Các cấu trúc so sánh trong Tiếng Anh Lớp 8 căn bản

Nội dung text: Các cấu trúc so sánh trong Tiếng Anh Lớp 8 căn bản

1. CÁC CẤU TRÚC SO SÁNH TRONG TIẾNG ANH CĂN BẢN 1. So sánh hơn và So sánh nhất So sánh hơn dùng để so sánh giữa 2 người, sự vật về một đặc điểm, đặc tính nào đó So sánh nhất dùng khi bạn muốn so sánh giữa 3 người, sự vật về một đặc điểm, đặc tính nào đó trở lên a. Tính/ trạng từ ngắn: Chỉ có 1 âm tiết So sánh hơn S + V + Short Adj/Adv – er + (than) + N/Pronoun Ví dụ: Anna is taller than Mary but Mary is older. (Anna cao hơn Mary nhưng Mary lại lớn tuổi hơn) Emma is much slimmer than when I last saw her. (Emma mảnh mai hơn rất nhiều so với lần trước tôi nhìn thấy cô ấy So sánh nhất S + V + the + Short Adj/Adv – est Ví dụ: That is the smallest camera I have ever seen. (Đó là chiếc máy ảnh nhỏ nhất tôi từng nhìn thấy) I’ll have whichever is (the) ripest. (Tôi sẽ ăn trái nào chín nhất) * Một số lưu ý khi áp dụng cấu trúc so sánh hơn/so sánh nhất với tính từ/ trạng từ ngắn: Một số trường hợp đặc biệt khi thêm đuôi -er vào tận cùng tính từ/trạng từ ngắn: – Tính/ trạng từ kết thúc bằng chữ “e” thì chỉ thêm “r” (với so sánh hơn) hoặc “st” (với so sánh nhất) Ví dụ: Large → larger → largest – Tính/ trạng từ kết thúc bằng 1 nguyên âm + 1 phụ âm thì phải nhân đôi phụ âm cuối rồi thêm -er/-est Ví dụ:Big → bigger → biggest Hot → hotter → hottest – Tính từ kết thúc bằng “y” thì phải chuyển “y” thành “i” rồi thêm “er” hoặc “est“ Ví dụ: Pretty → Prettier → Prettiest Weary → Wearier → Weariest – Với tính từ có 2 âm tiết nhưng kết thúc bằng “y, ow, er, et, el” vẫn áp dụng công thức so sánh của tính từ ngắn Ví dụ: Narrow → narrower → narrowest Happy → happier → happiest Quiet → quieter → quietest Clever → cleverer → cleverest – Đặc biệt có một số trạng từ chỉ có một âm tiết (đa số trạng từ có hai âm tiết) thì vẫn chia các từ này theo công thức so sánh hơn / so sánh nhất đối với trạng từ ngắn. Ví dụ: Fast (Adv) Nhanh → Faster/Fastest Hard (Adv) hết sức, cứng rắn → Harder/Fastest 1. It is . (high) house in the city. 2. I am (tall) in the class. 3. Yesterday was . (cold) day of this month. 4. She is (lazy) student in the class. 5. Nam is . (intelligent) boy in the class. 6. He is (bored) person I have ever met. 7. I am ( talkative) girl in the school. 8. He studied . ( hard). 9. Sam is ( rich) man in this city. 10. The text book is . (boring) book
2. Điền dạng đúng của tính từ theo các cấp bậc 1. My house is (big) than yours. 2. This flower is (beautiful) than that one. 3. This is the (interesting) book I have ever read. 4. Non-smokers usually live (long) than smokers. 5. Which is the (dangerous) animal in the world? 6. A holiday by the sea is (good) than a holiday in the mountains. 7. It is strange but often a coke is (expensive) than a beer. 8. Who is the (rich) woman on earth? 9. The weather this summer is even (bad) than last summer. 10. He was the (clever) thief of all. Bài 2: Hoàn thành các câu sau với đúng ngữ pháp của trạng từ hoạc tính từ 1. Once upon a time there were three little pigs who wanted to see the world. When the they left home, their mum gave them some advice: Whatever you do, do it the (good) you can. 2. So the three pigs wandered through the world and were the (happy) pigs you've ever seen. 3. They were playing (funny) games all summer long, but then came autumn and each pig wanted to build a house. 4. The first pig was not only the (small) but also the (lazy) of the pigs. 5. He (quick) built a house out of straw. 6. The second pig made his house out of wood which was a bit (difficult) than building a straw house. 7. The third pig followed his mum's advice and built a strong house out of bricks, which was the (difficult) house to build. 8. The pig worked very (hard) , but finally got his house ready before winter. 9. During the cold winter months, the three little pigs lived (extreme) (good) in their houses. 10. They (regular) visited one another and had the (wonderful) time of their lives. Bài 3: Điền vào chỗ trống dạng so sánh đúng của từ trong ngoặc. 1. He is (clever) . student in my group. 2. She can’t stay (long) .than 30 minutes. 3. It’s (good) . holiday I’ve had. 4. Well, the place looks (clean) .now. 5. The red shirt is better but it’s (expensive) . than the white one. 6. I’ll try to finish the job (quick). . 7. Being a firefighter is (dangerous) . than being a builder. 8. Lan sings (sweet) than Hoa 9. This is (exciting) . film I’ve ever seen. 10. He runs (fast) .of all. 11. My Tam is one of (popular) . singers in my country. 12. Which planet is (close) . to the Sun? 13. Carol sings as (beautiful) .as Mary, but Cindy sings the (beautiful) . 14. The weather this summer is even (hot) . than last summer. 15. Your accent is (bad) than mine. 16. Hot dogs are (good) .than hamburgers. 17. They live in a (big) . house, but Fred lives in a (big) . one. 18. French is considered to be (difficult) .than English, but Chinese is the (difficult) .language. 19. It’s the (large) . company in the country. Bài 4: Chọn đáp án đúng để điền vào chỗ trống trong các câu sau. 1.She is singer I’ve ever met.A. worse B. bad C. the worst D. badly 2. Mary is responsible as Peter.A. more B. the most C. much D. as 3. It is in the city than it is in the country.A. noisily B. more noisier C. noisier D. noisy 4. She sings among the singers I have known.A. the most beautiful B. the more beautiful C. the most beautifully D. the more beautifully 5. She is student in my class.A.most hard-working B. more hard-working C. the most hard-working D. as hard-working 6. The English test was than I thought it would be.A. the easier B. more easy C. easiest D. easier 7. English is thought to be than Math.A. harder B. the more hard C. hardest D. the hardest 8. Jupiter is planet in the solar system.A. the biggest B. the bigger C. bigger D. biggest 9. She runs in my class. A. the slowest B. the most slow C. the slowly D. the most slowly 10. My house is hers. A. cheap than B. cheaper C. more cheap than D. cheaper than 11. Her office is away than mine.A. father B . more far C. farther D. farer 12. Tom is than David. A. handsome B. the more handsome C. more handsome D. the most handsome 13. He did the test I did. A. as bad as B. badder than C. more badly than D. worse than