Lý thuyết và bài tập tuyển sinh vào Lớp 10 môn Tiếng Anh - Năm học 2019-2020

Nội dung text: Lý thuyết và bài tập tuyển sinh vào Lớp 10 môn Tiếng Anh - Năm học 2019-2020

1. 23 ÔN THI TUYỂN SINH 10 2019 – 2020 NAME:
2. TS 10- 2019 ÔN THI TUYỂN SINH VÀO LỚP 10 PART 1 CÂU VỚI ĐỘNG TỪ ĐỘC LẬP NOTE : EXAMPLES CÂU VỚI ĐỘNG TỪ ĐỘC LẬP DẠNG PHỦ ĐỊNH VÀ CÂU HỎI NOTE : EXAMPLES CÂU VỚI CỤM ĐỘNG TỪ NOTE : EXAMPLES
3. CÂU VỚI CỤM ĐỘNG TỪ DẠNG PHỦ ĐỊNH VÀ CÂU HỎI NOTE : EXAMPLES SO SAÙNH TÍNH TÖØ /TRAÏNG TÖØ * Tính töø ngaén: Laø tính töø 1 vaàn vaø tính töø 2 vaàn taän cuøng baèng caùc chöõ : “er” ; “le” ; “ow” vaø “y”. Ex: clever, simple, narrow; pretty * Tính töø daøi :Laø tính töø 2 vaàn khoâng taän cuøng baèng caùc chöõ treân vaø 3 vaàn trôû leân. Ex: handsome; homesick, beautiful, important, independent * Traïng töø ngaén: Laø traïng töø 1 vaàn. Ex: fast, hard *Traïng töø daøi: Laø traïng töø 2 vaàn trôû leân. Ex: quickly, slowly, beautifully * Tính töø –Traïng töø baát quy taéc: Infinitive adjective /adv (1) Comparative (2) Supperlative (3) Good / well Better The best Bad / badly Worse The worst Much / many More The most Little Less The least Far Farther /further The farthest /the furthest 1. 1.So saùnh baèng (comparision) Ex: Nam is as tall as Ba as + adj / adv +as He runs as fast as his friends do. 1.2. So saùnh khoâng baèng: not as / so + adj / adv +as Ex: Lan is not so big as Hoa Nam is not as strong as Ba 2. So saùnh hôn: (Comparative) 2.1. Tính töø ngaén, traïng töø ngaén: Ex: Ha is taller than Hong adj / adv + er + than Song is bigger than An * Löu yù:  Ñoái vôùi tính töø , traïng töø taän cuøng baèng chöõ “e” thì ta chæ theâm chöõ “r” maø thoâi. Ex: large larger  Ñoái vôùi tính töø , traïng töø 1 vaàn maø taän cuøng baèng 1 phuï aâm vaø tröôùc noù laø 1 nguyeân aâm thì ta phaûi nhaân ñoâi phuï aâm cuoái.
4. EX: thinthinner, bigbigger  Ñoái vôùi tính töø, traïng töø taän cuøng baèng chöõ “Y” phaûi ñoåi thaønh chöõ “I” roài theâm “er” Ex: Pretty prettier, busybusier 2.2. Tính töø daøi, traïng töø daøi: more +adj / adv + than Ex: This lesson is more important than that one. She is more intelligent than her friends. 2.3. Tính tö baát quy taécø, traïng töø baát quy taéc: Ex: Mai learns better than Hai +adj 2 / adv2 + than Hanoi is farther than HCM City 3. So saùnh nhaát (Supperative) 3. 1 Tính töø ngaén, traïng töø ngaén: the + adj / adv + est Ex: Long is the tallest boy in our class Tra is the biggest student of us * Löu yù:  Ñoái vôùi tính töø , traïng töø taän cuøng baèng chöõ “e” thì ta chæ theâm chöõ “st” maø thoâi. Ex: large largest  Ñoái vôùi tính töø , traïng töø 1 vaàn maø taän cuøng baèng 1 phuï aâm vaø tröôùc noù laø 1 nguyeân aâm thì ta phaûi nhaân ñoâi phuï aâm cuoái.  Ñoái vôùi tính töø, traïng töø taän cuøng baèng chöõ “Y” phaûi ñoåi thaønh chöõ “I” roài theâm “est” Ex: Pretty prettiest, busybusiest EX: thinthinnest, bigbiggest 3.2. Tính töø daøi, traïng töø daøi: the + most + adj / adv Ex: Bao Hoan is the most intelligent student in our school. She is the most beautiful girl of them. 3.3 Tính töø baát quy taéc, traïng töø baát quy taéc: Ex: An is the best student in our class the + adj 3 / adv3 Camau is the farthest area in Vietnam from Hanoi. BAØI TAÄP Cho hình thöùc ñuùng cuûa tính töø trong ngoaëc: Ex: Ba is .as Nam.(strong) Ba is as strong as Nam 1. Lan is .as her sister (tall) 2. This exercise is than that one. (simple) 3. Hoan is the .student in our school.(intelligent) 4. An learns English .than Nhu (well) 5. John is the .boy of them (bad) 6.This lesson is as that one.(important) 7. Thao is .than Nhi(big) 8. My room is than hers. (large) 9. She is the girl in her class. (pretty) 10 . This picture is .than that one. (beautiful) SO SAÙNH DANH TÖØ @ So saùnh baèng danh töø: Ngoaøi so saùnh tính töø, traïng töø ta coøn so saùnh danh tö nhöng tröôùc heát phaûi xem danh töø ñoù ñeám ñöôïc hay khoâng ñeám ñöôïcø :
5. * Ñeám ñöôïc: as many / few+noun +as + noun / pronoun Ex: Lan has as many books as Hoa has. I do as many exercises as he does. *Khoâng ñeám ñöôïc: as much / little+noun +as + noun / pronoun Ex:. He earns as much money as his father. She has as much free time as her friends. . So saùnh hôn danh töø: * Ñeám ñöôïc: more / fewer+noun +than + noun / pronoun Ex: Frebruary has fewer days tha March *Khoâng ñeám ñöôïc: more / less+noun +than + noun / pronoun Ex: Their jobs allow them less freedom than ours does @@. So saùnh gioáng nhau: Danh töø cuõng coù theå ñöôïc so saùnh trong tröôøng hôïp naøy,nhöng neân nhôù tröôùc khi so saùnh phaûi caàn nhôù ñeán caùc danh töø ñoù coù tính töø töông ñöông: Adjectives Noun heavy,light weight wide, narrow with deep, shallow depth long, short length big, small size tall/ high, short height old age the same + (noun) + as +noun /prnoun Ex: My pen is the same as your pen Lan,s school-bad is the same colour as Hoa,s My house is the same height as his. You are the same age as me= You and I are the same age=I am as old as you @ So saùnh khaùc nhau: Ex: My book is different from his book. different from This ruler is different from that one. BAØI TAÄP Vieát laïi caâu sau theo töø gôïi yù nhöng yù nghóa khoâng ñoài so vôùi caâu thöù nhaát: 1. Tom is not as tall as Peter.  Peter is 2. My school-bag is different from his school-bag
6.  My schol-bag is not the 3. Lan is bigger than Hoa , but Mai is bigger than Lan.  Mai is 4. An learns better than Nhu.  Nhu learns 5. Mary is as heavy as Susan.  Mary is the 6. Nam has ten notebooks. Ba has ten notebooks.  Nam has as 7. I am as old as you  You and I are the 8. She is not as beautiful as her sister. Her sister is 9. My pen is not the same colour as yours  My pen is different 10.Lan is bigger than Hoa. Hoa is bigger than Hong. Hong is the 11. No one in our class is taller than Nam Nam . 12. None of us is as intelligent as her.  She . 13. You and I are the same age I am as 14. He is as tall as her. He and she are CAÙC MAÃU CAÂU TÍNH TÖØ-TRAÏNG TÖØ Ex: He is strong enough to carry this bag 1. Adj/Adv +enough +(for+O)+to Infinitive Adj To Inf ñu û (cho ai) ñeå This shirt is large enough for him to wear Adj For+O To Inf Ex: He is too old to walk alone too + Adj/Adv +(for+O)+to Infinitive Adj To Inf 2. quaù û ñeán noåi (ai) khoâng theå The water is too hot for us to drink 3 Adj For+O To Inf so +Adj/Adv + that +Clause Ex: This book is so interesting that I read it all day qua ù ñeán noãi He is so tired that he can,t continue to learn 4 such +(a/an ) +(Adj ) +noun + that +Clause qua ù ñeán noãi Ex: This is such an interesting film that I have seen it many times it many times They are such lazy students that they never do their homework. BAØI TAÄP: I) Noái caùc caëp caâu söû duïng “enough” Ex: The boy is tall. He can reach the light The boy is tall enough to reach the light
7. The exercises are easy. We can do them The exercises are easy enough for us to do 1. This student is intelligent. She can answer this question. 2. The test was short. They could finish it on time. 3. He is strong. He can lift this stone. 4. The water is cool. You can drink it. 5. The film is interesting. They can see it. 6. We came early. We could buy tickets for the movie. II) Noái caùc caëp caâu söû duïng “too” Ex: This man is very poor. He can,t buy a motorbike This man is too poor to buy a motorbike The weather was very hot. We couldn,t sleep well The weather was too hot for us to sleep well 1. The girl is very weak. She can,t carry this bag. 2. The film was boring. We didn,t watch it. 3. He ran slowly. He couldn,t catch the train. 4. The shoes are very small. I can,t wear them. 5.The test was very difficult. She couldn,t do it 6.The lesson was so long. They couldn,t learn it in one period.
8. MEÄNH ÑEÀ TRAÏNG NGÖÕ CHÆ SÖÏ NHÖÔÏNG BOÄ. (ADVERBIAL CLAUSE OF CONCESSION) Ñònh nghóa: Meänh ñeà traïng ngöõ chæ söï nhöôïng boä (MÑTNCSNB) laø meänh ñeà baét ñaàu baèng caùc töø: “ though”, although” vaø” even though” (maëc duø, maëc daàu) duøng ñeå chæ söï töông phaûn, traùi ngöôïc vôùi meänh ñeà chính. EX: They lost the match though / although /even though they played beautifully. Löu yù: Although / Even though / Though + clause = Despite / In spite of + Noun phrase Ex: Although they are poor, they live happily= Despite their poverty, they live happily BAØI TAÄP I.Noái caùc caëp caâu söû duïng “although” 1. Peter sat at the table for lunch. He was not hungry. 2. We all felt tired. We were very happy. 3. They live happily. They are very poor. 4. Nam did not pass the exam. He learnt very hard. 5. It begins to rain. The students do not stop playing soccer. 6. He was very thirdty. He did not drink anything. 7. I help Lan . I don,t like her. 8. No one did the test well. It was very easy. 9. Trang is thin. She is very strong. 10. The film was interesting. There were few people came to see it. 11.An is very intelligent and learns well. She is very modest(modest(adj): khieâm toán) 12.She did the test very well. It was very difficult. 13. The lesson was long. We could learn it in one period. 14.Lan was sick yesterday. She tried to go to school. II. Rewrite the following sentences that do not change the meaning(Viết lại các câu sau mà ý nghĩa không đổi)
9. 1. Although the test was long, he finished the test on time Despite the 2. Although they are friendly, I don,t like them In spite of 3. Although she was careful, she did the exercise with mistakes Despite 4. Despite the heaviness of the suitcase, he could carry it Although the suitcase 5. In spite of the difficulty of the question, she could answer it right. Although the question CAÙC LOAÏI ÑAÏI TÖØ NHAÂN XÖNG ĐẠI TỪ NHÂN XƯNG Trong Tieáng Anh coù caùc loaïi ñaïi töø nhaân xöng döôùi ñaây: ÑAÏI TÖØ ÑAÏI TÖØ TAÂN ÑAÏI TÖØ SÔÛ TÍNH TÖØ SÔÛ ÑAÏI TÖØ PHAÛN CHUÛ NGÖÕ NGÖÕ HÖÕU HÖÕU(POSSESIVE THAÂN(REFLEXIVE Õ(SUBJECT Õ(OBJECT (POSSESIVE ADJECTIVE ) PRONOUN) PRONOUN) PRONOUN) PRONOUN) I ME MY (Cuûa toâi ) MINE MYSELF (Chính toâi ) YOU YOU YOUR (Cuûa baïn ) YOURS YOURSELF(Chính baïn ) YOU YOU YOUR (Cuûa caùc YOURS YOURSELVES baïn ) HE HIM HIS (Cuûa oâng aáy ) HIS HIMSELF(Chính oâng aáy ) SHE HER HER (Cuûa baø aáy ) HERS HERSELF(Chính baø aáy ) IT IT ITS (Cuûa noù ) ITS ITSELF(Chính noù ) THEY THEM THEIR (Cuûa hoï ) THEIRS THEMSELVES(Chính hoï ) WE US OUR (Cuûa chuùng toâi, OURS OURSELVES(Chính cuûa chuùng ta ) chuùng toâi ) I. ÑAÏI TÖØ CHUÛ NGÖÕ NGOÂI THÖÙ I NGOÂI THÖÙ II NGOÂI THÖÙ III I (Toâi,em, chaùu, con, YOU(baïn, em, con, HE(oâng aáy, anh aáy, caäu aáy,baïn aáy )Duøng ñeå chæ coâ, chuù, anh, chò ) chaùu, anh, em,coâ, 1 ngöôøi ñaøn oâng/nam,khoâng tröïc noùi chuyeän vôùi Duøng ñeå chæ ngöôøi chuù, baø )Duøng ñeå mình maø mình noùi veà ngöôøi ñoù. noùi. chæ ngöôøi nghe. SHE(baø aáy, coâ aáy, chò aáy, baïn aáy ) Duøng ñeå chæ 1 ngöôøi phöï nöõ /nöõ,khoâng tröïc noùi chuyeän vôùi mình maø mình noùi veà ngöôøi ñoù. IT(noù,trôøi ) ) Duøng ñeå chæ 1 con vaät hoaëc ñoà vaät. WE (Chuùng toâi, chuùng YOU(caùc baïn,caùc THEY(hoï, chuùng noù ) ) Duøng ñeå chæ 2 ngöôøi ta, chuùng con, chuùng em, caùc con, caùc trôû leân khoâng tröïc tieáp noùi chuyeän vôùi mình maø chaùu, caùc anh, caùc chò chaùu, caùc anh,caùc mình noùi veà hoï hoaëc 2 con vaät, ñoà vaät trôû leân.( )Duøng ñeå chæ em )Duøng ñeå chæ They duøng cho caû ngöôøi, con vaät, ñoà vaät)
10. nhöõng ngöôøi noùi hoaëc nhöõng ngöôøi nghe. nhöõng ngöôøi noùi vaø nghe(Chuùng ta)  Thöôøng ñöùng ñaàu caâu vaø tröôùc ñoäng töø trong caâu ñeå laøm chuû ngö Ex: I am a teacher. She wants to buy some cakes. II.ÑAÏI TÖØ TAÂN NGÖÕ:  Chæ ngöôøi nhaän haønh ñoäng, ñöùng ngay sau ñoäng töø ñeå laøm taân ngöõ cho ñoäng töø. Ex: He talked to me last night. III .TÍNH TÖØ SÔÛ HÖÕU  Thöôøng coù 1 danh töø keøm theo, coù theå ñöùng ñaàu caâu vaø tröôùc ñoäng töø ñeå laøm chuû ngöõ hoaëc coù theå ñöùng sau ñoäng töø ñeå laøm taân ngöõ (TÍNH TÖØ SÔÛ HÖÕU + Danh töø) Ex:My books are new She gave me her pen IV. ÑAÏI TÖØ SÔÛ HÖÕU  Duøng ñeå thay theá cho TÍNH TÖØ SÔÛ HÖÕU + Danh töø trong tröôøng hôïp danh töø ñoù ñaõ ñöôïc nhaéc tôùi tröôùc, coù theå ñöùng tröôùc ñoäng töø ñeå laøm chuû ngöõ trong 1 meänh ñeà hoaëc ñöùng sau ñoäng töø ñeå laøm taân ngöõ) Ex: Your pen is new but mine is old. (Mine =my pen) This is my notebook and that is hers V. ÑAÏI TÖØ PHAÛN THAÂN  Duøng ñeå chæ chính ai laøm vieäc gì, thöôøng ñöùng sau danh töø laøm taân ngöõ trong caâu hoaëc ngay sau ñaïi töø chuû ngöõ neáu muoán nhaán maïnh. Ex: I did this exercise myself (I myself did this exercise) BAØI TAÄP Choïn töø ñuùng trong ngoaëc: 1. What is your name ?- name is Lan. (Your, My, Yours, Our) 2. How old are .? – I am eleven years old. (I, My, You, They) 3. Where does his sister live?_ lives in Hanoi. (His, He, She,It) 4. He .drew that picture. (him, his,himself,her) 5. His books are older than ( her, your, his, ours) 6. What does her father do?_ .is a doctor. (Her, She, He, Himself) 7. When will the children do the test ?_ will do it next Tuesday. (He, She, They, We) 8. What do you think about the test ?_ I think .is long and difficult. (he, she, it, its) 9. What is his mother,s name?_ name is Nam. (Her, His, My, Hers) 10. What did she give her son yesterday ?_ She gave a dictionary. (her, him, me,you) 11. She is wearing a beautiful dress. She made it . (her, hers, herself, itself) 12. Let play soccer, shall we? (us, them, you, me) GIỚI TỪ 1.During = trong suốt (hoạt động diễn ra liên tục) 1. From = từ >< to = đến From to = từ đến (dùng cho thời gian và nơi chốn) From time to time = đôi khi, thỉnh thoảng 3. Between and : vào khoảng giữa
11. 4.Out of=ra khỏi> dùng để nhấn mạnh by accident = by mistake = tình cờ, ngẫu nhiên >< on purose 6.In = bên trong In + month /season / year In time for = In good time for = Đúng giờ (thường kịp làm gì, hơi sớm hơn giờ đã định một chút) In the street = dưới lòng đường In the morning / afternoon/ evening In the past/future = trước kia, trong quá khứ/ trong tương lai In future = from now on = từ nay trở đi In the begining/ end = at first/ last = thoạt đầu/ rốt cuộc In the way = đỗ ngang lối, chắn lối Once in a while = đôi khi, thỉnh thoảng In no time at all = trong nháy mắt, một thoáng In the mean time = meanwhile = cùng lúc In the middle of (địa điểm)= ở giữa In the army/ airforce/ navy In + the + STT + row = hàng thứ In the event that = trong trường hợp mà In case = để phòng khi, ngộ nhỡ Get/ be in touch/ contact with Sb = liên lạc, tiếp xúc với ai 7.On = trên bề mặt: On + thứ trong tuần/ ngày trong tháng On the farm : tại nông trại On + a/the + phương tiện giao thông = trên chuyến/ đã lên chuyến On + phố = địa chỉ (như B.E : in + phố) On the + STT + floor = ở tầng thứ On time = vừa đúng giờ (bất chấp điều kiện bên ngoài, nghĩa mạnh hơn in time) On the corner of = ở góc phố (giữa hai phố)
12. Chú ý: In the corner = ở góc trong At the corner = ở góc ngoài/ tại góc phố On the sidewalk = pavement = trên vỉa hè Chú ý: On the pavement (A.E.)= trên mặt đường nhựa (Don’t brake quickly on the pavement or you can slice into another car) On the way to: trên đường đến > on the other hand = mặt khác thì (On the one hand, we must learn the basic grammar, and on the other hand, we must combine it with listening comprehension) on sale = for sale = có bán, để bán on sale (A.E.)= bán hạ giá = at a discount (B.E) on foot = đi bộ 8.At = ở tại At + số nhà At + thời gian cụ thể At home/ school/ work At night/noon (A.E : at noon = at twelve = giữa trưa (she was invited to the party at noon, but she was 15 minutes late)) At least = chí ít, tối thiểu > < at last = cuối cùng At the beginning of / at the end of = ở đầu/ ở cuối (dùng cho thời gian và địa điểm). At + tên các ngày lễ : at Christmas, at Thanks Giving Nhưng on + tên các ngày lễ + day = on Christmas day Trong dạng informal E., on trước các thứ trong tuần đôi khi bị lược bỏ: She is going to see her boss (on) Sunday morning. At/in/on thường được không dùng trong các thành ngữ chỉ thời gian khi có mặt: next, last, this, that, one, any, each, every, some, all At + địa điểm : at the center of the building
13. At + những địa điểm lớn (khi xem nó như một nơi trung chuyển hoặc gặp gỡ): The plane stopped 1 hour at Washington D.C. before continuing on to Atlanta. At + tên các toà nhà lớn (khi xem như 1 hành động sẽ xảy ra ở đó chứ không đề cập đến toà nhà) : There is a good movie at the Center Theater. At + tên riêng các tổ chức: She works at Legal & General Insurence. At + tên riêng nơi các trường sở hoặc khu vực đại học: She is studying at the London school of Economics. At + tên các hoạt động qui tụ thành nhóm: at a party/ lecture 9.Một số các thành ngữ dùng với giới từ  On the beach: trên bờ biển  Along the beach: dọc theo bờ biển  In place of = Instead of: thay cho, thay vì.  For the most part: chính là, chủ yếu là = mainly.  In hope of + V-ing = Hoping to + V = Hoping that + sentence = với hi vọng là.  off and on: dai dẳng, tái hồi  all of a sudden= suddenly = bỗng nhiên  for good = forever: vĩnh viễn, mãi mãi. BÀI TẬP Cho giới từ đúng vào chổ trống: 1. He will have a meeting 8 o,clock tomorrow. 2. We always go to school the morning. 3. Her birthday is May 25th. 4. There were a football match on TV 9pm to 10: 45 pm last night. 5. Last month, I visited my uncle and I was staying .the farm for a month. 6. We always go to class .time. 7. Children often receive lucky money from their parents and relative Tet holidays. 8. Mr Baker often watches TV the evenings. 9. He wishes he will become a doctor the future. 10. Christmas, good children often receive presents from the Santa Claus. 11. I am afraid to go out alone night. 12. He was born .1994. 13. I will go to the market. , I will buy you some candies. 14. We heard that news TV last night. 15. There was a bussiness meeting 7am and 11am last Friday. 16. I always finish the tests time. 17. we brought along a raincoat just .case it rained. 18.He is of work now and he is looking for another job. 19.This shirt is .of date. I have to buy another. 20.The people shouted “rubber! rubber!” and the police came once. 21 first we didn,t know who he was but after that we knew he was a famous singer. 22.I saw him the way to the movies . 23. I am going to the market . the way, I will buy you some candies. 24.They heard that news the radio last night. NGữ ĐộNG Từ Đó là những động từ kết hợp với 1, 2 hoặc đôi khi 3 giới từ, khi kết hợp ở dạng như vậy ngữ nghĩa của chúng thay đổi hẳn so với nghĩa ban đầu.  To break off: chấm dứt, cắt đứt, đoạn tuyệt.  To bring up: nêu ra, đưa lên một vấn đề
14.  To call on: yêu cầu / đến thăm  To care for: thích / trông nom, săn sóc (look after)  To check out (of/from) a library: mượn sách ở thư viện về  To check out: điều tra, xem xét.  To check out (of): làm thủ tục để ra (khách sạn, sân bay) to land  To take over for: thay thế cho  To take part in: tham gia vào  To take a bath/ a shower : tắm  To take a photo: chụp ảnh  To take some medicine/ apirins: uống thuốc  To take somebody to somewhere : dẫn ai đi đâu  To take care of somebody= to look after: chăm sóc, săn sóc ai  To talk over: bàn soạn, thảo luận về
15.  To try out: thử nghiệm, dùng thử (sản phẩm)  to try out for: thử vai, thử giọng (1 vở kịch, buổi biểu diễn)  To turn in: giao nộp, đệ trình / đi ngủ  To watch out for: cảnh giác, để mắt, trông chừng (cả nghĩa đen lẫn nghĩa bóng) ĐỘNG TỪ + TÂN NGỮ + GIỚI TỪ Accuse , suspect somebody of (doing) something: Buộc tội, nghi ngờ người nào đó về việc gì The police have acused that young man of theft. The police suspected him of the crime Did they suspect that woman of being a spy ? Blame something on somebody, blame somebody for something: Đổ lỗi việc gì cho người nào đó, khiển trách người nào đó về việc gì They blamed the failure of the bussiness on the director Don,t blame the result of the match on the referee They blamed the director for the failure of the bussiness Don,t blame the referee for the result of the match. Borrow something from somebody: Mượn vật gì từ người nào. She borrowed the umbrella from her friend Could I borrow a dictionary from the librarian ? Explain something to somebody: Giải thích điều gì cho người nào He explained the rules of the game to the children. Can you explain the lesson to us again ? Forgive somebody for(doing) something: Tha thứ cho người nào đó về việc gì Please forgive me for interrupting you. Prevent, stop somebody from doing something: Ngăn chặn, ngăn cản người nào đó làm việc gì Nobody can prevent us from taking part in the competition. The police stopped everyone from getting in the building. Remind somebody of something: Làm người nào nhớ về việc gì This place reminds me of my hometown. This poem reminds me of the wonderful time in Hanoi. Tell somebody about somebody/something:Nói,kể với người nào đó về người nào/việc gì Did he tell you about his journey ? She told us about her teachers. BÀI TẬP 1. Was the man accused stealing three million dollars from the bank?. 2.Do not blame me .the failure of the whole team. We are all responsible for it. 3. I forgot my grammar book . Can I borrow one .the library ? 4. Will you explain it .Nam again?I think that he doesn,t know exactly what you mean. 5. She sings so beautifully ,and her songs remind me my friends. 6. He wanted to establish his own company, but his parents stopped him doing that. 7. Will the boss forgive his secretary not sending the document on time ? 8. Do you tell the manager my lateness thí morning ? 9. The police are trying to prevent the panic-stricken people .jumping out their flats. 10. They arrested the man because they suspected him causing the explosion GIỚI TỪ CỦA TÍNH TỪ
16.  Interested in something: thích, quan tâm tới việc gì  Nice; kind ; polite ; rude ;stupid of somebody: Người nào đó ân cần, tử tế; tử tế, tốt bụng; lịch sự ; thô lỗ; ngớ ngẩn.  Angry ; annoyed ; nervous; worried about something: Tức giận; khó chịu; sợ hãi; lo lắng về việc gì  Good ; bad at something: Giỏi; không giỏi về việc gì  Amazed; astonished; shocked; surprised at/by something: lấy làm lạ; ngạc nhiên; sửng sốt; kinh ngạcvề / bởi việc gì  Famous / well-know; responsible for something:nổi tiếng ;chịu trách nhiệm về việc gì  Afraid ; ashamed; aware; capable;fond; jealous; proud; surpicious, tired of something: sợ hãi; xấu hổ về;có ý thức về; có năng lực để làm; rất thích; đố kỵ với; tự hào; nghi ngờ; nhàm chán về/với việc gì  Keen on something: say mê việc gì  Engaged; married to somebody: đính hôn; kết hôn với ai  Similar to something: tương tự, giống cái gì  Nice; kind; polite; rude to somebody: ân cần, tử tế; tử tế; lịch sự thô lổ với người nào  Pleased; bored; disappointed; happy with something/ somebody: hài lòng; chán nản; thất vọng; hạnh phúc về việc gì/ người nào BÀI TẬP 1.They were angry the delay. 2. I think France is best famous its wine. 3. He is interested collecting stamps. 4. Let,s go home. I,m really bored .this film. 5.That bussinesman got married a famous singer. 6. L ook ! Her handbag is similar to mine. 7.She is really keen fashion. 8.The shop assistant shouldn,t be so rude the customers. 9.Do you feel nervous the examination? 10. She really nervous her son,s schoolwork. 11. Are you responsible this project ? 12. She felt ashamed her behaviour at the meeting. 13. We are fond reading picture books. 14. Tom is afraid staying alone at night. 15. She was disappointed .the result of the examination. 16.These children have been taught to be proud their national history. 17.That famous singer has just been engaged one of the richest men in the world. 18.She is worried h er daught ers bec ause theyb haven,t come home yet. 19. Jack is not good .history although h is father teaches history at university. 20. Don,t you know that Dalat is famous these waterfalls ? 21. He was surprised your failure in the final examination in English. 22.The police are looking for the man who is responsible .the safety of the products. 23.Those little girls seem to be afraid darkness. 24. It was so nice him to send these greeting cards at Christmas. 25. The manager told me to find a person who was capable management III)Noái caùc caëp caâu söû duïng “so that” Ex: She is very nice. Everybody likes her  She is so nice that everybody like her
17. 1.The film was very interesting. We wanted to see it again 2. He spoke very quickly. Nobody could hear what he said 3.The room was very dark. I could see nothing IV)Noái caùc caëp caâu söû duïng “such that” Ex:They are bad students .They can,t do any exercises They are such bad students that they can,t do any exercises 1. He is a rich man. He has many villas. 2.The girl is very beautiful. Many boys follow her 3. It was a difficult lesson. They didn,t understand it. BAØI TAÄP Vieát laïi caùc caâu sau theo töø gôïi yù maø yù nghóa khoâng ñoåi: 1. The shirt is too small for me to wear.  The shirt is not  The shirt is so  It is such 2. The exercises are so difficult that we can,t do them.  The exercises are too  The exercises are not  They are such 3. It was such hot water that he couldn,t drink it.  The water was too  The water was not  The water was so 4. He is not strong enough to carry this table.  He is too  He is so  He is such 5.She is too foolish to understand the lessons  She is not  She is so  She is such 6. She is such an impolite girl that no one likes her.  She is too  She is not  She is so small > < impolite ĐỘNG TỪ + TÂN NGỮ + GIỚI TỪ
18. Accuse , suspect somebody of (doing) something: Buộc tội, nghi ngờ người nào đó về việc gì The police have acused that young man of theft. The police suspected him of the crime Did they suspect that woman of being a spy ? Blame something on somebody, blame somebody for something: Đổ lỗi việc gì cho người nào đó, khiển trách người nào đó về việc gì They blamed the failure of the bussiness on the director Don,t blame the result of the match on the referee They blamed the director for the failure of the bussiness Don,t blame the referee for the result of the match. Borrow something from somebody: Mượn vật gì từ người nào. She borrowed the umbrella from her friend Could I borrow a dictionary from the librarian ? Explain something to somebody: Giải thích điều gì cho người nào He explained the rules of the game to the children. Can you explain the lesson to us again ? Forgive somebody for(doing) something: Tha thứ cho người nào đó về việc gì Please forgive me for interrupting you. Prevent, stop somebody from doing something: Ngăn chặn, ngăn cản người nào đó làm việc gì Nobody can prevent us from taking part in the competition. The police stopped everyone from getting in the building. Remind somebody of something: Làm người nào nhớ về việc gì This place reminds me of my hometown. This poem reminds me of the wonderful time in Hanoi. Tell somebody about somebody/something:Nói,kể với người nào đó về người nào/việc gì Did he tell you about his journey ? She told us about her teachers. BÀI TẬP 1. Was the man accused stealing three million dollars from the bank?. 2.Do not blame me .the failure of the whole team. We are all responsible for it. 3. I forgot my grammar book . Can I borrow one .the library ? 4. Will you explain it .Nam again?I think that he doesn,t know exactly what you mean. 5. She sings so beautifully ,and her songs remind me my friends. 6. He wanted to establish his own company, but his parents stopped him doing that. 7. Will the boss forgive his secretary not sending the document on time ? 8. Do you tell the manager my lateness thí morning ? 9. The police are trying to prevent the panic-stricken people .jumping out their flats. 10. They arrested the man because they suspected him causing the explosion GIỚI TỪ CỦA TÍNH TỪ  Interested in something: thích, quan tâm tới việc gì  Nice; kind ; polite ; rude ;stupid of somebody: Người nào đó ân cần, tử tế; tử tế, tốt bụng; lịch sự ; thô lỗ; ngớ ngẩn.  Angry ; annoyed ; nervous; worried about something: Tức giận; khó chịu; sợ hãi; lo lắng về việc gì  Good ; bad at something: Giỏi; không giỏi về việc gì  Amazed; astonished; shocked; surprised at/by something: lấy làm lạ; ngạc nhiên; sửng sốt; kinh ngạcvề / bởi việc gì  Famous / well-know; responsible for something:nổi tiếng ;chịu trách nhiệm về việc gì
19.  Afraid ; ashamed; aware; capable;fond; jealous; proud; surpicious, tired of something: sợ hãi; xấu hổ về;có ý thức về; có năng lực để làm; rất thích; đố kỵ với; tự hào; nghi ngờ; nhàm chán về/với việc gì  Keen on something: say mê việc gì  Engaged; married to somebody: đính hôn; kết hôn với ai  Similar to something: tương tự, giống cái gì  Nice; kind; polite; rude to somebody: ân cần, tử tế; tử tế; lịch sự thô lổ với người nào  Pleased; bored; disappointed; happy with something/ somebody: hài lòng; chán nản; thất vọng; hạnh phúc về việc gì/ người nào BÀI TẬP 1.They were angry the delay. 2. I think France is best famous its wine. 3. He is interested collecting stamps. 4. Let,s go home. I,m really bored .this film. 5.That bussinesman got married a famous singer. 6. L ook ! Her handbag is similar to mine. 7.She is really keen fashion. 8.The shop assistant shouldn,t be so rude the customers. 9.Do you feel nervous the examination? 10. She really nervous her son,s schoolwork. 11. Are you responsible this project ? 12. She felt ashamed her behaviour at the meeting. 13. We are fond reading picture books. 14. Tom is afraid staying alone at night. 15. She was disappointed .the result of the examination. 16.These children have been taught to be proud their national history. 17.That famous singer has just been engaged one of the richest men in the world. 18.She is worried h er daught ers bec ause theyb haven,t come home yet. 19. Jack is not good .history although h is father teaches history at university. 20. Don,t you know that Dalat is famous these waterfalls ? 21. He was surprised your failure in the final examination in English. 22.The police are looking for the man who is responsible .the safety of the products. 23.Those little girls seem to be afraid darkness. 24. It was so nice him to send these greeting cards at Christmas. 25. The manager told me to find a person who was capable management CÁCH SỬ DỤNG LITTLE, A LITTLE, FEW, A FEW  Little + danh từ không đếm được: rất ít, không đủ để (có khuynh hướng phủ định) I have little money, not enough to buy groceries.  A little + danh từ không đếm được: có một chút, đủ để I have a little money, enough to buy groceries  Few + danh từ đếm được số nhiều: có rất ít, không đủ để (có khuynh hướng phủ định) I have few books, not enough for reference reading  A few + danh từ đếm được số nhiều: có một chút, đủ để I have a few records, enough for listening.  Trong một số trường hợp khi danh từ ở trên đã được nhắc đến thì ở phía dưới chỉ cần dùng little hoặc few như một đại từ là đủ. Are you ready in money. Yes, a little.  Quite a few (đếm được) = Quite a bit (không đếm được) = Quite a lot (cả hai) = rất nhiều.
20. CAÂU HOÛI ÑUOÂI ( TAG-QUESTION) Caâu hoûi ñuoâi laø daïng caâu hoûi duøng ñeå xaùc nhaän thoâng tin ñuùng hay sai(caâu traû lôøi baèngYes/No). Caâu hoûi ñuoâi thöôøng coù 2 phaàn: phaàn caâu traàn thuaät vaø phaàn hoûi ñuoâi  Neáu phaàn caâu traàn thuaät ôû theå khaúng ñònh thì phaàn hoûi ñuoâi ôû theå phuû ñònh.  Neáu phaàn caâu traàn thuaät ôû theå phuû ñònh thì phaàn hoûi ñuoâi ôû theå khaúng ñònh. Ex: You are a student, aren,t you? He doesn,t drink coffee, does he ?  Neáu phaàn caâu traàn thuaät söû duïng caùc ñoäng töø ñaëc bieät nhö “To Be” ; “Modal Verb” (can, could, may, might, will, would, shall,should, must, ought to ), “To Have” (coù)thì phaàn hoûi ñuoâi söû duïng laïi nhöõng ñoäng töø naøy. Ex: She can swim, can,t she? They aren,t students of our school, are they ? You have a sister, haven,t you?  Neáu phaàn caâu traàn thuaät söû duïng caùc ñoäng töø thöôøng thì phaàn hoûi ñuoâi söû duïng caùc trôï ñoäng töø cuûa caùc thì trong tieáng Anh (do, does,don,t, doesn,t, did, didn,t .) Ex: You know this boy, don,t you ? They didn,t play soccer yesterday, did they ? Lan has done the exercises, hasn,t she? The children aren,t learning, are they ?  Baét buoäc phaûi duøng ñaïi töø ôû phaàn hoûi ñuoâi.(Khoâng ñöôïc duøng danh töø) Ex: The children were playing in the garden at that time, weren,t they?(weren,t the children?) Nam studies English well, doesn,t he? (doesn,t Nam ?)  Baét buoäc phaûi duøng daïng vieát taét cuûa ñoäng töø, trôï ñoäng töø phuû ñònh ôû phaàn hoûi ñuoâi. Ex: You like music, don,t you? ( do not you?) He went to Dalat last summer, didn,t he? (did not he?) He is a teacher, isn,t he? (is not he? )  Vì “am not “ khoâng coù daïng vieát taét neân ta phaûi duøng “aren,t I?” ôû phaàn hoûi ñuoâi. Ex: I am right, aren,t I ? (Khoâng duøng ñöôïc “am not I?” vì baét buoäc phaûi duøng daïng vieát taét cuûa ñoäng töø, trôï ñoäng töø phuû ñònh ôû phaàn hoûi ñuoâi) Löu yù:  Neáu ta ñaõ bieát roõ thoâng tin maø chæ caàn xaùc ñònh laïi cho chaéc chaén hôn laàn nöõa thì ta xuoáng gioïng ôû phaàn hoûi ñuoâi. Neáu ta chöa bieát thoâng tin gì caû maø caàn hoûi ñeå bieát thì ta leân gioïng ôû phaàn hoûi ñuoâi.  Caâu traû lôøi döïa vaøo thöïc teá chöù chöù khoâng dòch nghóa caâu hoûi ñuoâi ñeå traû lôøi: Ví duï: Neáu baïn laø 1 hoïc sinh thì khi coù ngöôøi hoûi: “ You are a student, aren,t you?” hoaëc “You aren,t a student, are you?” baïn ñeàu phaûi traû lôøi laø :”Yes, I am”. Neáu baïn khoâng uoáng caø pheâ thì khi coù ngöôøi hoûi: You drink coffee, don,t you?” hoaëc” You don,t drink coffee, do you?” baïn ñeàu phaûi traû lôøi laø: “No, I don,t”.  “Let,s ” là câu đề nghị lịch sự tương đương với”Shall we ” nên phần hỏi đuôi là “shall we? EX; Let,s play soccer, shall we ?  Câu cầu khiến khẳng định và phủ định, phần hỏi đuôi luôn luôn là “ Will you?” Ex: Do the homework, will you ?
21. Don,t talk in class, will you? BAØI TAÄP Ñieàn vaøo choã troáng phaàn hoûi ñuoâi cho ñuùng: 1. She is watching TV, ? 2.This boy doesn,t like milk, .? 3. Mr Baker and Mr Brown are workers, ? 4. You can speak French, .? 5. I am wrong, .? 6. We won,t go to school tomorrow, . ? 7.They have leanrt that lesson, ? 8. Hoa was cooking dinner at that time, ? 9. I must do that work, ? 10. The students didn,t play soccer yesterday, ? 11. Let,s go swimming, ? 12. Don,t make noise in class, ? MOÄT SOÁ ÑIEÅM NGÖÕ PHAÙP CAÀN LÖU YÙ 1. If only = Wish : Ex: If only Nam were here now = I wish Nam were here now If only the Sun were shining at the moment = I wish the sun were shining at the moment. 1.1a Ta thöôøng duøng Past simple tense hoaëc Could + VInf cho Present wish 1.1b. Ta coù theå duøng Past continuous tense in Present wish: Ex: If only he were helping us now = I wish he were helping us now. 1.2a Ta thöôøng duøng Past perfect hoaëc Coul + have + VPP ôû Past wish: Ex: If only he had been there yesterday =I wished he had been there yesterday 1.2b. Ta coøn coù theå duøng Past perfect continuous ôû Past wish: Ex: If only we had been travelling yesterday when the weather was fine. = We wish we had been travelling yesterday when the weather was fine. 1.3. Ta thöôøng duøng Woul +VInf hoaëc Could +VInf ôû Future Wish: Ex: If only you would be quiet = I wish you would be quiet * Khoâng ñöôïc duøng Would sau I vaø We Ex I wish we could visit you some day ( Khoâng duøng I wish we would visit you some day) - Ta coù theå duøng ñeå dieãn ñaït 1 lôøi ñeà nghò lòch söï, trong tröôøng hôïp naøy ta duøng Wish chöù khoâng duøng If only: Ex: I wish you wouldn,t make much noise (Lòch söï hôn: “Don,t make much noise, please”) . Vò trí cuûa Only sau If : Ex: -Ngay sau If : If only he were here now -Sau to be: If he were only here now - Tröôùc Quaù khöù phaân töø: If I had only known him. -Sau Modal Verb: If you would only try harder ! 2. It is time vaø It is about time ñeå ñeà caäp ñeán hieän taïi hoaëc töông lai: - Ta duøng Past simple tense nhöng neáu coù “to be” thì duøng “were” cho moïi chuû ngöõ
22. Ex:It,s time he were taught a lesson It,s time she went to school - Khoâng duøng ñöôïc theå phuû ñònh sau “It,s time ” vaø “It is about time ” -So saùnh vôùi “It,s time (for me/us/him/her/you/them) + To Infinitive Ex:We have enjoyed the evening , but it,s time for us to go (Ñaõ ñeán giôø cho chuùng toâi ñi) We have enjoyed the evening , but it,s time we went (Chuùng toâi ñaùng leõ phaûi ñi töø tröôùc) 2. Caâu bò ñoäng vôùi daïng noùi “It is said that ” ngöôøi ta ñoàn raèng ) Active: People said that he is a thief. Passive: It was said that he is a thief. hoaëc He was said to be a thief. 3.Unless = If not EX: I won,t come unless he invite me = I won,t come if he doesn,t invite me. 4. Because of + Noun phrase (Ngữ danh từ) =Because + Clause EX: Because of the rain, we couldn,t go to school = Because it rained, we couldn,t go to school. 5. In spite of / Despite + Noun phrase = Although / Even though / Though + clause EX :Mr. Clark bought a new car although we advised him against it = Despite of our advice against it, Mr. Clark bought a new car. 6. It take / took + O + a period of time + to Infinitive = S + spend(s) / spent + a period of time +VING EX: It took me two hour to do this exsercise = I spent two hours doing this exercise. It takes her an hour to go to school every day = She spends an hour going to school every day 1. QUESTIONS WITH “HOW MUCH” What + be + the price of sth ? How much + be + sth ? How much + do/does + sth + cost? a. What is the price of this watch? How much ? b. What is the price of your car? How much .? c. What is the price of his coat? How much .? d. What is the price of her hat? How much ? e. What is the price of these beautiful scarves? How much ? f. How much are these oranges? What is ? g. How much is the pork? What is ?
23. h. How much do these dresses cost? What is ? i. How much does the petrol cost? What is .? j. How much is a cup of coffee? What is ? 2. QUESTIONS WITH “ HOW TO GET TO” Can you show/tell me the way to + a place? Can you tell me how to get to + a place ? a. Can you tell me the way to the bank? . b. Can you tell me the way to Chu Se post office? c. Can you tell me the way to the station? . d. Can you tell me the way to the pagoda? e. Can you tell me the way to the bank? f. Can you tell me the way to Ham Rong mountain? g. Can you tell me how to get to the bus station? h. Can you tell me how to get to the bus station? i. Can you tell me how to get to Tan Son Nhat Airport? j. Can you tell me how to get to Uncle Ho’s Mausoleum? k. Can you tell me how to get to the Cao Ba Quat seconary school? l. Can you tell me how to get to Chu Se market? 3. HAVE -THERE IS/ARE: S + have There is/are
24. a. The café has a lot of tables. b. Theatre programmes usually have lots of information . c. London has more than fifty theatres. d. The garden has a swimming pool. . e. The system has both private and state schools. f. My house has four rooms. g. There will be more than 8 billion people in the world in 2020 h. There have been more robberies in this town recently. . i. There will be a lot of interesting TV programmes for people. 4. ADJECTIVE + NOUN: S + be + adj + noun Noun + be + adj a. The national theatre has very comfortable seats. b. Our university has many large classrooms. . c. These are very valuable paintings. d. The book contains many beautiful illustrations. e. They are in unfavorable situations. . f. The university has got numerous outstanding professors. . g. The tower of the church is high. . h. We have got a magnificent view from our window. i. The test they did was not easy.
25. j. The house my parents bought is comfortable. 5. WITH + NOUN- ADVERB S + V + with + noun S + V + adv a. He handled the chinawares with care. . b. He delivers his lecture with eloquence. c. The students listened to their teacher with great attention. d. They waited for the football match with excitement. e. The fishermen looked out to the sea with anxiety. f. The candidates took their exam with impatience. g. The sick people tried to endure the sufferings with impatience. . h. We received him with pleasure. i. She kissed her teacher with thanks. . j. The boy rushed out of the room with horror. 6. IT + TAKES/ TOOK : S + V + time It takes/ took + (SO) + time + to_infi S + SPEND + O + VING + a. I accomplished this task in three months. / ./ . b. Jane spends 3 hours a week sorting stamps. ./ . c. Any pictures that are taken will have to travel for 3 minutes before they reach the earth. / . d. She wrote the letter in 30 minutes. ./ . e. John finished his essay in two hours. ./ .
26. f. I washed all these clothes in an hour. / . g. The flight to Moscow lasted three and half an hour. / . h. We spend five hours getting to London. . i. The passengers spent one hour and a half to fly to HN. j. The engineers completed the construction work in 100 days. 7. THE VERB “ MAKE”: S + be + adj S + make + O + adj a. Why was she late? What b. The critics were strongly impressed by her performance. Her performance made . c. I am always nervous when I travel by air. Travelling d. He felt happy with the news. e. She felt happy with the toys. The toys made . f. She heard the song and she felt homesick. The song made g. They were late because of heavy traffice. h. Nam’s sister is always sad when she sees that film. . i. He was successful thanks to his hard work. His hard work made . j. We work all day and we have no time to spare. Our work makes . 8. ADJECTIVE-ADVERB S + be + adj + noun S + verb + adv a. They are fast typists. b. He is a fluent speaker.
27. c. Peter is a hard worker. d. Van is a good singer. e. They are fast runners. . f. Morgan is a slow driver. g. Tony and Bob are very good footballers. h. We are lazy students. . i. Mary is an excellent dancer. . j. They are frequent church goers. . 9. EXCLAMATORY SENTENCES S + be + adj What + (a/an) + adj + n ! How + adj + S +be S + V + adv How + adv + S + V ! a. She is a very graceful girl. => What b. How fast he run! => He is . c. The meal was excellent. => What . d. This is a beautiful picture. => What e. She sang very beautifully. => How f. What a sweet little girl! => She g. What a great idea! => That is h. What a beautiful home you have! => You . i. How nice that Jane could come with you!
28. => It is j. How nice she is! => What a . 10. TO LIKE- TO BE FOND OF: S + like + sth S + be + fond of sth a. I like detective stories. => I am . b. She likes drinking coffee. => She is c. Children like sweets. => Children are . d. The tourists like to lie on the beach sunbathing. => The tourists e. We like to go camping in the mountains. => We are f. Nobody is fond of liars. => Nobody . g. She is fond of watching the sunset. => She 11. LET-ALLOW: S + let + O + do sth S+ allow + S.O + to do sth a. Bi let Ba keep the kitten. Ba allowed . b. The teacher didn’t let the class leave before 4:30. The teacher c. The police let the people enter the bank. The police . d. Our parents let us do what we think we should. Our parents e. The boss disn’t let her have a day off. The boss . . f. The national laws allow us to do private businesses. The national laws . g. Thay don’t allow outsiders to attend their meeting. They don’t h. Thay don’t allow the students to smoke in class. They don’t i. She will allow her son to engage in social activities. She will
29. j. The weather didn’t allow people to celebrate the ceremony in the open air. The weather didn’t 12. THE VERB “ SUGGEST” FOLLOWED BY PRESENT SUBJ a. Let’s + V S + suggest + that + S + present subj b. In my opinion c. S + advise d. Why don’t you do sth? Or S + suggest + V_ing a. “Let’s go for a walk in the part,” said Ann. Ann suggested that b. In my opinion you are not telling the truth. I suggested . c. “ I’d take a taxi if I were you”, said Peter. Peter suggested d. The doctor advised me to take a rest. The doctor suggested e. “ Why don’t you complain to the company, Peter?” said William. William suggested . f. Why don’t you meet to discuss the pay offer? I suggest g. “Why don’t you go on a walking holiday?” Jane said. Jane suggested . h. “Why don’t you buy a food processor?” said Mary. i. The policeman told us to fit new locks on the door. j. “Why don’t you buy this picture as a wedding present?” said Nga. 13. TO BE SUPPOSED TO a. It’s one’s duty to do sth S + be + supposed to do sth b. S + be + thought to + V a. It is your duty to obey him. You are . b. Yogurt is thought to be good for you. Yogurt is c. Swimming is believed to be good for our health. Swimming is . d. Exercise is thought to do us good.
30. . . e. Drinking alcohol is said to do us harm. . f. It’s your duty to be on time. g. Nobody wanted you to be hare. h. Everybody expected the flight to be on time. i. It’s your duty to help his parents with housework. j. People wanted the train to arrive at 6.00. The train was 14. PREFER- WOULD RATHER a. S + would prefer S + would rather + S + past subj b. S + like .better than S + would rather than . c. S + prefer S + would rather + V. a. He would prefer you to tell him a story. He’d rather b. We’d prefer you not to smoke. We’d rather . c. Daisy likes to eat fish better than meat. d. They like to go to the zoo better than to the cinema. . e. Peter likes to be a tractor driver better than to be a farmer. . f. We prefer to stay at home tonight. . g. Tony would rather watch sports on TV than play. Tony prefers h. Mr Ba likes to live in a city better than in the countryside. Mr Ba would rather i. I like to be a worker beter than to be a farmer. . j. He likes to be a supporter better than to be a player.
31. 15. THE VERB KEEP/FIND + O + ADJ S + V + O S + keep/find + O + adj S + find + it (unreal object ) + adj + to_inf a. The heavy traffic annoys the residents. The residents find . b. We must clean and tidy our school. We must keep . c. Some visitors to Britain get depressed by the weather. Some visitors to Britain find . d. Cark has no problems in marking friends. Cark finds it e. He found that it was difficult to tell them the truth. He found it f. English pronunciation confuses us. We find g. We think that learning English grammer is easy. We find . h. The office work doesn’t allow us to rest. The office work keeps . i. We shouldn’t pollute our environment. We should keep j. Her words embrrassed us. We found . 16. TOO + ADJ + TO_INFI. AND SO THAT a. S + be + too + adj + to_infi S + be + so + adj + that + ( S + can’t + V_infi ) b. S + V + too + adv + to_infi S + V + so + adv + that + ( S + can’t + V_infi ) a. This iron bar is too cold for the worker to strike. . b. The news is too good to be truth. . c. He spoke too fast for anybody to understand. d. This tea is too hot for him to to drink. e. The cake was too hard for me to eat.
32. . f. The production is too small to satisfy the need of our city. . g. The problem was too complicated for them to solve in a few months. h. The man was too tired to say a word. i. I think that my sister is too busy to help them. I think j. Peter is too young to take part in the club. 17. ADJ/ADV+ ENOUGH a. S + be + so + adj + that + S + V b. S + be + too + adj + to_inf S + be + adj + enough + to_inf c. S + V + so + adv + that+ S + V S + V + adv + enough + to_inf a. The water was so cold that children could not swim in it. . b. Mike is too young to see the horror film. c. He acted so well that the audience was moved to tears. . d. She isn’t very intelligent so she can’t do that exercises. e. The paper mill is very large so it can satisfy the need of the whole country. f. Those exercises are easy so they could finish them in half an hour. g. The policeman could not run very fast, so he was unable to catch the burglar. h. There is no much beer, so you can’t all have a drink. i. I am very tired so I must go to bed early. j. Peter is too young to ride a bike. 18. HAD BETTER
33. a. S + advise + O + to do sth b. S + ought to + do sth S + had beter + do sth Should a. Jonh advised Tom not to lend them any more money. b. “ I advised you to take a holiday.” The doctor continued. c. They are advised to travel by train. . d. I advised you to put your money in the bank. e. I advise you not to say anything like that again. f. You ought to haveyour car serviced every two years. . g. They should quit smoking. h. We should train ourselves to become good citizens. . i. She is advised to take part in the music festival. j. You ought to take a rest. 20. USED TO. TO BE USED TO a. S + be accustomed to + V_ing b. S + often + V S + be used to + V_ing c. This is the first time + The present perfect tense S + be not used to + V_ing a. They once started these machines by hand. b. He doesn’t get up late any more. c. I don’t listen to the radio any more. . d. They don’t have a dog any more. e. My brother doesn’t serve in the army any longer.
34. f. Ben is not as keen on travel as she used to be. g. When he was young, he usually did morning exercises in the park. h. The man often spent his holiday in the mountain when he was young. i. Before he had the car, he went to work by bike. j. When I was young , I often got up early. . . k. Janie isn’t accustomed to working so hard. . l. I often get up early. . m. My English friend finds driving on the right difficult. n. This is the first timethat I have lived in a city with a high crime rate. o. She has always got up early in the morning. q. Working a large office is a new experience for me. . r. My brother is accustomed to living in a cold climate. s. I don’t normaly go into town by car. . t. My grandmother is not accustomed to the cold weather. u. This is the first time my daughter has eaten European food. 21. NOT ONLY BUT ALSO a. S + V + both .and . b. S + V + O/C + and + O/C S + V + not only .but also c. S + V + and + S + V a. You are both funny and witty.
35. Not only b. She can enjoy a good meal and she can go fishing on the lake. She can not . c. They ate lamb chops and fish. d. The underground is quick and cheap. e. Mr Nam has read a novel by Shakespear and he has seen the film made from it. f. They like field events and they like team games. g. Daisy has both toothache and headache. . h. The pavements are both narrow and crowded. i. That boy was dirty and he was lazy, too. j. Mrs Phuong’s daughter is both beautiful and clever. 22. CAUSATIVE FORM 1. Causative active: S + get / ask / request / want + S.O + to do sth S + have + S.O + to do sth 2. Causative passive: S + have + sth + P.P a. Someone is going to repair my TV set tomorrow. I am going to . b. They had the porter carry their luggage to a taxi. They had their . c. They had an electrician rewire their house last month. They had their house . d. I am going to ask somebody to mend your bike. I am going to have e. They had an old man cut the grass in their garden. They asked . f. Tom wanted Peter to wash that car. Tom had g. He didn’t have anymore repair his son’s bike. He didn’t want
36. h. I requested them to carry suitcases to a taxi. I had them i. I asked my brother to fix the flat tyre yesterday. I had j. The teacher asks the girls to do needle work at home. The teacher has 23. ALTHOUGH AND IN SPITE OF Although + clause In spite of + Noun / gerund Despite a. We went on a picnic although the weather was cold. b. All of us will go to the meeting although it’s very far from here. c. Although Mr Chanh is nearly seventy, he still likes to participate in every community activity. d. . Although his knowledge of English is still poor, Nam gets along very well in class discussion. . e. Minh came to class in this morning although he had a bad cold. f. Old Mr Ba attended the tree planting ceremony although the weather was awfully sultry. . g. The people of HCM City will accomplish the “ green revolution” victoriously although water scarce. h. Our country will become prosperous and powerful although we have to overcome many difficulties and hardships. i. The guerillas will win the battle although the fascist government has many modern weapons. j. The first-year students worked all afternoon in the trenches although it rained heavily. . 24. BE NECESSARY AND HAVE TO S + don’t need to S + be + not necessary / pointless S + don’t have to 1 There is no need to S + needn’t a. It isn’t necessary to shout. You
37. b. It is pointless to repair that old typewriter. That old c. . It isn’t necessary to make an appointment to see the bank manager. There is no d. In the event, the extra insurance we took out wasn’t necessary. In the event, we needn’t . e. It isn’t necessary for you to finish by Saturday. f. It isn’t necessary to have any previous experience to apply for the job. g. It isn’t necessary for us to repay the loan. h. It isn’t necessary for me to explain all the recent absenteeism. i. It isn’t necessary for you to do the test. j. It will be necessary for her to give up her job soon. Soon she 27. PROUD-PRIDE: S + be proud of S + pride + oneself + on. a. Miss Nga is proud of her cooking. b. She is proud of being such a good cook. c. We must be proud of our country. d. She is proud of having saved the drowned child. e. Everybody is proud of what they do. f. The girl is proud of her beauty. g. The boy prides himself on his success. h. He prides himself on remaining calm in an emergency. i. My parents pride themselves on making us what we are today. j. The president prides himself on the development of the nation’s economy. 28. IT’S HIGH TIME: It’s high time + S + past subjunctive a. You really should be able to dress yourself by now. It’s high time you . b. “It’s time for you to go to the hospital,” Sam said to Hellen. “It’s time you . c. When is the council going to do something about the city’s traffic problems? It’s high time something
38. d. I had better get back to work. e. The government should really do something about air pollution. f. Children should be in bed by now. g. We ought to find out how much it’s going to cost. h. We haven’t visited Uncle Peter for ages. . i. We ought to find out why he is in London. . . 29. WOULD RATHER + CLAUSE AND IF ONLY 1. If only + past subjunctive Past perfect subjunctive 2. S + would rather + S + subjunctive a. “It’s silly of you to worry so much!” Helen answered, laughing. “ If only you b. What a pity he didn’t spend more time revising. If only . c. Would you mind not smoking in here? I’d rather . d. You should admit that you’re to blame, not try to conceal it. e. I would prefer you not to smoke in here. f. I don’t want you to smoke in here. g. Please don’t interupt me when I am speaking. . h. Please don’t tell him. . i. I would prefer you to deliver the sofa on Saturday. DOUBLE COMPARISON SO SÁNH KÉP
39. 1. Comparative and comparative (càng ngày càng) § Để miêu tả sự việc ngày càng phát triển về chất lượng, số lượng, v.v , chúng ta dùng cấu trúc: short adjective- er and short adjective- er more and more + long adjective (ngày càng) Ví dụ: - Because he was afraid, he walked faster and faster. - The living standard is getting better and better. - Life in the modern world is becoming more and more complex. - The tests are more and more difficult. 2. The comparative the comparative (càng thì càng ) § Khi hai vật hay hai sự việc thay đổi cùng cấp độ, chúng ta dùng hình thức so sánh hơn ở cả hai mệnh đề để diễn tả điều này. Cấu trúc: the + short adj. / adv.- er + S + V , the + short adj. / adv. - er + S + V the more + long adj. / adv. + S + V , the more + long adj. / adv. + S + V the + short adj. / adv.- er + S + V , the more + long adj. / adv. + S + V the more + long adj. / adv. + S + V , the + short adj. / adv. - er + S + V Ví dụ: - The harder you study, the more you will learn. - The older he got, the quieter he became. - The more she studied, the more she learned. - The warmer the weather is, the better I like it. - The faster you drive, the more likely you are to have an accident. 30. DOUBLE COMPARATIVES: If + S2 + V2 + comparative adj / adv + S1 + V1 a. If you work harder, you make more products. The harder you work, b. If you have a better job, you get higher pay. The better the job, c. If you are happier, you look younger. The happier d. If there are more people, it will be better. The more people . e. If they rise higher, they will fall harder. The higher f. If it rains and rains, you feel more like not going out. The more it rains . g. If you get here sooner, we’ll be able to start out sooner.
40. The sooner . h. If you hear more about it, you become more anxious. The more you . i. If the letter is heavier, you have to put more stamps on it. The heavier the letter j. If you travel to more places, you find out more about the world. The more places Câu Đảo ngữ thường được dùng để nhấn manh về một sự việc hay một chủ thể nhất định được để cập tới trong câu. Câu đảo ngữ là dạng câu đem động từ (hoặc trợ động từ) ra trước chủ từ hoặc đảo ngữ Sau đây là một số dạng đảo ngữ thường gặp: 2. 1. Đảo ngữ với NO và NOT No + N + Auxiliary + S + Verb (inf) Not any + N + Auxiliary + S + Verb (inf) EX: No money shall I lend you from now on. (= Not any money shall I lend you from now on.) Note: 2. Đảo ngữ với các trạng từ phủ định: Never, Rarely, Seldom, Little, Hardly ever, Never/ Rarely/ Seldom /Little/ Hardly ever + Auxiliary + S + V Never in Mid-summer does it snow. Hardly ever does he speak in the public. Note: 3. Đảo ngữ với ONLY Only once Only later
41. Only in this way Only in that way Only then + Auxiliary + S + V Only after + N Only by V_ing/ N Only when + clause Only with + N Only if+ clause Only in adv of time/ place EX: Only once did I meet her. Only after all guests had gone home could we relax. Only when I understand her did I like her. Only by practising English every day can you speak it fluently. Note: 4. Đảo ngữ với các cụm từ có No At no time On no condition On no account + Auxiliary + S + N Under/ in no circumstances For no reason In no way No longer EX: For no reason shall you play truant. The money is not to be paid under any circumstances. (= Under no circumsstances is the money tobe paid.) On no condition shall we accept their proposal. Note: 5. No sooner . than Hardly/ Bearly/ Scarely When/ before EX: No sooner had I arrived home than the telephone rang. Hardly had she put up her umbrella before the rain becam down in torrents. Note:
42. 6. Đảo ngữ với Not only . but also Not only + Auxiliary + S + V but . also . Not only is he good at English but he also draws very well. Not only does he sing well but he also plays musical instruments perfectly. Note: 7. Đảo ngữ với SO So + Adj/ Adv + Auxiliary + S + V + that-clause (mệnh đề danh từ) So dark is it that I can’t write. So busy am I that I don’t have time to look after myself. So difficult was the exam that few student pass it. So attractive is she that many boys run after her. 3. 8. So + adjective + be + N + clause So intelligent is that she can answer all questions in the interview. 4. 9. Đảo ngữ với until/ till + clause/ Adv of time + Auxiliary + S + V EX: I won’t come home till 10 o’clock. (=Not until/ till o’clock that I will come home.) (= It is not until 10 o’clock that I will come home.) I didn’t know that I had lost my key till I got home. (= Not until/ till I got home did I know that I had lost my key.) 5. 10. Đảo ngữ với No where + Aux (Trợ động từ) + S + V No where in the Vietnam is the scenery as beautiful as that in my country. No where do I feel as comfortable as I do at home. No where can you buy the goods as good as those in my country. 11. Đảo ngữ với câu điều kiện a. Câu điều kiện loại 1: If-clause = Should +S + V Should she come late, she will miss the train. Should he lend me some money, I will buy that house.
43. b. Câu điều kiện loại 2: If-clause = Were S + to-V/ Were + S If I were you, I would work harder = Were I you, I If I knew her, I would invite her to the party = Were I to know her, I c. Câu điều kiện loại 3 : If-clause = Had + S + V3 If my parents had encouraged me, I would have passed exam. (= Had my parents encouraged me, I ) II. CẤU TRÚC: 1. USED TO + V1 : Ñaây laø caáu truùc duøng mieâu taû thoùi quen , moät vieäc thöôøng xaûy ra trong quaù khöù. Ex: When I was young, I used to look after my younger brothers. Lưu yù: + Used to + V1 -> chæ thoùi quen trong quaù khöù (past habit) Ex: When he was a boy, he used to go swimming. + To be + used to+ V-ing -> chæ thoùi quen hoaëc vieäc thöôøng xaûy ra ôû hieän taïi (present habit) To get + used to+ V-ing -> trôû neân quen vôùi Ex : I am used to reading in the library. 2. To take someone to somewhere (a place) = ñöa ai ñi ñeán ñaâu, daãn ai ñi ñeán ñaâu Ex: My mother takes me to 29-3 park every weekend. 3. Wish sentence: Ñaây laø caâu töôûng töôïng hoaøn toaøn khoâng coù söï thật, mơ ước. Vì theá ñoäng töø khoâng theo ñuùng thì cuûa noù. Hiện tại S + V-ed / V2 (simple past) Động từ tobe: duøng WERE cho caùc ngoâi Quá khứ S + had + V-ed / V3 (past participle) Tương lai S + would / should / could + V1 Ex : - I wish I spoke English fluently. - We wish my mother had been here with us last year. - He wishes he would come to my party. 4. Preposition of time ( Giôùi töø chæ thôøi gian ) : at, in ,on, from . . . to, for, by - AT : + moät ñieåm thôøi gian cuï theå Ex : We have class at one o’clock. + night Ex : I sleep at night. - IN : + thaùng/naêm cuï theå Ex : I was born 1994 + the morning/afternoon / evening Ex : We have class in the morning. - ON: + ngaøy trong tuaàn Ex : We have class on Monday. + ngaøy thaùng naêm Ex: I was born on April 6, 2006
44. - FROM + moät ñieåm thôøi gian + TO + moät ñieåm thôøi gian Ex: We have class from 7.00 to 10.15 - FOR: + moät khoaûng thôøi gian : ñeå noùi raèng moät caùi gì ñoù dieãn ra bao laâu roài Ex : We walked for 2 hours to reach the waterfall. - BY: + moät ñieåm thôøi gian Ex: Can you finish the work by five o’clock. 5. Adverb clauses of result ( Meänh ñeà traïng ngöõ chæ keát quaû) .5 1.1 1 S + V + so + adjective / Adverb + that + S + V Ex: The soup tastes so good that everyone will ask for more. 6. Adverb clauses of reason ( Meänh ñeà traïng ngöõ chæ lyù do ) - Meänh ñeà naøy thöôøng ñöôïc giôùi thieäu baèng “because”, “as” , “since” chuùng ñeàu coù nghóa laø “vì” Ex: The flight to New York was cancelled because the fog got thicker. 7. Adverb clauses of cocession ( Meänh ñeà traïng ngöõ chæ söï nhöôïng boä) Mặc dù Although / Though / Even though + S + V + O In spite of/ Despite + cuïm danh töø Ex: Although he had a bad cold , he went to class. Or: In spite of a bad cold, he went to class. 8. If clause ( Meänh ñeà If ) : Meänh ñeà IF coøn ñöôïc goïi laø Conditional Clause ( Meänh ñeà ñieàu kieän) hoaëc Adverbial Clause of condition ( Meänh ñeà traïng ngöõ chæ ñieàu kieän ) Type If clause Main clause Example 0 S + V1 S + V1 Luôn luôn đúng 1 S + V1 Will/can/may + V1 If it rains, I’ll stay at home Có thể xảy ra trong hiện tại 2 S + V2/ ED Would/Could/Might If I lived near your house, I would take không thể xảy ra ở hiện tại + V1 you to school everyday 3 S + had + V3 Would/Could/Might He would passed his exam if he had không thể xảy + studied harder. ra ở quá khứ have +V3/Ved Lưu ý: + Conditional sentences ( Type 1) - Moät soá bieán theå cuûa meänh ñeà chính ta thöôøng gaëp: If + simple present + may/might/can/ Ex: If the rain gets heavier, our date may be cancelled. - Moät soá bieán theå cuûa meänh ñeà if ta thöôøng gaëp: If + present continuous + simple future Ex: If you are staying for a week, we will get you a better room. + Conditional sentences ( Type 2) - Bieán theå cuûa meänh ñeà chính: Daïng ñieàu kieän tieáp dieãn coù theå duøng thay theá daïng ñieàu kieän ñôn:
45. Ex: My older sister is spending her holidays in Da Lat. If had a chance, I might be staying there a week. - Daïng bieán theå cuûa meänh ñeà if: Thay vì duøng thì quaù khöù ñôn ,ta coù theå duøng thì quaù khöù tieáp dieãn hoaëc quaù khöù hoaøn thaønh Ex: If he had studied harder, he could get high position in this company. 10. Adjective+ that clause S + be + adjective hoaëc past partiple + that + noun clause Ex : I am happy that you had a new car. Note: Meänh ñeà “ that clause” coù theå ñöôïc duøng vôùi moät soá tính töø nhö : AFRAID, GLAD, SORRY, SURE, EAGER, ANXIOUS, HAPPY, PLEASE, ANNOYED, PROUD, . . . 9. Adjectives and adverbs ( Caùc tính töø vaø traïng töø ) a- Tính töø : - boå nghóa cho danh töø Ex: An interesting book - Caùch thaønh laäp tính töø : + Theâm tieáp ñaàu ngöõ (prefix) vaøo tröôùc ñoäng töø : a+verb adjective Ex: a+ live => alive + Theâm tieáp vò ngöõ (suffix) vaøo sau ñoäng töø hoaëc danh töø : * Verb + ed adjective Ex: please + ed pleased (haøi loøng) * Noun + en adjective Ex: wood + en wooden ( baèng goã) * Noun + ful / less adjective Ex: hope + ful hopeful (nhieàu hy voïng) * Noun + ly adjective Ex : love + ly lovely ( deã thong) * Noun + y adjective Ex: rain + y rainy (coù möa) * Noun + ern adjective Ex: south + ern southern (thuoäc mieàn baéc) * Noun + ish adjective Ex: child + ish childish ( coù veû nhö con nít) 11. Connectives (töø noái – lieân töø) * AND (vaø): duøng ñeå noái hai töø hoaëc hai meänh ñeà coù cuøng giaù trò . Eõx: Lan likes cats and dogs. * BUT (nhöng) : duøng ñeå noái hai caâu coù nghóa traùi ngöôïc nhau. Ex: They have a lot of money, but they’re not very happy. * SO (vì theá, vì vaäy):duøng trong meänh ñeà chæ keát quaû. Noù ñöùng tröôùc meänh ñeà maø noù giôùi thieäu Ex: He’s ill so he stays at home. * THEREFORE (vì theá) : duøng thay cho SO trong tieáng Anh trang troïng Ex: The weather was too bad, our plan, therefore, had been changed. * HOWEVER ( tuy nhieân) ñöùng tröôùc hoaëc theo sau meänh ñeà maø noù giôùi thieäu hoaëc noù ñi sau töø hoaëc cuïm töø ñaàu tieân. Ex: I will offer my cat to Hoa. However, he may not like it. * BECAUSE (bôûi vì ) duøng ñeå chæ lyù do Ex: She didn’t go to the zoo because she was ill.
46. Löu yù: Chuùng ta coù theå duøng “because of” thay vì “ because” because + S + V because of + noun (phrase) Ex: I was late because of the traffic jam. ( keït xe) * OR ( hay laø, hoaëc laø) Ex: Is your girl tall or short . 12. Relative clause ( Meänh ñeà quan heä ) 1. Defining relative clause : Meänh ñeà quan heä xaùc ñònh Chuû töø ( Subject) Taân ngöõ ( Object) Sôû höõu Duøng chæ ngöôøi Who Whom / Who (possessive) That That Whose Duøng chæ vaät Which Which Whose That That Of which * Relative pronoun: (Ñaïi töø quan heä ) : Duøng ñeå noái hai caâu rieâng bieät thaønh moät caâu.Noù thay theá cho moät trong hai cuïm danh töø gioáng nhau - WHO: Duøng theá cho cuïm danh töø chæ ngöôøi, thay theá cho cuïm danh töø ôû vò trí chuû ngöõ. Ex: My friend, Tuan, is very handsome. Tuan can sing folk song very well. => My friend, Tuan,who is very handsome can sing folk song very well. => My friend, Tuan, who can sing folk song very well is very handsome. - WHOM: Duøng thay theá cho cuïm danh töø chæ ngöôøi , ôû vò trí boåû ngöõ ( Complement) Ex: We are talking about the old lady. She is standing there. => The old lady about whom we are talking is standing there. - WHOSE: Laø ñaïi töø quan heä chæ söï sôû höõu . Noù thay theá cho danh töø chæ ngöôøi vaø vaät Ex: The film is about a poor-girl. Her boy friend leaves her to marry a rich woman. => The film is about a poor-girl whose boy friend leaves her to marry a rich woman. - WHICH: Duøng thay theá cho cuïm danh töø chæ ñoà vaät ,ôû vò trí chuû ngöõ vaø boå ngöõ. Ex: Auld Lang Syne is a song . Auld Lang Syne is sung on New Year’s Eve. => Auld Lang Syne is a song which is sung on New Year’s Eve. - THAT : Duøng thay theá cho WHO/WHICH * Relative adverb ( Traïng töø quan heä ) - WHEN: Coù theå duøng ñeå thay theá “on which” hoaëc “in which” (duøng ñeå chæ thôøi gian) Ex: The month when (in which) I was born. - WHERE: Coù theå thay theá cho “at which” hoaëc “in which” (duøng ñeå chæ nôi choán) Ex: The resort where I enjoyed. 2. Non-defining relative clauses : Meänh ñeà quan heä khoâng khoâng xaùc ñònh Chuû töø ( Subject) Taân ngöõ ( Object) Sôû höõu Duøng chæ ngöôøi Who Whom / Who (possessive) That That Whose Duøng chæ vaät Which Which Whose
47. That That Of which Meänh ñeà quan heä naøy ñöôïc ñaët sau nhöõng danh töø ñöôïc xaùc ñònh roài, vì theá nhöõng meänh ñeà naøy khoâng xaùc ñònh danh töø maø noù laøm roõ nghóa cho danh töø baèng caùch cung caáp theâm moät soá thoâng tin veà noù. Khoâng gioáng nhöõng meänh ñeà quan heä xaùc ñònh, chuùng khoâng nhaát thieát phaûi coù trong caâu, ta coù theå boû ñi maø caâu khoâng trôû neân maäp môø, chuùng ñöôïc taùch bieät vôùi danh töø maø chuùng theâm nghóa bôûi daáu phaûy (,) Ex: Mrs. Thom, who is my former teacher, likes bananas very much. 13. Reported speech ( lôøi noùi traàn thuaät) laø caâu thuaät laïi moät caùch giaùn tieáp lôøi noùi cuûa ngöôøi khaùc. Ñeå chuyeån töø tröïc tieáp sang caâu giaùn tieáp chuùng ta phaûi: * Moät soá thay ñoåi veà thì (Tense change) :- Neáu ñoäng töø thöôøng thuaät (reporting verb) cuûa caâu ôû thì quaù khöù thì phaûi luøi ñoäng töø chính veà quaù khöù moät baäc khi chuyeån töø lôøi noùi tröïc tieáp (direct speech) sang lôøi noùi giaùn tieáp (indirect / reported speech) theo quy taéc sau : Speaker’s words Reported statement will / shall would / should am / is / are going to was / were going to present simple past simple present continuous past continuous past continuous past perfect continuous present perfect past perfect past simple past perfect must had to can could * Moät soá chuyeån ñoåi khaùc (Some other changes) : Khi chuyeån töø lôøi noùi tröïc tieáp sang giaùn tieáp maø ñoäng töø töôøng thuaät ôû thì quaù khöù thì caùc traïng töø chæ thôøi gian vaø nôi choán vaø ñaïi töø chæ ñònh ñöôïc chuyeån ñoåi theo quy taéc sau : Directed Reported today that day tonight that night tomorrow the next day / the following day yesterday the day before /the previous day ago before now then next/ on Monday the next/ following Monday last Monday the previous Monday / the Monday before the day after tomorrow in two days’ time / two days later this that these those here there Ex: Direct speech : “ I’m leaving here tomorrow,” said Mary
48. Reported speech : Mary said (that) she was leaving there the next day 16. Making suggestion( Caâu ñeà nghò ) : Caâu ñeà nghò goàm nhieàu hình thöùc - Duøng“ Let’s/ Shall I/ Shall we + V1” dieãn ñaït ñeà nghò vôùi ngoâi thöù nhaát Ex: Let’s go to the zoo. - Duøng “Why don’t we/ Why don’t you + V1” dieãn ñaït ñeà nghò vôùi ngoâi thöù nhaát vaø ngoâi thöù hai. Ex: Why don’t we play chess ? -Ta coù theå duøng “ What about / How about + V-ing / Danh từ” (Baïn nghó sao ?) Ex: What about going to the theater ? - Duøng ñoäng töø “suggest”(ñeà nghò) hoaëc “propose” (ñeà nghò,gôïi yù ) + Suggest (+ Đại từ sở hữa ) +V-ing + O . Ex: I suggest (your) forgetting him. + Suggest that + S + thì hiện tại / should + O. Ex: I propose that the receptionists wear uniform. I suggest that we should go to a seaside resort. * try + to V = cố gắng 17. Gerunds vs Infinitive ( danh động từ và đông từ nguyên mẫu ): * Động từ đi cùng với -ing được gọi là danh động từ. Các danh động từ được sử dụng làm chủ ngữ , bổ ngữ và tân ngữ của câu. + Reading helps you learn English . ( chủ ngữ) + Her favorite hobby is reading ( bổ ngữ) + John enjoys riding bike . (tân ngữ) - Phủ định danh động từ bằng cách thêm “not” vào phía trước + The best thing for your health is not smoking. Danh động từ theo sau các động từ sau: Like, Love, Enjoy, Dislike, Hate, - admit (v) : Chấp nhận - imagine (v) tưởng tượng - anticipate ( v) : biết trước, đoán trước - involve (v) bao gồm - avoid ( v) tr¸nh khỏi - miss (v) bỏ lỡ, nhỡ tàu xe - keep = cotinnue (v) tiếp tục - pardon (v) xin lỗi - loathe ( v) ghê tởm , ghét - postpone(v) trì hoãn - mind (v) chú ý, lưu ý, để ý - practice (v) thực hành - consider (v) cân nhắc - prevent (v) ngăn cản - defer (v) trì hoãn, làm theo - propose (v) đề nghị , đưa ra - delay (v) hoãn lại - recollect (v) nhớ lại ,nhớ ra - detest (v) ghét cay đắng, ghê tởm - risk (v) liều lĩnh - finish (v) kết thúc - resist (v) kháng cự - fancy= imagine(v) tưởng tượng - resume (v) hồi phục lại, lấy lại - escape (v) trốn thoát - stop(= cease) dừng lại - excuse (v) tha thứ , bỏ qua - be worth trị gía, có gía trị - forgive (v) tha thứ - justify (v) bào chữa ,thanh minh - can’t bear (= can’t stand) không thể chịu đựng - can’t help không thể không - it’s no use (= it’s no good) vô ích - there’s no point (in) chẳng ích gì - Spend (one’s) time/ money bỏ thời gian/ tiền ra để
49. - Waste (one’s) time/ money phí thời gian/ tiền ra để Ex: He admitting cheating on the test. * Động từ nguyên mẫu là dạng động từ có to. Động từ nguyên mẫu có thể được sử dụng như chủ ngữ , bổ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ của câu. + To learn is important. ( chủ ngữ) + The most important thing is to learn. ( bổ ngữ) + He wants to learn , ( tân ngữ) - Phủ định động từ nguen thể bằng cach them not vao phia trước. + The most important thing is not to give up. Động từ nguyên mẫu theo sau các động từ sau: - Agree (v) đồng ý - Aim (v) nhằm mục đích, mục tiêu - Appear (v) xuất hiện - Arrange (v) thu xếp, sắp xếp - Ask (v) hỏi, yêu cầu - Beg (v) van nài - Would like (v) muốn - Take (v) yêu cầu - Choose (v) lựa chọn - Invite (v) mời - Want (v) muốn - Learn (v) học - Hope (v) hy vọng - Decide (v) quyết định - Decline (v) suy giảm, từ chối - Demand (v) yêu cầu, đòi hỏi - Hope (v) hy vọng - Pretend (v) giả vờ - Promise (v) hứa - Prove (v) chứng minh - Threaten (v) đe doạ - Trouble (v) gây rắc rối - Swear (v) thề - Refuse (v) từ chối - Seem (v) dường như - Plan (v) lập kế hoạch - Prepare (v) chuẩn bị - Manage (v) quản lý, cố gắng - Determine (v) quyết tâm - Offer (v) tặng biếu, đưa ra đề nghị - Fail (v) thất bại - Happen (v) xảy ra
50. Ex: She seem not to sympathize with my friend. Những động từ đặc biệt: -> V + Ving: past or present action -> V + to V: future action * mean + Ving = có ý nghĩa * mean + to V = có ý định - need + Ving = mang nghĩa bị động (The house needs cleaning. ) - need + to V = cần phải - remember/ forget + Ving = nhớ/ quên đã làm việc gì - remember/ forget + to V = nhớ/ quên chưa làm việc gì - regret + Ving = hối tiếc đã làm gì - regret + to V = tiếc phải làm gì ( thường đi với những đtừ thppng báo: inform, tell, ) - stop + Ving = ngừng hẳn - stop + to V = ngừng để làm việc gì * try + Ving = thử SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO KỲ THI TUYỂN SINH LỚP 10 PTTH TIỀN GIANG Năm học 2017-2018 Mã đề 789 ĐỀ THI CHÍNH THỨC MÔN THI: TIẾNG ANH Thời gian: 60 phút (không kể thời gian giao đề) (Đề thi có 06 trang, gồm 32 câu trắc nghiệm và 2 bài viết luận) I. PHẦN CHUNG (bắt buộc): (6.0 points) Questions 1-12: Pick out ONE best option to complete each of the following sentences. (3.0 points) 1. I wish I a bit taller now so I can apply for a job. A. am B. will be C. were D. had been 2. Paul Mauriat plays the piano. He is a A. music B. musical C. musically D. musician 3. ~ John: "Excuse me?" ~ Mary: " " A. Yes? B. No. C.Yes, please. D. No, thanks. 4. She'll be coming tonight. I don't know exactly when. A. although B. because C. unless D. when 5. We stopped bought some fruit. A. and B. but C. or D. so 6. I am very interested mathematics. A. at B. about C. in D. on 7. The people called yesterday want to buy the house. A. what B. whose C. whom D. who 8. Rowling wrote Harry Potter, ? A. did they B. didn't they C. did she D. didn't she 9. I for them even if they me twice my current salary. A. will work - pay B. wouldn't work - pay C. work - will pay D. wouldn't work - paid 10. We are glad . A. you gain the scholarship B. that you gain the scholarship C. that you to gain the scholarship D. to that you gain the scholarship 11. The electric light bulb by Edison in 1879. 50
51. A. invented B. is invented C. was invented D. has invented 12. "I'll take the cooking class before I go to college," said Jack. A. Jack said that before he goes to college, he'll take a cooking class. B. Jack told that before he went to college, he'd take a cooking class. C. Jack said that I'd take a cooking class before I went to college. D. Jack said that he'd take a cooking class before he went to college. Questions 13-14: Pick out the word that has the main stressed syllable pronounced differently from the others. (0.5 point) 12. A. climate B. language C. machine D. wonder 14. A. history B. interest C. museum D. uniform Questions 15-16: Pick out the word that has the underlined syllable pronounced differently from the others. (0.5 point) 15. A. beds B. groups C. jams D. skills 16. A. bulbs B. cut C. put D. shut Questions 17-18: Pick out the word that is of the different topic (or part of speech) from the others. (0.5 point) 17. A. tourist B. traveller C. villager D. visitor 18. A. beef B. egg C. meat D. rice Questions 19-24: Read the passage below then pick out ONE best option (A, B, C, or D) to complete each of the following sentences. (1.5 points) Sydney was founded as a British colony in 1788. Sydney was the first everlasting European settlement in Australia and today it is the country's largest city area, with about 4 million residents. Sydney is the seat of state government as the capital of New South Wales, Australia's most populous and economically important state. The city is an active cultural centre with a varied economy based on service industries, tourism, manufacturing, and international commerce. Its port is one of the leading centers of intercontinental trade in the Asia-Pacific region. Sydney is located on Australia’s southeastern coast at Port Jackson, a large, sheltered, deep-water inlet of the Tasman Sea. Sydney is well-known for its Opera House. The Sydney Opera House is the centerpiece of the city’s places for live performances of ballet, opera, and classical music. The Australian Opera, Australian Ballet, and Sydney Dance companies regularly stage performances there. Moreover, the place often hosts internationally touring performances. Sydney also has many places for musical theater, drama, and popular music. The Sydney Theatre Company is one of many successful theatre companies in the city. Sydney is also home to the internationally praised Australian Chamber Orchestra and Sydney Symphony Orchestra. The cultural life of Sydney is exciting and varied, reflecting the multicultural nature of the city. Many festivals, parades, and outdoor concerts cheer up the city streets in the summer months. Annual events include the Sydney Festival in January and February, the Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras in March, the Royal Easter Show in April, and the multicutural festival Carnivale in September and October. Sydney has also become world renowned for its street parties and fireworks on New Year's Eve and on Australia Day, celebrated on Sydney's Founding date, January 26. (Microsoft ® Encarta V 2009 © 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.) (Source: 19. According to the first paragrpah, the following are true of Sydney EXCEPT A. It was set up in the 18th century. B. Europe had it as the first settlement in Australia. C. Now Sydney is the capital of Australia. D. Today it has a population of nearly 4 million people. 20. The word intercontinental in the first paragraph could be best replaced with A. within continents B. into continents C. out of continents D. between continents 21. According to the second paragraph, which of the following is TRUE of the Sydney Opera House? A. International film festivals are held here. B. This place hosts live modern music programs. 51
52. C. Plays are not performed here. D. This building makes Sydney famous. 22. In the last paragrpah, the word “annual” means A. each year B. every year C. yearly D. all year round 23. From the passage, it can be inferred that Sydney was established A. on New Year’s Eve, 1791 B. in April, 1789 C. in October, 1790 D. in January, 1788 24. What is the best title for the passage? A. Sydney’s Cultural Life B. History of Sydney C. The Sydney Opera House D. Sydney In People’s Views III. PHẦN RIỀNG (tự chọn): (4.0 points) (Thí sinh chọn 1 trong 2 chương trình hiện hành hoặc chương trình mới) Questions 25-32: Pick out ONE best option (A, B, C, or D) to fill in each numbered blank, completeing the meaning of the passage. (2.0 points) Before the (25) of newspapers, town criers would go through city streets ringing a bell. They shouted the latest news as they were walking. In Vietnam people love reading newspapers and magazines. The Tuoi Tre is one of the (26) newspapers and is widely read by young and old alike. Thanks to television people can get the latest information and enjoy interesting programs in an inexpensive and convenient way. Nowadays, viewers can watch a (27) of local and international programs on different channels. The next stage in the development of television is interactive TV. Viewers are able to ask questions about the show (28) their remote controls. The Internet has (29) developed and become part of our everyday life. People find the Internet useful. People use the Internet for many purposes. Some access the Internet to look for information, some surf the web for entertainment and (30) rely on the Internet as a means of education. The mass media plays an important (31) in collecting and passing on information. The information may be local, national or international. It can cover a wide range of topics, from news and weather to entertainment. News stories contain information about politics, the economy and such international affairs (32) wars or natural disasters. (Adapted from English 9, p. 40, Giao Duc Publishing House) 25. A. invent B. inventor C. inventory D. invention 26. A. less popular B. more popular C. least popular D. most popular 27. A. amount B. deal C. variety D. plenty 28. A. by using B. and use C. to use D. of using 29. A. carefully B. immediately C. increasingly D. fortunately 30. A. others B. other C. the other D. another 31. A. duty B. role C. task D. work 32. A. so that B. because of C. in spite of D. as 2. Tự Luận: (2 points) Writing: Thí sinh làm cả 2 bài luận dưới đây. a) Your class wants to help the poor in the neighbourhood. As a leader of the class, write a speech to make suggestions, using the prompts: (1.0 point) - collect unused clothes - organize a show to raise money - give lessons to poor children - help elderly people and war invalids with their chores 52
53. Begin with: “Good evening, ladies and gentlemen.I’m going to tell you how to help the poor. First, I suggest ” b) Your friends want to improve their English. As their best friends, write a speech to make suggestions, using the prompts: (1.0 point) - work harder on your pronunciation - write sentences with new words - speak English in class - buy a good dictionary Begin with: “Hi, guys. I’m going to tell you how to improve your English. First, I suggest .” B. CHƯƠNG TRìNH MỚI: 1. Trắc Nghiệm Đọc Hiểu: Questions 25-32: Pick out ONE best option (A, B, C, or D) to fill in each numbered blank, completeing the meaning of the passage: (2.0 points) The International Space Station (ISS) is a large spacecraft which was launched in 1998. It orbits the Earth and is the place where astronauts live and conduct research in a microgravity (25) Below is about the day in the life of an astronaut aboard the International Space Station. Astronauts sleep in sleeing bags. The microgravity makes them (26) . They have to attach themselves so they don’t float about. Hair is washed with a “rinseless” shampoo that does not need water. For toothbrushing, a small (27) of water is used with toothpaste and then swallowed. The crew spend their day doing science experiments. They also carry out checks for the maintenance of the station. The Mission Control Centre on Earth (28) their operations. The astronauts eat various foods (29) fruits, nuts, chicken, beef, seafood, brownies, salt and pepper (in liquid forms), etc. Drinks include coffee, tea, and fruits juice (all packaged). Foods can be heated up or kept cool with special machines. A popular pastime while orbiting Earth is (30) looking out of the windows to admire its beauty. In their free time, astronauts exercise, watch movies, play music, read books, play cards, and talk to their families. How are astronauts trained? Anyone can apply to train as an astronaut as long as they have a bachelor’s degree in science, mathematics or engineering, experience as a jet pilot, and are (31) If they get accepted, there are several phases of training. The first phase requires them to pass a swimming test in a flight suit. They take parabolic flights that produce weightlessness. They also learn about various spaceship systems. In the second phase, they are trained to operate spacecraft systems and deal with emergencies. The training often (32) in a water tank laboratory so that trainees become familiar with crew activities in simulated microgravity in order to perform spacewalks. (Adapted from TiếngAnh 9, p. 52, Giao Duc Publishing House) 25. A. environment B. area C. sky D. society 26. A. weight B. weightless C. overweight D. weighty 27. A. sum B. group C. number D. amount 28. A. avoids B. supports C. prevents D. warns 29. A. as for B. because of. C. such as D. in spite of 30. A. simple B. simply C. simplicity D. simpler 31. A. in bad shape B. in ill health C. in good mood D. in good health 32. A. arrives at B. cares for C. takes place D. looks after 2. Tự Luận: (2 points) Writing: Thí sinh làm cả 2 bài luận dưới đây. 53
54. a) A visitor has a day to spend in your hometown/city. As a guide to the town/city. Write a paragraph to give advice, using the prompts: (1.0 point) - For entertaining, you/go/the Museum of History. You/spend/time/look round and explore Vietnamese culture. - For culture, you/go/craft village. You/learn how to make pottery/learn to paint on/ceramics - For education, you/go/botanical garden. You/climb up the hill/read books at the top/feed the pigeons Begin with: “Welcome.I’m going to tell you how to spend yout time in the town/city. For entertaining, I suggest ” b) Your friends want to improve their English. As their best friends, write a speech to make suggestions, using the prompts: (1.0 point) - work harder on your pronunciation - write sentences with new words - speak English in class - buy a good dictionary Begin with: “Hi, guys. I’m going to tell you how to improve your English. First, I suggest .” SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO KÌ THI TUYỂN SINH LỚP 10 TIỀN GIANG Năm học 2017 - 2018 MÔN THI: TIẾNG ANH ĐÁP ÁN (Đáp án gồm có 4 trang) ĐỀ THI CHÍNH THỨC I. Hướng dẫn chấm thi: - Tổng điểm toàn bài thi: 10,0 điểm. - Chấm sát đáp án biểu điểm. II. Đáp án và thang điểm: A/. PHẦN TRẮC NGHIỆM KHÁCH QUAN: = 8,0 điểm Từ 1 tới 32 (0,25 điểm/câu) CÂU MÃ ĐỀ 789 1 C 2 D 3 A 4 A 5 A 6 C 7 B 54
55. 8 D 9 D 10 B 11 C 12 D 13 C 14 C CÂU MÃ ĐỀ 789 15 B 16 C 17 C 18 D 19 C 20 D 21 D 22 C 23 D 24 D Tự Hiện Mới chọn hành 25 D A 26 D B 27 C D 28 A B 29 C C 30 A B 31 B D 32 D C CHÚ Ý: - Lỗi chính tả: 4 lỗi : Trừ 0,25 điểm - Nếu viết sai chủ đề: Không cho điểm ; - Chép lại đề tuyệt đối : Không cho điểm HẾT 55
56. SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO KỲ THI TUYỂN SINH VÀO LỚP 10 THPT NĂM HỌC KHÓA NGÀY Đề chính thức Môn thi: TIẾNG ANH Ngày thi: Thời gian làm bài: 60 phút (không kể thời gian phát đề) Part 1: Pick out TWO WORDS whose underlined parts are pronounced /z/ (0,5 m) surfs wanders responds lifts stops Part 2: Choose the word or phrase in brackets that best completes each sentence. (2,0ms) 1. Maryam was impressed because Ha Noi was different (in/ on/ from/ to) Kuala Lumpur. 2. There is (a/ an/ the/ many) small bamboo forest at the entrance to the village. 3. Miss Chi (said/ said to/ told/ told to) . she would go to Hue the following year. 4. Nobody has finished the English test, (hasn’t it/ haven’t they/ has it/ have they) . ? 5. Viet Nam is a country (where/ which/ in which/ in that) . exports a lot of rice. 6. The flowers you sent me were beautiful (but/ and/ although/ however) . they really helped to cheer me up. 7. “Would you mind if I took a photo?” - “(No, I don’t mind/ Not at all/ Wow, please/ Thank you) ” 8. Have you ever (lost contact with/ taken part in/ been out of/ kept in touch with) a swimming race? Part 3: Give the correct form of the verb in brackets. (1,5 m) 1. Many visitors (come) to Ho Chi Minh’s Mausoleum every day. 2. Last week, my friend (invite) me to join his family on a day trip to his home village. 3. Traditional designs and symbols (add) to the ao dai for several years. 4. If the rice paddies are polluted, the rice plants (die) . . 5. Would you like (go) . for a swim tomorrow morning? 6. Hoa enjoys (cook) on weekends. Part 4: Give the correct form of the word in brackets. (1m) 1. Reading books is helpful to develop the students’(know) . . 2. Vietnamese people are (pride) of their traditional celebrations. 3. There is always a traffic jam here. The road needs to be (wide) . 4. Comsumers want products that will not only work (effect) but also save money. Part 5: Read the following passage carefully and do the following tasks: (1,5m) A. Complete each space with one of the words given below. Make changes if necessary. Number 0 is an example. (1,0m) cross start for city countryside only The Golden Gate Bridge (0) crosses the San Francisco Bay, a (1) body of water. In the early days of San Francisco, the bay was (2) crossed by boat, but as the city grew larger, a faster way to cross the bay was needed. In 1929, Present Hoover and California Governor Young (3) . making plans for the Golden gate Bridge. Construction of the bridge began in 1933 and the bridge was finally completed in 1937. Since then, the bridge has become one of the main tourist (4) . San Francisco. B. Answer the following questions. (0,5m) 1. Does the Golden Gate Bridge cross the San Francisco? 2. When did construction of the bridge start? Part 6: Complete the following paragraph, using the phrases A-F given below. There are more phrases than needed. (1,0) A. stored for a number of days D. the use of coal and gas, oil or nuclear power B. controlled lots of sources of energy E. different kinds of waste in different places C. placed on the roof of a house F. power for the total population At present, most of our electricity comes from (1) . This power could be provided by the sun. One percent of the solar energy that reaches the Earth is enough to provide (2) . Many countries are already using solar energy. Solar panels are (3) and the Sun’s energy is used to heat water. The energy can be (4) . , so on cloudy days you can use solar energy too. Part 7: Complete each second sentence, using the word given in bold at the end so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence. Do not change the word given in any way. (2,5 ms) 1. I can’t go on a trip with my family. (could) I wish I with my family. 2. We are making efforts to protect our environment. (made) Efforts . our environment. 3. In spite of trying hard, he didn’t succeed. (although) He . . hard. 56
57. 4. Lan said, “Let’s come here tomorrow.” (coming) Lan suggested after. Part 8: Put the words or phrases in the correct order to make meaningful sentences. (0,5m) 1. have/ that/ I’m/ people/ spoiled/ this/ disappointed/ area. 2. students / uniforms/ makes/ comfortable/ feel/ equal/ equal/ Wearing/ and. The end SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO KỲ THI TUYỂN SINH VÀO LỚP 10 THPT NĂM HỌC 2015-2016 Môn thi: TIẾNG ANH Đề chính thức Ngày thi: Thời gian làm bài: 60 phút (không kể thời gian phát đề) Part 1: Pick out TWO WORDS whose underlined parts are pronounced /z/ (0,5 m) wanders responds Part 2: Choose the word or phrase in brackets that best completes each sentence. (2,0ms) 1. from 2. a 3. said 4. have they 5. which 6. and 7. Not at all 8. taken part in Part 3: Give the correct form of the verb in brackets. (1,5 m) 1. come 2. invited 3. have been added 4. will die 5. to go 6. cooking Part 4: Give the correct form of the word in brackets. (1m) 1. knowledge 2. proud 3. widened 4. effectively Part 5: Read the following passage carefully and do the following tasks: (1,5m) A. Complete each space with the words given below. Make changes if necessary. Number 0 is an example. (1,0m) 1. dangerous 2. only 3. started 4. attractions B. Answer the following questions. (0,5 m) 1. No/ No, it doesn’t 2. Construction of the bdrige started in 1933. Part 6: Complete the following paragraph, using the phrases A-F given below. There are more phrases than needed. (1,0) 1D 2F 3C 4A Part 7: Complete each second sentence, using the word given in bold at the end so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence. Do not change the word given in any way. (2,5 ms) 1. I wish I could go on a trip with my family. 2. Efforts are being made to protect our environment. 3. He didn’t succeed although he tried hard. 4. Lan suggested coming there the day after. Part 8: Put the words or phrases in the correct order to make meaningful sentences. (0,5m) 1. I’m disappointed that people have spoiled this area. 2. Wearing uniforms makes students feel equal and comfortable (equal and comfortable). The end 57