Các dạng bài tập với cấu trúc So, Such, Too, Enough

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1. CÁC DẠNG BÀI TẬP VỚI CẤU TRÚC SO, SUCH, TOO, ENOUGH. I. ENOUGH (đủ) Enough có hai công thức cơ bản : 1) adj/adv + enough (for sb) to inf 2) enough + N (for sb ) to inf Các bạn lưu ý: tính từ ,trạng từ thì đứng trước enough còn danh từ thì đứng sau enough ex: he is strong enough to lift the box.(anh ta đủ khỏe để nhấc cái hộp) He doesn't drive carefully enough to pass the driving test I don't have enough money to buy a car.(tôi không có đủ tiền để mua xe hơi) * Nếu chủ từ thực hiện cả 2 hành động (động từ chính và to inf ) là một thì không có phần (for sb),còn nếu là hai đối tượng khác nhau thì đối tượng thực hiện hành động to inf sẽ được thể hiện trong phần for sb ex: I study well enough to pass the exam.(tôi học giỏi đủ để thi đậu) The exercise is not easy for me to do.(bài tập không đủ dễ để tôi có thể làm được ) *Khi chủ từ và túc từ của V chính và túc từ của to inf là một thì túc từ đó được hiểu nghầm ,không viết ra ex: The exercise is not easy for me to do it.(sai) The exercise is not easy for me to do.(đúng) 3 NGUYÊN TẮC CẦN NHỚ KHI NỐI CÂU DÙNG ENOUGH: 1)Nguyên tắc thứ nhất: Nếu trước tính từ ,trạng từ có : too, so, very, quite ,extremely Trước danh từ có many, much, a lot of, lots of thì phải bỏ. He is very intelligent.He can do it. ->He is very intelligent enough to do it (sai) ->He is intelligent enough to do it.(đúng) He has a lot of money .He can buy a car. ->He has enough a lot of money to buy a car.(sai) ->He has enough money to buy a car.(đúng) 2) Nguyên tắc thứ hai: Nếu chủ từ hai câu giống nhau thì bỏ phần for sb ex: Tom is strong. He can lift the box. ->Tom is strong enough for him to lift the box.(sai) ->Tom is strong enough to lift the box.(đúng) The weather is fine. Mary and her little brother can go to school. ->The weather is fine enough to go to school.(sai) ->The weather is fine enough for Mary and her little brother to go to school.(đúng) * Tuy nhiên nếu chủ từ câu sau có ý chung chung thì cũng có thể bỏ đi. ex: The sun is not warm .We can't live on it. ->The sun is not warm enough to live on.(we ở đây chỉ chung chung, mọi người) 3)Nguyên tắc thứ ba: Nếu chủ từ câu đầu và túc từ câu sau là một thì phải bỏ túc từ câu sau ex: The water is quite warm .I can drink it. ->The water is warm enough for me to drink it.(sai) ->The water is warm enough for me to drink .(đúng) 1
2. II. TOO: Adj S+V too (for sbd) to V Adv 3 NGUYÊN TẮC CẦN NHỚ KHI NỐI CÂU DÙNG TOO TO Cũng giống như enough, too to có các nguyên tắc sau 1)Nguyên tắc thứ nhất : Nếu trước tính từ ,trạng từ có :too ,so ,very , quite ,extremely thì phải bỏ. 2) Nguyên tắc thứ hai: Nếu chủ từ hai câu giống nhau thì bỏ phần for sb 3) Nguyên tắc thứ ba: Nếu chủ từ câu đầu và túc từ câu sau là một thì phải bỏ túc từ câu sau ex: He is so weak .He can't run.-> He is too weak to run. The coffee was very hot .I could drink it.-> The coffee was too hot for me to drink. III. SO THAT (QUÁ ĐẾN NỖI ) CÔNG THỨC : SO + ADJ/ADV + THAT + clause - Cách nối câu dùng so that + Trước adj/adv nếu có too, so, very,quite thì bỏ + Nếu có a lot of ,lots of thì phải đổi thành much,many + Sau that viết lại toàn bộ mệnh đề ex: He is very strong .He can lift the box.-> He is so strong that he can lift the box. He ate a lot of food. He became ill.-> He ate so much food that he became ill. He bought lots of books .He didn't know where to put them. ->He bought so many books that he didn't know where to put them. IV. SUCH THAT(quá đến nỗi ) Công thức : SUCH( a/an) + adj + N + THAT + clause -Cách nối câu dùng such .that + Trước adj/adv nếu có too, so, very, quite thì bỏ + Nếu danh từ là số ít hoặc không đếm được thì không dùng (a/an) + Nếu sau adj không có danh từ thì lấy danh từ ở đầu câu vào rồi thế đại từ vào chủ từ . ex: He is a very lazy boy. No one likes him.->He is such a lazy boy that no one likes him. The coffee is too hot .I can't drink it.->It is such hot coffee that I can't drink it. Her voice is very soft .Everyone likes her.->She has such a soft voice that everyone likes her. + Nếu trước danh từ có much, many thì phải đổi thành a lot of. ex: He bought many books. He didn't know where to put them. -> He bought such a lot of books that he didn't know where to put them DẠNG ĐỀ THƯỜNG GẶP VỀ TOO TO , SO THAT, SUCH THAT , ENOUGH : 1) ĐỔI TỪ SO THAT => SUCH THAT : Cách làm : Thêm such ( a,an) đem tính từ xuống ,đem danh từ xuống ,từ that trở đi viết lại hết 2
3. => ĐẠI TỪ + BE SUCH ( A,AN ) ADJ + N + THAT CLAUSE The book is so interesting that I have read it many times. => It is such an interesting book that I have read it many times. Note: Nếu danh từ là số ít hoặc không đếm được thì không có a, an 2) ĐỔI TỪ SO THAT => TOO TO : Cách làm : Thêm tính từ vào , bỏ can't ,couldn't lấy từ động từ trở đi Nếu chủ từ 2 câu khác nhau thì thêm phần for sb Nếu túc từ câu sau giống chủ từ câu đầu thì bỏ túc từ đó đi => S + BE + TOO + adj +( FOR SB ) TO INF The water is so hot that I can't drink it. => The water is too hot for me to drink. - Nếu đổi nguợc lại từ TOO TO sang SO THAT thì thường sai nhất là việc quên thêm túc từ vào và chia sai thì 3) ĐỔI TỪ TOO TO + V => ENOUGH : Cách làm : - Dùng tính từ phản nghĩa + enough - Viết lại hết phần sau He is too weak to run fast => He isn't strong enough to run fast. EXERCISES I. Fill in each blank with the correct combination of the following words and “enough”: 1. You haven’t bought ___ (blueberries). 2. This soil is not ___ (rich) to plant vegetables. 3. We don’t have ___ (blood donors). 4. This garage is not ___ (large). 5. I’m not ___ (well) to go on working. II. Fill in each blank with the correct combination of the following words and “too, too much, too many”: 1. ___ (cooks) spoil the broth. 2. You’re ___(cruel) to people. You should be kinder, more polite and not so sarcastic. 3. There is ___ (violence) on the streets nowadays. 4. He’s ___ (stingy) to give you that! 5. I don’t want to pay him a visit today; he lives ___ (far) away from here! III. Complete the following sentences using the structure “too adj + for sb/sth + to do sth” or “adj enough + for sb/sth + to do sth”: This dress is pretty enough for her to wear at the wedding. It’s too wonderful to be true. 1. This zip is (big) ___those trousers. You need a smaller one. 2. She’s only 15. Don’t you think she’s (young) ___marry? 3. This car’s (good-him) ___drive in the race. In fact, it’s one of the best cars on the market. 4. He’s (liberal) ___us. We need a more conservative person. 5. This poison is (strong) ___kill a bull. IV. Fill the gaps with the suitable form: so / such / too / enough. 1. He’s ___ excellent worker! he deserves to get promoted 2. mmm This pizza is ___ tasty. I think I’ll have another piece. 3
4. 3. That wall is ___ high for me to climb. I need a ladder. 4. They had ___ terrible weather in England that they came back in two days. 5. I was ___ hot coffee that I couldn’t drink it. 6. You don’t need to hurry up, we have ___ time to finish this exercise 7. It was ___ small a car for all of us, so we had to go in two cars. 8. Alonso didn’t drive fast ___ to overtake Schumacher in the last race. 9. Don’t worry about her. She is clever ___ to realise what she has to do 10. She didn’t speak loudly ___ for the audience to hear her. V. Complete the sentences using “enough”, “too” or the combinations of “enough/too” and other words. 1. I think I have drunk ___ for tonight. If I drank more, I wouldn’t be able to drive later on. 2. She’s eighteen, so she’s (old) ___order a beer. 3. The generation gap between us is (strong) ___to be broken. We’re like chalk and cheese. 4. You smoke ___You should smoke less. 5. We can’t eat all this butter in a week! There’s ___. 6. These earrings are (ugly) ___! I will never wear them! 7. We can’t fight back. There are ___them. We must wait for the reinforcements. They’re due to arrive soon. 8. There’s an outbreak of cholera, and we don’t have (means) ___stop it. 9. They have cut off the power: I don’t have (light) ___finish reading this book. 10. I’ve eaten ___these canapés. My stomach aches terribly as a result. 11. It’s not surprising that you have failed your exams. You’ve been going out (often) ___. 12. This barrow is not (big) ___carry all this rubble. We need a bigger one. 13. He’s (short) ___be a basketball player. He’s only 1.60 meters tall. 13. He’s (tall) ___be a policeman. He’s 1.80 meters tall. 14. The music’s (loud) ___. If you turn up the volume control, it will be (loud) ___us; so, please don’t! 15. ‘How many flowers do we need to go around?’ ‘We have ___. Don’t worry about it. We have the right amount.’ 16. This field (large) ___cultivate crops. You don’t need another field! 17. ‘Are there (wafers) ___?’ ‘Yes, there are. We won’t be able to eat them all.’ 18. You’re being ___ (nasty)! Can’t you behave yourself once and for all? 19. Don’t go out! It’s (windy) ___. Can’t you wait until it dies down? 20. There aren’t (needles and thread-us) ___sew these garments. We’d better go and buy some more. VI. Complete the following sentences using the correct structure of “so” or “such”: 1. I love talking to him. He’s ___ (nice)! 2. She has ___ (curly hair) she can’t wear it long. 3. He eats ___ (fast) he doesn’t chew his food well. 4. We had ___ (clear sky that) we could see millions and millions of stars. 5. She’s ___ (skittish girl) she has no sense of responsibility. 6. I’m not ___ (stupid) to trust a liar like him. 7. He’s got ___ (enemies) he needs an armed escort. 8. He has murdered ___ (people) his heart is as hard as nails. 9. They’ve seen this movie ___ (times) they’ve learnt it word for word. 10. I ate ___ (that cheese) I got diarrhea. VII. Complete the following sentences using the correct structure of “so” or “such”: 1. She’s ___ (severe a mother)! I think she ought to be gentler. 2. He told me ___ (fascinating story) it was difficult to believe 4
5. 3. He told her ___ (corny a joke) she begged him not to tell her any more jokes. 4. He told her ___ (corny joke) she begged him not to tell her any more jokes. 5. Two million pounds! I’m not going to buy ___ (expensive a house). 6. He was ___ (big a man) he could not sit in that chair. VIII. Complete the following sentences using the structure “too + adj + to infinitive” 1. The coffee is extremely hot. I can’t drink it. ___ 2. The coat is very short. He can’t wear it. ___ 3. The food was extremely hot. We couldn’t eat the food. ___ 4. This exercise is very difficult. She can’t do this exercise. ___ 5. The suitcase is very heavy. The children can’t carry it upstairs. ___ IX. Complete the following sentences using the structure “adj + enough + to infinitive” 1. My brother is very strong. He can lift this box. ___ 2. The man is very rich. He can buy this expensive car. ___ 3. That play is very interesting. You should see that play. ___ 4. The weather was wonderful. We could walk round the lake. ___ 5. The food is extremely good. The children can eat it. ___ X. Complete the following sentences using the structure “so + adj + that” 1. The coffee is extremely hot. The children can’t drink it. ___ 2. My brother is very strong. He can lift this heavy table. ___ 3. That play is very interesting. You should see it. ___ 4. The suitcase is very heavy. Nobody can carry it upstairs. ___ 5. My brother is very intelligent. He can do this difficult exercise. ___ 6. The man is extremely poor. He can’t buy a new bike for his wife. ___ XI. Complete the following sentences using the structure “such that” 1. This coat is very short. He can’t wear it. ___ 5
6. 2. The tea is very hot. The children can’t drink it. ___ 3. The tests were quite difficult. We couldn’t do them. ___ 4. The boy is very lazy. Every body hates him. ___ 5. The girl is very intelligent. She can do this difficult exercise. ___ 6. The shoes are very expensive. I can’t buy them. ___ XII. Write meaningful sentences using the following cues. 1. The boy /clever /enough/ do / this test. ___ 2. The question/ too / difficult / us /answer. ___ 3. The test / so / easy / that /all of us / do / easily. ___ 4. It / such / a good film / that /we / want / see / twice. ___ 5. My brother / have to / go/ the dentist. ___ XIII. Rewrite the following sentences. 1. This jacket is very short. I can’t wear it. (too/ enough/ so that/ such .that/ because) ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ 2. You can’t get married. You are too young. (too / enough) ___ ___ 3. We can’t live in this room. It is very small. (too/ enough/so that/such that/because) ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ 4. The exercises were very difficult. You couldn’t do them. ( too/ enough / so that / such that / because ) 6
7. ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ 5. It was raining but she still went out. (although ) ___ 6. The children were tired but they couldn’t sleep. (although ) ___ 7. The man is very poor. He can’t buy a new bike for himself. (too, enough ,so that, such that, because ). ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ XIV. Rewrite the following sentences. 1. He is too poor to buy this shirt. (enough) ___ 2. He isn’t young enough to wear this shirt. (too) ___ 3. The ladder is too short to reach the windows. (enough) ___ 4. This table is so heavy that nobody can lift it. (too/enough) ___ ___ 5. I am too weak to carry this bag. (so that) ___ 6. These oranges were too sour for us to eat. (so that/ such that) ___ ___ 7. Riding too fast is dangerous. (to ride) ___ 8. This story is so interesting that I have read it twice. (such that) ___ 9. The test is too difficult for us to do. (enough/ so that/ such that ) ___ 7
8. ___ ___ 10. We arrived too late to see that film. (not) ___ XV. Complete the following sentences using the correct structure of “too”, “enough”, “so” or “such”: 1. The water was ___ (clear) we decided to drink some. 2. He’s got ___ (a lot of floppy disks) he can lend you as many as you wish. 3. He was ___ (delighted at the news of the ceasefire) he went out to celebrate it. 4. If you go on singing, you’ll get a sore throat. Don’t you think you have sung ___? 5. The air in the country is ___ (clean)! You will feel ___ (good) when you breathe deeply. 6. Would you be ___ (kind) as not to disturb me? 7. Would you be ___ (kind) to lend me a walking stick? 8. It took him ___ (long to carve out a human body out of stone) the night fell. 9. He hasn’t been to his home town for ___ (long time) he can hardly recognize it. 10. Our hotel is ___ (far from here) we should take a taxi. 11. This crate is ___ (heavy) a woman of your age___ carry. I’ll do it for you. 13. You’re ___ (long way from the truth) you’ll never be able to find it out. 14. She’s ___ (pretty a girl) every boy in her class is mad about her. 15. She’s ___ (pretty girl) every boy in her class has fallen madly in love with her. XVI. Rewrite the following sentences. 1. Your brother is such a good singer. (so) Your brother ___ . 2. I'd drink less whisky if I were you. (so) Take my advice and don't___. 3. I got so bored during the play that I fell asleep. (such) It ___ play that I fell asleep. 4. You're too young to come into this pub. (old) You're ___ into this pub. 5. I'd love a Ferrari but it costs far too much money for me. (rich) I'm ___ a Ferrari. 6. Those friends of yours are so boring. (people) Those friends of yours ___ . 7. We've had such lovely weather recently. (so) The weather ___ recently. 8. I don't think I have the strength to lift it. (strong)  I don't think I ___ it. 9. My sister is too young to drive a car legally. (not) My sister ___ drive a car legally. 10. I didn't feel well enough to go to work. (too) I felt ___ work. 8