dung text: Cấu trúc đảo ngữ: Adv + Trợ động từ+ S + Verb

1. Cấu trúc đảo ngữ: ADV+ TRỢ ĐỘNG TỪ+ S +Verb 1. Đảo ngữ với các trạng từ chỉ mức độ: RARELY, SELDOM, HARDLY, NEVER, AT NO TIME : Cấu trúc: (Rarely, hardly )+ Trợ động từ+S+V EX: Rarely does she go to school late 2. Đảo ngữ với NO SOONER THAN; HARDLY WHEN; SCARELY WHEN: (ngay sau khi thì) Cấu Trúc: No sooner/hardly+ HAD+ S+ V3.pp+ THAN/ WHEN+ S+V2(pastsimple) EX: As soon as i finished my homework,i watched TV (đảo ngữ)=> no sooner had i finished my homework than i watched TV 3. Đảo ngữ với IT WAS NOT UNTIL va IT WAS ONLY WHEN =>(đảo ngữ) NOT UNTIL/ ONLY WHEN + clause/ noun phrase+ TRỢ ĐỘNG TỪ+ S+ Vbare EX: not until the midnight did the noise next door stop 4. NOT ONLY BUT ALSO : không những mà còn CTRUC: NOT ONLY+ TRỢ ĐỘNG TỪ+ S+V, BUT+S+TRỢ ĐỘNG TỪ( Tobe/ modal verbs)+ ALSO+V+ Example: Not only was Tom late, but he was also angry 5. UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES/IN NO WAY/ON NO ACCOUNT:( dưới bất kì hoàn cảnh nào cũng không) CAU TRUC In no way/ on no account +TRỢ ĐỘNG TỪ (should)+S+(not)+V EX: under no circumstances should you call the police 6. Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện Loai1: SHOULD+ S+ (not)+ V, S+ will+ V Loại 2: WERE+S+ To V/ noun +V, clause Loại 3: HAD+S+(not)+ Vpp, clause
2. EX 1. should you see her, will you tell me? 2.were the earth to stop moving, we would die 3. had he not been lazy, he would have passed the exam 7. đảo ngữ của IF IT WERE NOT FOR( nếu không vì) IF IT WERE NOT FOR+ N, clause => WERE IT NOT FOR+ N, clause Ex: were it not for your help, I couldn't successed. 8. Đảo ngữ với SUCH va SO THAT *SO+ adj/adv+ TRỢ ĐỘNG TỪ+S+ THAT+ clause Ex: so angry was she that she couldn't say anything. * SUCH+ Tobe+ noun +THAT+ clause Ex: such was her anger that she couldn't say anything. 9. Đảo ngữ với ONLY:(Only by+ Ving; Only with+noun; Only After+Ving/N/clause; Only When+N/clause) ONLY BY+ Ving+Trợ động từ+S+V ex: only by studying hard can you pass the exam. 10. Đảo ngữ với NOT+N: NOT+ A/AN+ N+ Trợ động từ+S+V EX: she didn't say any word when she saw me. => not a word did she say when she saw me. 11. Đảo ngữ của LITTLE: LITTLE/HARDLY/SELDOM/RARELY+ Trợ động từ+S+V (hiếm khi) EX: little did he understand what I say. 12. Đảo ngữ với trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn:( dạng này dễ nhất nè) S+V+adv =>Adv+V+S Ex: a beautiful girl stands over there => overthere stands a beautiful girl. 1. Đảo ngữ phủ định – Negative Inversion
3. a. Neither nor He neither likes it nor wants it → Neither does he like it nor want it b. Rarely Bob rarely speaks to himself → Rarely does Bob speak to himself. c. Seldom Bob seldom gets invited to party → Seldom does Bob get invited to parties d. Never We have never seen such a breathtaking view → Never have we seen such a breathtaking view. e. Nowhere You are nowhere near their level → Nowhere are you near their level f. At no time (dạng inversion phổ biến hơn) The prisioner looks as if he might confess at no time → At no time did the prisoner look as if he might confess. g. Not only She is not only a great dancer but also → Not only is she a great dancer but also h. Not until (chú ý vế sau và vế đầu đổi chỗ cho nhau) She hadn’t overcome her fear of heights until she took up rock climbing → Not until she took up rock climbing did she overcome her fear of heights. i. Little (chú ý dạng bình thường có nghĩa là not at all) She didn’t realize at all that her grandmother was really a wolf
4. → Little did she realize that her grandmother was really a wolf. j. Not any Mary doesn’t look good in any clothes → In no clothes does Mary look good Fred isn’t happy with any job → With no job is Fred happy Prisoners will not be allowed to use mobile phone under any circumstances → Under no circumstances will prisoners be allowed to use mobile phone. k. Only by/if/after (không đảo ngữ ngay sau Only mà đảo ở vế tiếp theo) Only after he arrived at the airport did he look for his passport. Only if you do to school will you be able to get a degree. Only by threatening his mother did he pay the debt. 2. Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện – Conditional Inversion Trong câu điều kiện (loại giả định, không có thực) thì ta có thể bỏ if và thay bằng Should/Were/Had (chỉ 3 chữ này thôi) Should you see Nigel, give him my regards. Were I in your shoes, I would make a formal complaint. Had I known it was her birthday, I would have bought her a gift. 3. Đảo ngữ so/such – So/Such inversion Giống như mọi dạng khác, chỉ khi so và such đứng đầu câu mới dùng được đảo ngữ. So excited were they that they couldn’t sit still. So angry did the spectators get that they had to cancel the football match. Such was their excitement that they began to jump up and down. Such was a boring speech that I got sleepy.
5. Đưa vào sổ ĐẢO NGỮ (The inversion of verbs) tay - Sự đảo ngữ vị trí giữa S và V nhằm mục đích nhấn mạnh A- Đảo ngữ dạng I : trường hợp khi đầu câu có các trạng từ mang nghĩa phủ định- hạn chế * ) Cách đảo ngữ + Với những động từ thì đơn → thêm trợ từ (như câu hỏi) và đảo lên trước S + Nếu có sẵn trợ từ → đảo trợ từ lên trước S 1) Hardly, scarely - Hardly when Scarely - No sooner than Vừa mời rồi thì Ex : Hardly does he get up early on Sunday Hardly had we arrived home when the rain suddenly dropped - No sooner had I gone to bed than the bell rang (I had no sooner gone to bed than the bell rang) 2) Never, little, seldom, rarely, so, such (that) Ex : Never do I have breakfast before 6a.m Little did Mary reliza that David was deceiving her - So intelligent is she that she can solve any difficult problem Such a lovely day was it that everybody wants to stay out. 3) On no account (không bì bất cứ lí do gì) On/ under no circumstances (trong bất cứ hoàn cảnh nào cũng không) At no time (không, không hề) Ex : On no account must this swith be touched Under no circumstances do you cheat in exam At no time did he recognize the changes on her face 4) No where Not till/ until → đảo ngữ mệnh đề 2 Not only but also Not once (không hề, chưa bao giờ) Ex : No where can you see a more hard working worker than Mr Jan Not till she was eight, could she read Not only did harry miss the train but also lost his purse Not once did I leave my workbook at home Not once I did I love him
6. 5) Only by + N Only by + Ving Only in this way + Only when → Đảo mệnh đề 2 + Only then (chỉ khi đó) + Only after + N/ Ving / S- V Ex : Only by trying to learn hard, can you pass the exam Learn hard ! Only in this way can you pass the exam Only when I got home, did I realize that I haven't said goodbye to her. I got home, and only then did I relize Only after seeing "Hamlet", did I like it very much Note : Những trường hợp dùng : "Only when" Only after + clause → đảo ngữ mệnh đề 2 Not till/ until = It wasn't until (mệnh đề 2 không đảo) B- Câu điều kiện đảo ngữ 1) Câu điều kiện loại I Bỏ " If" → thêm "Should + S + V (infi)" Ex : Should you go by the post office, can you post my letter ? 2) Câu điefu kiện loại II : V (tobe)→ Were + S V (thường)→ Were + S + to V Ex : If I were you, I would help her → Were I you, If she got up late, she couldn't catch the train → Were she to get up late 3) Câu điều kiện loại 3 : Had + S + PII + Main Clause Ex : If they hadn't had money, they wouldn't have bought the house. → Hadn't they had money, + If it hadn't been for + N Ex : If it hadn't been for his help, I couldn't have finished my work → Hadn't it been for C- Đảo ngữ với "neither, nor, so" Neither + trợ từ + S Nor + trợ từ + S So + trợ từ + S
7. D- Đảo ngữ dạng 2 Chỉ đổi vị trí giữa S và V vị ngữ, không thêm bớt trạng từ 1) Adv + V + S Ex : Here comes the bus There lives a very famous singer away Round were flying the birds 2) Đầu câu là giới từ Prep + V + S Ex : In front of the gate stood a very handsome boy Under the tree slept a buffalo In the room shouted a lot of people