Tài liệu bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi Lớp 6+7

Nội dung text: Tài liệu bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi Lớp 6+7

1. PHẦN I Tài liệu bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi 6+7 TENSES S + V(s-es) S + don’t/ doesn’t +V1 Do/Does + S+V1? Everyday, usually, Present (be): am- is- are S+ am not/ isn’t/ aren’t Am/Is/Are + S+ ? after school, never, simple often, sometimes, always, Now, at the present, at Present the moment, at this S + am/is/are + V-ing S+am/is/are(not)+V-ing Am/ Is/Are +S+V-ing? progressive time, Look! Listen, !Be careful!. Hurry up! Give the correct form of these verbs: 1. The sun (set) in the West. 2. It usually (rain) in the summer. 3. They (build) the buildings at the moment. 4. Bees (make) honey. 5. They (get) on the scale now. 6. The earth (circle) the Sun once every 365 days. 7. Rivers usually (flow) to the sea. 8. Don’t worry. I (give) him your message when I (see) him. 9. Look! Jane (play) the guitar. Hurry up! The bus (come) . 10. I (not talk) to her at present. 11. How often she (go) fishing? - She (go) once a year. 12. your friends (be) students? -Yes, they (be) 13. the children (play) in the park at the moment? -No, they aren’t. They (learn) to play the piano. 14. .you (go) to school on Sundays? – Yes, I do. 15. My mother (cook) a meal now. She ( cook) everyday. 16. What your mother (do) . at this time? - She (make) a dress. 17. she often (go) to the cinema every weekend? 18. I don’t know. But she always (go) to the church on Sundays. 19. The students (not be) in class at present. 20. She always (wash) the dishes after meals. (do) an exercise on the present tenses at this moment and I (think) that I (know) how to use it now. 21. My mother sometimes (buy) vegetables at this market. 22. It (rain) much in summer. It (rain) now. 23. Daisy (cook) some food in the kitchen at present. She always (cook) in the morning. EXERCISES II 1
2. 1. Every morning , Linda ( get ) up at 6 . She ( have ) Breakfast at 6:10 . After breakfast , she ( brush ) her teeth . She ( go ) to school at 6:30 . She ( have ) lunch at 11:30 at school . 2 . We ( watch ) .T.V every morning . 3. I (do ) my homework every afternoon . 4 . Mai and Lan ( play ) .games after school . 5 . Vy ( listen ) to music every night . 6 . Where ( be ) your father now ? He ( read ) a newspaper . 7 . What .you ( do ) ? I ( be ) .a student . 8 . Where .you ( go ) .now ? I (go ) to the market . 9 . She is cooking and we ( do ) the housework . 10 . He isn`t in the room . He ( play ) in the garden . 11. Look ! The birds ( fly ) . 12 . I ( go ) .to school by bus every day , but today I ( go ) to school by bike . 13 . Listen ! Mai ( sing ) . 14 . They ( play ) volleyball every afternoon . They ( play ) volleyball now . 15 . Mai ( brush ) her teeth every morning . She ( brush ) her teeth now . 16 . Listen ! Lan ( play ) .the piano . 17 . Mai ( be ) .tired now . 18 . It is 6:00 p.m . Mary is at home . She ( have ) dinner with her family around six o` clock . 19 . Where is your father ? He is upstair . He ( watch ) T.V He always ( watch ) T.V at night . 20 . Our teacher ( live ) on Quang Trung street . 21 . §ao and Mai ( do ) the housework now . 22 . What your mother ( do ) .? She is cooking . 23 . How you ( go ) to school every day ? 24 . Nam ( go ) to work by car every day but today he ( take ) a bus . 25 . Where your father ( work ) ? In the hospital . 26 . Look ! The teacher ( come ) 27 . She is very clever . She ( speak ) .4 languagues. 28 . Steve often ( smoke ) .10 cigarettes a day . 29 . We usually ( have ) dinner at 7: 00 30 . Anne ( wash ) .her hair twice a week . 31 . Jane ( teach ) English to children . 32 . You ( meet ) .a lot of people . 33 . He often ( go ) .to the cinema . 34 . Food ( cost ) a lot of money . 35 . Listen ! Somebody ( sing ) 36 . She is tired . She ( want ) .to go home now . 37 . How often you ( read ) a newspaper ? 38 . “ Excuse me , but you ( sit ) in my place “ “ Oh , I am sorry “ 39 . “ I am sorry “ I ( not understand ) Please speak slowly. 40 . What time she ( finish ) work every day ? 41 . He ( not usually drive ) to work . He usually 2
3. ( walk ) 43 . Mozart ( play ) the piano when he ( be ) three . 44 . Many people prefer ( fly ) to ( go ) by sea . 45 . My mother ( go ) to the supermarket yesterday evening but she ( not buy ) . 46 He ( move ) to Paris in 1917 and ( spend ) 6 years in Paris . 47 . Teenagers like ( listen ) to the latest pop music . 48 . What .you ( do ) tomorrow morning . 49 . Children shouldn`t ( drink ) .coffee . It ( not be ) Good for their health . 50 . My family ( watch ) .T.V every night . But now we ( listen ) to pop music . 51 . Yesterday Nga father ( start ) .his new job . 52 . I ( meet ) her at the movie theater last night . 53 . He ( go ) .to the English club every Sunday . But last Sunday he ( not go ) there , he ( go ) to the City Museum . 54 . My mother ( make ) a dress now . 55 . Two years ago , she ( teach ) at a village school . 56 . We ( travel ) to Hue next week . 57 . What .you ( do ) yesterday morning . 58 . They usually ( have ) dinner at home , but they ( have ) dinner in a small restaurant yesterday evening . 59 . The children ( be ) .here ten minutes ago , but at the moment they ( play ) .in the jard . 60 . Could you ( show ) me the way to the bus stop . 61 . Lan and Hoa ( go ) to the post office now. 62 . Liz ( need ) .some stamps and envelopes . 63 . Hoa ( mail ) .this letter tomorrow . 64 . I need ( buy ) a phone card . 65 . He ( phone ) .his parents three or four times a week . 66 . Nam wants ( send ) this postcard to his penpal . 67 . We would like ( visit ) Ngoc Son Temple . 68 . My hair is dirty . I ( wash ) .it . 69 . We ( have ) an English test tomorrow. 70 . They usually ( paint ) their house blue . 71 . My father ( buy ) a new car 2 months ago . 72 . Nam ( help ) his father repair the radio at this time . 73 . I ( be ) busy last night , so I ( miss ) .a good film on T.V 74 . Mr Robinson ( watch ) T.V every night . 75 . Mrs Mai ( make ) .all her own clothes . At the moment she ( make ) a dress for her daughter . 76 . He ( teach ) .math at this school in 1986 . 77 . Every body ( wait ) .for the president in the hall now . 78 . You should ( go ) .to bed early . 79 . Lan ( be ) very tired when she ( catch ) a bad cold 2 days ago . 80 . She needs ( eat ) a lot of vegetables and fruit . 81 . I hope you ( feel ) better soon . 82 . He ( not come ) .to the meeting last week . 83 . My father never ( take ) .medicine . 84 . There ( be ) nobody there when I ( arrive ) yesterday . 85 . Yesterday , Hoa and her aunt ( go ) to the supermarket . 86 . I would like ( tell ) you about my family . 3
4. 87 . Vegetables often ( have ) .dirt from the farm on it . 88 . Be careful ! The children ( cross ) the street . 89 . I ( be ) .fourteen years old next week , and so will I . 90 . My father ( not watch ) .T.V last night . He ( read ) newspapers and magazines . 91 . You should ( add ) a little salt to the spinach when you boil it . 92 . When you ( buy ) this dress ? Two days ago . 93 . I hope you ( visit ) .Ha Noi soon . 94 . She would like ( buy ) some bananas . 95 . Hoa ( receive ) .a letter from her mother 2 days ago . 96 . It stopped ( hurt ) .afterwards . 97 . I like ( watch ) baseball . 98 . The children must ( be ) .back by six o`clock . 99 . Marconi ( invent ) radio . 100 . The disease ( spread ) fast now. 101 . You ought ( finish ) your home work before ( watch ) T.V 102 . Hoa ( have ) .a lot of friends in Hue . 103 . Nam and Trung always ( visit ) their grandparents on Sunday . 104 . My father ( listen ) to the radio everyday . 105 . The children ( like ) .to play in the park . 106 . She ( not live ) .with her parents . 107 . Lan ( brush ) her teeth after meals . 108 . The students ( not go ) to school on Sunday . 109 . Nga ( talk ) to her friends now . 110 . She ( be ) 14 on her next birthday . 111 . We ( visit ) Huong Pogoda next week . 112 . They ( live ) .with their grandparents . 113 . I ( come ) back tomorrow . 114 . He ( have ) .a lot of friends . 115 . She ( have ) a meeting tonight . 116 . M y father ( jog ) every morning . 117 . We often ( play ) .tennis in the afternoon . 118 . What you ( do ) .next Sunday . 119 . Phong ( watch ) .T.V everynight . 120 . They ( go ) to the movies tonight . 121 . Tomorrow , She ( invite ) .all friends to her birthday party . 122 . My brother ( listen ) to music in his free time . 123 . Our friends ( come ) here soon . 124 . My father never ( drink ) coffee . 125 . I usually ( go ) .to school by bike but tomorrow I ( go ) to school by bus . 126 . Jane ( play ) the piano at present . 127 . He ( visit ) his grandparents next week . 128 . Jane ( play ) the piano at present . 129 . We ( not invite ) many friends to the party tonight . 130 . Hurry up ! we ( wait ) .for you . 131 . Lan and Hoa ( read ) in the library at the moment . 132 . We ( not come ) here tomorrow morning . 133 . Listen ! The girl ( play ) .the piano . 134 . Nam ( go ) to the English club every Saturday . 134 . What .you ( do ) .now . I ( grow ) some flowers . 135 . My father ( travel ) to Nha Trang next week . 136 . Students often ( go ) to the school cafeteria at lunch time . 137 . You can ( find ) math books on the racks in the middle . 4
5. 138 . Look ! The teacher ( come ) .here . 139 . She ( study ) maps in Geography . 140 . Ba can ( fix ) the lights . 141 . They ( do ) .some experiments at the moment . 142 . You ( be ) .a famous author one day . 143 . He enjoys ( draw ) .pictures . 144 . Mai ( learn ) to play the piano in her free time . 145 . I ( try ) to repair the radio now . 146 . The students ( write ) an essay in Literature next Monday . 147 . Let us ( go ) to the English club . 148 . I ( do ) .my math homework at the moment . 149 . Next year , my sister ( be ) a teacher . 150 . When they ( be ) young , they ( leave ) .their family and ( go ) to Ho Chi Minh city . 151 . When Thomas Edison ( die ) ? In 1931 . PARTS OF SPEECH OF WORD FORMS I. Danh töø (Nouns): 1. Ñònh nghóa: Danh töø laø nhöõng töø duøng ñeå chæ söï vaät, söï vieäc hoaëc con ngöôøi. 2. Phaân loaïi danh töø: - Danh töø ñeám ñöôïc (countable nouns): book, student, table, - Danh töø khoâng ñeám ñöôïc (uncountable nouns): water, grass, information, - Danh töø ñôn (simple nouns): war (chieán tranh), bus (xe buyùt), - Danh töø keùp (Compound nouns): world peace (hoøa bình theá giôùi), bus station (traïm xe buyùt), 3. Chöùc naêng: a. Laøm chuû ngöõ (Subject-): The children go to school every day. b. Laøm taân ngöõ ñoäng töø vaø giôùi töø: (Object): The mother gave a cake to her son c. Laøm boå ngöõ cho chuû ngöõ (Sau keep / seem/ be/ feel/ look) (Complement): He is my best friend. d. Laøm boå ngöõ cho taân ngöõ (Sau call/ select/ name/ ) We call him Tom II. Ñaïi töø (Pronouns): 1. Ñònh nghóa: Ñaïi töø laø nhöõng töø duøng thay cho danh töø. 2. Phaân loaïi ñaïi töø: a. Ñaïi töø nhaân xöng (Personal pronouns): coù 2 loaïi: - Ñaïi töø laøm chuû ngöõ: I/ We/ You/ They/ She/ He/ It - Ñaïi töø laøm taân ngöõ: me/ us/ you/ them/ her/ him/ it b. Ñaïi töø chæ ñònh: This/ that/ these/ those c. Ñaïi töø baát ñònh: (Chæ ngöôøi) someone, somebody, no one, nobody, anyone, anybody, everyone (Chæ vaät) something, nothing, anything, everything 3. Chöùc naêng: Gioáng danh töø III. Tính töø (Adjectives): 1. Ñònh nghóa: laø töø duøng ñeå mieâu taû hoaëc cho bieát theâm chi tieát veà danh töø . 2. Phaân loaïi: a. Tính töø mieâu taû: SIZE + SHAPE + AGE + COLOR + NATIONAL + MATERIAL . (kích thöôùc + hình daïng + tuoåi + maøu + quoác tòch + chaát lieäu) b. Tính töø sôû höõu: my/ our / your / their / her / his/ its c. Tính töø chæ soá löôïng: much/ little/ few/ a lot of / plenty of / each/ every/ another 3. Chöùc naêng: a. Boå nghóa cho danh töø: A beautiful girl 5
6. b. Boå nghóa cho ñaïi töø: Something new c. Ñöùng sau keep / seem/ be/ feel/ look vaøboå nghóa cho chuû ngöõ; He looks happy. d. Ñöùng sau keep /make let + O + Adj vaøboå nghóa cho taân ngöõ. We make our parents happy. IV. Traïng töø (Adverbs): 1. Ñònh nghóa: laø nhöõng töø duøng ñeå dieån taû tính caùch, ñaëc tính, möùc ñoä, vaø ñöôïc duøng ñeå boå nghóa cho ñoäng töø, tính töø, traïng töø khaùc hoaëc cho caû caâu. 2. Phaân loaïi: a. Traïng töø chæ theå caùch: well, carefully, quickly, hard, fast b. Traïng töø chæ thôøi gian: early/ late / yet/ now, today, yesterday, before, after, tomorrow c. Traïng töø chæ möùc ñoä: too much/ too little/ very / extremely/ a lot / nearly d. Traïng töø chæ ñòa ñieåm: here/ there/ upstairs/ at home / in the garden e. Traïng töø chæ söï thöôøng xuyeân: always/ often/ usually/ sometimes/ hardly/ once a week 3. Chöùc naêng: a. Boå nghóa cho tính töø: A very beautiful girl b. Boå nghóa cho ñoäng töø: walk slowly; study hard; play well c. Boå nghóa cho traïng töø: walk very slowly; study so hard; play quite well WORD FORM 1. NOUN VERB ADJ PARTICIPLE ADV NOTE 2. Anger Angry Angrily Giaän 3. Attraction Attract Attractive Attracted Attractively Haáp daãn 4. Beauty Beautify Beautiful Beautifully Ñeïp 5. Business Busy Busily Baän vieäc 6. Care/ ful/ ness Care Careful/ less Carefully/ lessly Caån thaän 7. Center Central Centrally Trung taâm 8. Collection Collect Collective Thu thaäp 9. Curiosity Curious Curiously Toø moø 10. Danger Endanger Dangerous Dangerously Nguy hieåm 11. Death Die Dead Cheat 12. Depth (ñoä Deepen (laøm) Deep Deeply Saâu saâu) 13. Difference Differ Different Differently Khaùc nhau 14. Difficulty Difficult Difficultly Khoù khaên 15. Excitement Excite exciting Excited/ ing Excitingly Haøo höùng 16. Friend/ - ship Friendly Baïn beø 17. Fluency Fluent Fluently Troâi chaûy 18. Harm Harm (gaây haïi) Harmful/ less Harmlully/lessly Haïi 19. Happiness Happy Happily Haïnh phuùc 20. Health Healthy Healthily Maïnh khoeû 21. Invention Invent Inventory Phaùt minh 22. Laziness Lazy Lazily Löôøi bieáng 23. Length Lengthen Long Daøi 24. Nation/ ality Nationalize National Nöôùc/ qtòch 25. Nature Naturalize Natural Naturally Töï nhieân 6
7. 26. Pollution Pollute Polluted OÂ nhieãm 27. Practice Practice Practical Practically Thöïc haønh 28. Prevention Prevent Preventable Ngaên caûn 29. Reason Reason Reasonable Reasonably Lyù do 30. Science/ Scientific Scientifically Khoa hoïc Scientist 31. Strength Strengthen Strong Strongly Maïnh 32. Success Succeed Successful Successfully Thaønh coâng 33. Warmth Warn Warm Warmly AÁm aùp 34. Width Widen Wide Widely Roäng 35. Wonder Wonder Wonderful Wonderfully Kì dieäu IDENTIFICATION OF WORD FORMS I. Choïn danh töø: (ñaàu caâu, sau ñoäïng töø vaø giôùi töø) - A , A N , T H E  - T H IS / T H A T / T H E S E / T H O S E - M Y / O U R / Y O U R / T H E IR / H E R / H IS / IT S - E A C H / E V E R Y , B O T H , N O  + N O U N (D a n h tö ø) - F E W , A F E W , L IT T L E , A L IT T L E , E N O U G H - S O M E / A N Y / M A N Y , M U C H , A L O T O F T H E M O S T /B E S T  II. Choïn tính töø: Tröôùc danh töø, sau linking verbs, 1. ADJ+ NOUN A happy girl always smiles. (happiness) 2. KEEP / SEEM/ BE/ FEEL/ LOOK + ADJ: 3. Linking verbs: He’s heavy. ( heaviness) III. Choïn traïng töø: Giöõa chuû ngöõ vaø ñoäng töø / sau ñoäng töø thöôøng, sau taân ngöõ. ñaàu caâu, 4. S + ADV + V(thöôøng): 1. I have recently received my friend’s letter. 5. S + V (+ O) + ADV 2. The doctor told me to breathe in slowly. 6. ADV, S + V 3. Suddenly, he saw an accident. IV. Choïn ñoäng töø: ñöùng ngay sau chuû ngöõ: - S + V: 1. My mother bought a new bike yesterday. V. Complete the sentences using the correct form of the words in brackets. 1. He feels very . so he talks . Anger 2. She looks . in her new coat. Attraction 3. He plays soccer . Beauty 4. Nam is always . . He is on his . this week. Business 5. Mr. Han is a . driver. He drives . Care 6. I live on . highland in Dalak. Center 7. Hoa has a fine . of stamp. Collect 8. His . helps him successful. Curious 9. AIDS is a .disease Danger 10. Her parents’ . makes her very sad. Death 11. Mai understands me . Depth (ñoä saâu) 12. There is no . between my answer and his. Differ 13. We have a lot of . in learning English. Difficult 14. The is an . football match this afternoon. Excite 15. We are very proud of our . Friend 7
8. 16. He speaks English . Fluency 17. If you smoke, it is . to you. Harm 18. She sent her best wishes for my future . Happiness 19. He does exercise every morning, so he is very . Health 20. Exercises . your health. Strong 21. . students don’t often succeed in the tests. Laziness 22. . .are trying to find out new stars. Science 23. Nam is very . and heavy. Strength 24. I don’t like hot weather. I like . weather Warmth 25. Ha Long Bay is a . Bay. Wonder ADVERB CLAUSES OF TIME & REASON A. ADVERD CLAUSES OF TIME: Laø meänh ñeà traïng ngöõ chæ thôøi gian baét ñaàu caùc lieân töø When, while, after/ before, as (khi), until (ñeán khi ) S +V+ When/ while/ after/ before/ as/until + S + V Chæ töông lai: When he comes tomorrow, we will welcome him. Chæ hieän taïi: When it’s hot, I go swimming. / As I come, he is eating. B. ADVERD CLAUSES OF REASON: Laø meänh ñeà traïng ngöõ chæ lyù do hay nguyeân nhaân baét ñaàu caùc lieân töø: because/ since/ as (bôûi vì) S + V + because/ since/ as + S + V Mr. Ba is late because/ since/ as she oversleeps. Because Lan and Ba don’t have a tent, they never go camping. C. Join two sentences into one, use because/ since/ as: 1. Lan and Ba never go camping. , so they don’t have a tent 2. I stay at home. It rains. 3. Tan is late for school. He misses the bus. 4. The weather is fine. We have a picnic on the mountain. 5. I don’t have a bike, so I walk. 6. Nhan is free, so he flies his kites. D. Join two sentences into one, use when/ while/ after/ before/ as/until: 1. It is warm. I go fishing. (when) 2. My father is eating. My mother cooks. (while) 3. I take a bath first. Then I eat. (before) 4. Mr. Quang waits for the farmer. The farmer comes. (until) 5. He will come tomorrow. We will welcome him. (When) 8
9. 6. You will go the museum. You will see a lot of valuable pictures. (When) ARTICLES A. Maïo töø khoâng xaùc ñònh: A,AN Examples 1. A An : ñöùng tröôùc danh töø ñeám ñöôïc soá ít ñeå giôùi A ball is round. thieäu moät ñieàu gì chöa ñöôïc ñeà caäp hoaëc laàn ñaàu. I see a boy in the street. 2. An : ñöùng tröôùc danh töø baét ñaàu baèng nguyeân aâm. an apple, an inkpot, an engineer A : ñöùng tröôùc danh töø baét ñaàu baèng phuï aâm. a book, a pen, house, a man, 3. Nhöõng danh töø ,luoân duøng vôùi A European, uniform, universal, university, union, eulogy, euphemism 4. Nhöõng danh töø ,luoân duøng vôùi AN hour, heir, herbal, honor B. Maïo töø xaùc ñònh: THE Khoâng duøng maïo töø xaùc ñònh: THE Ñöùng tröôùc danh töø ñeám ñöôïc hoaëc khoâng ñeám Tröôùc danh töø khoâng ñeám ñöôïc ôû soá ít/ ñeám ñöôïc ôû ñöôïc ôû soá ít hay nhieàu ñeå giôùi thieäu moät ñieàu gì ñaõ soá nhieàu khi noùi ñeân ñaëc ñieåm, chuûng loaïi, gioáng noøi ñöôïc ñeà caäp, ñöôïc boå nghóa cuïm giôùi töø with / of chung chung. + N hay ñieàu maø ai cuõng bieát. The earth is round. (ai cuõng bieát) The boy in the corner is my friend. Athletes must follow a well- balanced diet. The sugar on the table is sweet. ( nghóa rieâng bieät) Sugar is sweet. (nghóa chung chung) The tigers in Vietnam are in danger. Tigers like fresh meat. a. Teân Nhieàu hoà: The great Lakes Teân hoà soá ít: Lake Geneva, Lake Erie Caùc ñaïi döông: the Atlantic Ocean Chaâu luïc: Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia Caùc doøng soâng: The red River Caùc vuøng bieån: The red Sea b. Teân caùc daõy nuùi: the Andes, the rocky mountains Teân moät nuùi: Mount Everest, Mount Pinatubo c. Moät vaät/ ngöôøi duy nhaát: Teân caùc haønh tinh: Venus, Mars, the earth, the moon, the sun, the Pope, the sky Danh töø tröøu töôïng: freedom, happiness d. Teân caùc tröôøng hoïc coù: the School of Florida Teân tröôøng hoïc baét ñaàu danh töø rieâng: Teân caùc tröôøng ñaïi hoïc coù: the University of Quang Trung Secondary School Teân caùc tröôøng cao ñaúng coù: the College of Hung Vuong University, Hong Bang College e. Soá thöù töï ñöùng tröôùc danh töø: the first World War Soá ñeám ñi sau danh töø: World war one, chapter two f. Teân caùc nöôùc goàm nhieàu töø: the U.S, the U.K Teân caùc nöôùc goàm moät töø: France, Vietnam g. Teân caùc nhaïc cuï: the guitar, the piano Teân caùc moân theå thao: baseball, volleyball, soccer h. Teân caùc cuoäc chieán: the Korean war Nhöõng töø khoâng bò giôùi haïn nghóa: breakfast, lunch, dinner, church, school, college, home, work, hospital Supply the correct word form 1. The duty of the police is the ___of law and order. (MAINTAIN) 2. Our tomatoes are ___nicely; they’ll be ready to eat in about a week. (RIPE) 3. Look at this picture of Bill and his father - you can see the ___clearly, can’t you? (LIKE) 4. He said ‘Good morning’ in a most ___way. (FRIEND) 5. Playing for the national team for the first time was an ___experience for Hong Son. (FORGET) 6. “This is not a good essay,’ said the lecturer. ‘I find your arguments ___. (CONVINCE) 9
10. 7. It’s a lovely old house, I agree, but can we afford to___ it? (MODERN) 8. George and I have been friends since___ he used to live next door. (CHILD) 9. In winter it is important for farmers to provide food and ___ for their animals. (WARM) 10. Pele ___Ronaldo to take part in 2002 World Cup. (COURAGE) 11. ___is one of the qualities required of a social worker. (FLEXIBLE) 12. Novelists are among the most ___people in the world.(IMAGINE) 13. Secondary education is ___and free in many countries. (COMPEL) 14. The song has ___been selected for the Sea Games 22, Vietnam. (OFFICE) 15. ___are doing their best to make people aware of the danger of air pollution. (ENVIRONMENT) o A or An? The general rule is that we – The definite article doesn't change. It is always use a before a consonant and an the whether the noun is masculine, feminine or before a vowel: neuter, singular or plural. We use the definite a bowl, a car,a dog, but an ant, an elephant, an article - the - when we talk about a singular or insect, an orange, an urn plural noun which refers to a particular member But, what is important here is not the way a word is of a a group. written, but the way it sounds. We choose a or an The woman.The man.The door.The doors. depending on the sound at the beginning of the word Prior Reference and whether it is a vowel sound or a consonant sound. We often use the after the noun has already been For example, take the word uniform. Although it mentioned. For example: begins with a vowel - u - when we write it, when we An Englishman, an Irishman and a Sctosman walk into a say it the first sound is /y/ which is a consonant: pub. The Englishman ordered a bitter; the Irishman uniform is pronounced ‘/junɪfɔːm/ so we say a ordered a Guiness and the Scotsman ordered a whisky. uniform The first time we mention the noun we use the indefinite One word which is often confused is hotel. Some article and from then on we use the definite article. people pronounce this word as /həʊˈtɛl/ so they would Known Reference write: If both speakers know what they are talking about they a hotel. But other people pronounce this word as can use the even though the noun may not have been /əʊˈtɛl/ and so they would write: an hotel mentioned before. In other words, it is implied that the o The Zero Article does not noun has already been mentioned. exist. It is a useful term to use when Excuse me, do you know what the time is? describing how to use articles. Where's the toilet? Essentially when we talk about the In these examples, the speaker assumes that the listener zero article, we mean that we don’t use knows what is being talked about. any article in front of a noun. Miscellanous In addition, the is used in the following For example, when we use a noun with a preposition, special circumstances we often do not use an article (that is, we just use the Exceptions include: the Hague; the Matterhorn; the noun on its own): Mall; the White House, the United States of America I went to school but left my books at home. Mother We use the definite article - the - when we talk about a was in church and father at sea; Grandfather came to singular or plural noun which refers to a particular dinner later by train and Grandmother managed to member of a a group. escape from prison to join us. In this example the group is all men; we want to reference When we talk about an institution, we use the zero a particular man so we say: The man in the hat. article. Compare this with the indefinite article which refers to any man in the group: A man in a hat. parts of day/night midnight, midday, noon, night days Monday, Tuesday superlatives the highest, the biggest, the oldest festivals Easter ordinals the third man, the sixth wife seasons & months Winter, February oceans, seas the Pacific, the Black Sea the wheel, the internal combustion years 1961, 1995, 2000 inventions engine 10
11. the Queen, the President, the buildings Buckingham Palace, number 10 titles chairperson Acacia Avenue, Pall Mall, streets rivers & canals the Thames, the Nile, the Suez Sunset Boulevard the Sheraton, the Red Lion, the airports Heathrow, Gatwick public buildings Natural History Museum London, New York, Tokyo, The Independent, The Daily Mirror, cities & towns newspapers Sydney, Cairo The Times mountains Everest, K2, Mont Blanc families the Browns, the Bushes countries of the United States, the United Arab countries America, Britain, Arabia union Emirates He is an artist and his wife is a continents Africa, Asia, America, Europe jobs plumber. He is a Buddhist and his wife is an beliefs atheist. people Joe, Mrs Smith ships the Bismarck, the Lusitanian magazines Cosmopolitan, Time mountain chains the Alps, the Highlands games football, tennis, bar billiards instruments the piano, the bag pipes He is an American and she is a nationalities Swede. Exceptions include: the Hague; the Matterhorn; the Mall; the White House, the United States of America In this example, the group is all men; we want to reference a particular man so we say: The man in the hat. Compare this with the indefinite article, which refers to any man in the group: A man in a hat. Retrieved from " " COMPARISONS A/ So saùnh baèng: (equality) This new house is as expensive as that one. S + V + AS ADJ/ ADV AS + S He ran faster than his friends did. B/ So saùnh hôn: (Comparatives) Films are more interesting than plays. Tính töø ngaén: S + V + ADJ/ADV- ER + THAN + S2 Ex: He is more intelligent than Peter. Tính töø daøi: S + V + MORE + ADJ/ ADV + THAN + S2 C/ So saùnh nhaát; (Superlatives) Nam is the youngest student in his class Tính töø ngaén: S + V + THE ADJ –EST + N. Winter is the coldest in the year. Tính töø daøi: S + V + THE MOST + ADJ + N. Note: - Tính töø ngaén: 1 vaàn vaø 2 vaàn nhö: happy, pleasant, quiet - Tính töø daøi: caùc tính töø 2 vaàn trôû leân nhö : interesting, beautiful, expensive - So saùnh caùc tính töø ñaëc bieät: good → better/ the best; bad → worse/ the worst; little → less/ the least;many → more/ the most; far → farther/ further/ the farthest/ further Test (comparative or superlative form) I/ Read the situations and complete the sentences. Use the comparative form (-er or more )with give adjective. 1. The CD is 20.000 dong , the cassette is 12.000 dong. (expensive) The CD . 2. The church is built in 1878 and the library in 1925.(old) The church 3. Andrew hasn’t many friend .Clare has lots of friends.(popurlar) Clare 4. The film lasts two and a half hours, but videotape is only two hours long.(long) The film 11
12. 5. It takes four hours to go by car and five hours to go by train.(slow) Going by train 6. Laura’s room has a lot of pictures and flowers. Mark’s room doesn’t have any pictures .(interesting) Laura’s room 7. Daneil can lift 90 kilos ,but Matthew can lift 120 kilos.(strong) Matthew 8. There are a lot of vehicles on the streets in the city.There are few vehicles on the streets in the countryside. (Crowded) The streets in the city 9. The buses run every 30 minutes .The trains run very hour.(frequent) The buses . 10. Yesterday the temperature was six degrees. Today it’s only three degrees.(cold) It II/ Write the sentences from the notes.Use the superlative form of the adjective. 1.Mark / tall /person/ his family. 2.This stadium / modern / Europe. 3.What /happy/ day/your life. 4.The Beatles album / good / they ever made 5.Asernal /popular/team/England. 6.This painting /valuable/the gallery. 7.Yesterday/hot /day/the month. 8.This watch/ one /cheap/you cn buy. 9.That/ boring/ film /I /ever / see. 10.It /bad/mistake/I/ever/make. III/ Write the comparative form or the superlative form of the words in brackets 1. Sport is .politics.(interesting) 2. Can’t you think of anything to say?(intelligent) 3. It’s day of the year.(short) 4. London is Birmingham.(big) 5. I prefer this chair to the other ones.It’s (comfortable) 6. The weather is getting .(bad). 7. I like living in the countryside.It’s .living in a town.(peaceful) 8. Who is in the class?(clever) 12
13. 9. That’s meal I’ve had for a long time.(delicious) 10. It was .speech I’ve heard .(boring) III/ Read the situations and complete the sentences. Using the words in brackets. 1. I’m quite tall but you are taller.(as as) I’m 2. Hoa and Tim are both 13 year old .(the same as) Tim is age 3. She speak English very well ,and her sister speaks well too.(as as) She speaks her sister. 4. They lived here for a long time but we’ve lived here longer.(as as) They haven’t us. 5. My birthday is 12 August.Tom’s birthday is 12 August .(the same as) My birthday is Tom’s 6. Sandra spent 100 dollar ; but Susan spent 120 dollars.(as as) Sandra much money 7. Nam drive carefully,but his sister drive more carefully.(as as) Nam doesn’t 8. We left the meeting at 10 pm ; they left the meeting at 10 pm too .(The same as) We left time PREPOSITIONS With IN: the morning, august, summer, 2006, uniform, hospital, bed, the world, debt, prison, English, the center of, the middle of, some ways, addition, Vietnam, London, ink, the past/ future, case With ON: Monday, Saturday morning, holiday, radio, subject, foot, a farm, a chair, the beach, the phone, Christmas Day, the occasion, the south coast of, a picnic, the way to, time, a street, a floor, the right/ left, sale, the corner With AT: 5 o’clock, first, last, present, the moment, 16 years old, the age of (15), home, school, the bus stop, the same time, a party, Mary’s house, the end of, the beginning of, night, least, once, times, work With others: for a week/ fun/ reading/ a walk - from Paris to London, from nine to five- By Nguyen Du, by shooting, by then, by the way, by far, by accident by car/ bus/ taxi/ plane - with smoke, with hands, out of date/ work/ order ADJ+ Prep: amazed, amused, delighted at – afraid of, angry with, bad at, good at, different from, fond to, familiar with, famous for, proud of, interested in, kind to/ of, pleased with, useful for, worried about, similar to, accustomed to VERBS + Prep: borrow from, compare with, crowd into, laugh at, look at/ after/ for/up, prepare for, participate, think of ,prefer to, succeed in, take part in, take care of, tell about, take to about, tune into, keep in touch, consist of NOUN + Prep: love for, habit of/ aspect of, sight of, means of, reason for, method of, pair of SOME SENTENCE PATTERNS 1. S + V + Adj/ n Jack looked very worried. ( be, look, keep, seem, taste, sound, become) The food tastes delicious. 2. S + V + Adv (walk, drive, talk, close, rise. come) He is careful. He drives slowly. 3. S + V + O + adv ( watch, read, meet, make, see) He watched T.V every night. 4. S + V + O + C (make, elect, declare, consider ) We made Frank armchair. 13
14. ( think, believe, find) I find the lesson too boring. (keep, make, let, have) Sad movie makes me cry. (regard, recognize, appoint, consider) They regard him as an excellent player. 5. S + V + I.O + D.O = S + V + D.O+ to/ for + I.O Mary teaches me English.= He teaches English to me (give, teach, show, award, offer, lend +to // buy, make+ for) My mother bought me a hat. = She bought it for me 6. S + V + prep + O (look at, wait for, cope with, rely I have been waiting for you for an hour. on, depend on, complain/talk about, smile at ) He looks at himself in the mirror. 7. S + V + prep + O = S + V + O (pro) + prep He puts on his shoes. = He puts them on. (put on/off, take off, turn on /off, throw away, see off I turn on the light, and then I turn it off. 8. S + V + O + noun clause I can understand what you said. (learn, know, show, discover, decide, understand ) He showed me where the bank was. 9. There (be) + noun + prep phrase There is some water in the jar. There were many students in the yard. EXPRESSIONS OF QUALTY (SÖÏ DIEÃN TAÛ VEÀ SOÁ LÖÔÏNG) 1 - SOME: Trong caâu khaúng ñònh/ lôøi môøi: - Duøng vôùi danh töø soá ít khoâng ñeám ñöôïc vaø soáâ nhieàu ñeám ñöôïc: Ex: I like some milk. Would you like some milk? 2 - ANY: Trong caâu phuû ñònh vaø nghi vaán - Duøng vôùi danh töø soá ít khoâng ñeám ñöôïc vaø soáâ nhieàu ñeám ñöôïc: Ex: I don’t like any milk. Do you like any milk? * Caùc ñaïi töø someone, somebody, something, noone, nothing, nobody, anyone, anything, anybody, everyone, everything, everybody cuõng duøng theo caùch treân. Chuù yù No = Not + any: nobody = not any body 3. MANY / A LARGE NUMBER OF/ A GREAT NUMBER OF/: (nhieàu) Duøng vôùi danh töø soáâ nhieàu ñeám ñöôïc: Ex: He has many books. Ex: A large number of students in our school are good. 4. MUCH / A LARGE AMOUNT OF/ A GREAT DEAL OF /: (nhieàu) Duøng vôùi danh töø soá ít khoâng ñeám ñöôïc: Ex: He has much time to play. Ex: A large amount of * How much/ How many cuõng duøng theo caùch treân: Ex: How many eggs does she want? - She wants a dozen eggs. Ex: How much beef do you want? - I want 200grams of beef. 5. PLENTY OF/ A LOT OF / LOTS OF (nhieàu) Duøng vôùi danh töø ñeám ñöôïc vaø khoâng ñeám ñöôïc: Ex: He has plenty of books. Ex: He has plenty of time to play. * Very/ too/ so/ as + many/ much + noun Ex: There is too much bad news on T.V tonight 6. FEW / A FEW/ LITTLE / A LITTLE: (ít, moät ít, moät vaøi) A. FEW: (raát ít yù phuû ñònh) C. LITTLE: (raát ít yù phuû ñònh) + Duøng vôùi danh töø soáâ nhieàu ñeám ñöôïc + Duøng vôùi danh töø soáâ ít khoâng ñeám ñöôïc Ex: I feel lonely because I have a few friends there. Ex: I have very little time for reading. B. A FEW: (moät vaøi yù khaúng ñònh) D. A LITTLE: (moät ít, moät chuùt yù khaúng ñònh) + Duøng vôùi danh töø soáâ nhieàu ñeám ñöôïc + Duøng vôùi danh töø soáâ ít khoâng ñeám ñöôïc Ex: You can see a few houses on the hill. Ex: I need a little help to move these books. 7. More, less, fewer: A. FEWER: So saùnh hôn cuûa (few - a few) B. LESS: So saùnh hôn cuûa (little - a little) - Duøng keøm vôùi danh töø ñeám ñöôïc soá nhieàu - Duøng keøm vôùi danh töø khoâng ñeám ñöôïc hoaëc 14
15. S + V + fewer + ADJ / Noun + than + S keøm vôùi tính töø Ex: He has fewer days off than we. S + V + Less + ADJ / Noun + than + S Ex: He is less scared now. Do you have less free time than Hoa? C. MORE: So saùnh hôn cuûa (a lot of / many /much) - Duøng keøm vôùi danh töø ñeám ñöôïc hoaëc khoâng ñeám ñöôïc Ex: Do you have more hours than Hoa? - Duøng keøm vôùi tính töø daøi (Töø 2 vaàn trôû leân) - S + V + More + ADJ / Noun + than + S. Ex: He is more tired than I. 8. MOST / MOST OF: (Phaàn lôùn, haàu heát) A. MOST + NOUN ( soá nhieàu :Most children / hoaëc khoâng ñeám ñöôïc: Most coffee) Ex: Most children are fond of sweets. Ex: Most coffee is new and good. B. MOST OF + MY/ HIS/ HER/ YOU/ THEIR/ THE / THIS/ THAT/ THESE/ THOSE + N Ex: Most of the boys in my class want to play soccer. READING D. Read and answer the questions: I. Hi, My name is pike and this is my son. He learns in a big school in London. He goes to school from Monday to Friday and doesn’t go to school at the weekend. At school, he studies may things. He is very much interested in math and Physics because they are his favorite subject. At recess, Peter often plays basketball and he plays it very well. He sometimes plays soccer after school. In his free time, he always listens to music and he learns to play the guitar. He hopes he will become an engineer in the future. 1. Where does Peter learn? 2. What subject does he like? 3. What does he do at recess? 4. What does he do in his free time? 5. Does Peter want to be an engineer or a singer? II We are all destroying the earth. The sea and the rivers are too dirty to swimming in. There is so much smoke in the air that it is unhealthy to live in many of world’s cities. We have cut down so many trees that there are now vast areas of wasteland all over the world. As a result, farmers in parts of Africa can’t grow enough rice to eat. Wild animals are quickly disappearing. We must save the earth. 1. Are we are all destroying the earth? 2. What are too dirty to swimming in? 3. Why is it unhealthy to live in many of world’s cities? 4. What disappear quickly? 5. What should we do now? III. I’m Linh, Pham Thuy Linh. I am a new student of 7A class in Nguyen Du secondary school. I am thirteen and I come from Hoa Binh. I have a brother and a sister. They are 500 students at a high school in Hoa Binh. I live with my aunt at 20 Le Loi Street. She often brings me to school by motorbike every day. It is more than two 15
16. kilometers from my aunt’s house to my school. It takes us ten minutes to go these. My telephone number is 871374. SURVERY FORM Family name: Brothers and sister: Name(s): Address : Age: Telephone number: Grade: Distance : School: Means of transport: Time: IV. My name is Lan. I am 12 years old. I am a student at Hoang Dieu School. My father is a farmer. He grows vegetables and raises cattle on our farm in the countryside. My mother is a teacher. She is always busy at school. I have an elder sister, Mai. She is a nurse, and she works in a hospital. I love my family very much. 2. How old is Lan?  3. Who is always busy at school?  4. What does Lan ,s father grow?  5. Where does Mai work?  PHẦN II Taøi lieäu boài döôõng hoïc sinh gioûi lôùp 8 +9 PART A : PASSIVE- ACTIVE 1. He has finished the report. 2. The police captured the thief. 3. The movie disappointed us. 4. She returned the money last night. 5. The students attended the course. 6. Mr. Jones teaches this class. 7. He delivers the mail every day. 8. She took that book from the desk. 9. Fire destroyed that house. 10. She will eat the cake. 1. They are eating a cake. 2. English people speak English. 3. People wear glasses. 4. The children drinks whisky 5. Our children keep a cat and a dog as pets. 6. A rooster does not lay eggs. 7. Sheep give the wool. 16
17. 8. Mother did not serve dinner. 9. They left hats and coats here. 10. They cannot hold the meeting in that room. 1. He has to pay the bill. 2. For the time being, Alice is teaching that group. 3. She has finished the report. 4. The police have arrested five suspects. 5. The mad dog bit the little boy. 6. The teacher corrects our exercises. 7. Mr. Smith saw the accident. 8. They started a dancing class last week. 9. You should insure the package. 10. He may pay the bill for us. 1. You ought to water the plants once a week. 2. The mailman is delivering the mail now. 3. Somebody has taken my briefcase. 4. The doctor ordered him to take a long rest. 5. Lightning struck the house. 6. He wrote an article about our country. 7. She has translated that novel into Vietnamese. 8. The visitor divided the gifts among the children 9. My secretary opens the mail every morning. 10. He will publish a new book. 1. The host treated us very kindly. 2. My wife will write the report for me. 3. His teacher has transferred him to another class. 4. You must keep dogs in the garden. 5. A stranger started the fire. 6. They will publish the book next year. 7. A French architect designed the bridge. 8. Lightning struck the house. 9. Maria won the first prize. 10. They will sign the contract tomorrow. 1. They sent him to Los Angeles. 2. Mrs. Kennedy teaches the class. 3. They published the book in 1997. 4. The police have caught the thief. 5. They gave Linda a prize for one of her books. 6. Someone has told me about her success. 7. People speak English all over the world. 8. They sell English books in that shop. 9. Someone is repairing my car at the moment. 17
18. 10. People always admire this picture. 1. He uses milk for making butter and cheese. 2. She makes progress every day in the world of science. 3. The author will write this novel in June. 4. Nobody will solve this hard problem. 5. Her mother will take her to hospital next week. 6. Someone will clean the room. 7. They had to cut down that tree. 8. Someone should tell Sally what happened. 9. They’re going to build a new hospital. 10. We can solve the problem. 1. Someone has to finish the job. 2. They may send the man to prison. 3. We must do something now. 4. I don’t like people starting at me. 5. I dislike people making jokes about me. 6. They separated the rice from the husk. 7. The boys made a fire by their camp. 8. They built this house more than one hundred years ago. 9. Every year Viet Nam exports millions of tons of rice. 10. The publisher published his book in 1996. 1. They repaired my desk during the weekend. 2. Nobody saw her at the party last night. 3. The government has not changed the regulation. 4. She didn’t introduce me to her mother. 5. Someone is cutting the grass now. 6. Someone ought to repair this window. 7. Peter is writing a letter to his friend. 8. My friends are making some phone call in the evening. 9. Bad drivers are causing many accidents. 10. People play football all over the world. 1. They will sign the contract tomorrow. 2. We will issue the library cards soon. 3. Thuy has to finish her homework tonight. 4. People must hand in their weapons. 5. They are repairing my piano at the moment. 6. A doctor has just examined John. 7. The fire destroyed many houses yesterday. 8. Tom will return those books to the library tomorrow. 9. Bad weather has delayed Flight 202 from Miami. 10. You must keep your room tidy. 18
19. 1. He is awarding the prize to the Thon Trieu team. 2. The company has ordered some new equipment. 3. I decorated the Christmas Tree yesterday. 4. The tornado destroyed thirty houses. 5. The manager should sign these contracts today. 6. Lan will clean all the glass windows. 7. Lan’s mother has to buy some oranges. 8. They performed Christmas songs 800 years ago. 9. Somebody will call Mr. Green tonight. 10. These workers are building a new hospital. 1. Nobody has used this room for ages. 2. Hoa sent a Christmas card to Lan last Christmas. 3. Santa Claus gives children presents on Christmas Eve. 4. Mary’s parents sent her some money. 5. Each competitor must take a bottle on the river bank. 6. Did they build this monument ten years ago? 7. They delayed the football match. 8. People put many kinds of newspapers on the table. 9. Tom must write this essay. 10. My father has just bought a lot of new books. 1. People will publish this novel in February. 2. They are building a new hotel. 3. Betty has just sent Mai many postcards. 4. Hoa sent her mother a gift. 5. They will build many new schools in the future. 6. Students must write the answer in ink. 7. He wrote all the songs on this new album. 8. They held rice-cooking festival in Thon Trieu last year. 9. We must solve this problem soon. 10. Nguyen Du wrote Truyen Kieu. 1. We must do something for these poor men. 2. They have to separate the rice from the husk. 3. He shouldn’t do that silly thing. 4. The boy operates that tape-recorder. 5. They gave us a post card. 6. The student cleaned the room every day. 7. I had lost some of my books. 8. We believe these boys to become better. 9. The scientists found the problem. 10. The cat pulls the pan into the sink. 1. He gives her a novel about a love story. 19
20. 2. They were painting a house. 3. She is watering those flowers. 4. We had finished our reports in three months. 5. He ought to sell that car. 6. We have seen her at the station. 7. The librarian will give students the books. 8. He showed me the way to Thames River. 9. He was learning in his room at 8.30 yesterday. 10. You can buy me an envelope. 1. We have just bought a car. 2. We have just met Jim. 3. They visited the church two years ago. 4. Mrs. Green is cooking the food in the kitchen. 5. The doctor examined the patients. 6. These boys made that noise. 7. I can’t do these exercises quickly. 8. She had finished the report by noon. 9. The movie has disappointed us very much. 10. They have to pay the bill before the first of the month. 1. They will ask you several questions. 2. My parents promised me a bicycle two days ago . 3. Somebody has locked the box and I can’t open it. 4. Somebody calls the president every morning. 5. Airplanes are carrying food to the flood region now. 6. Nam can repair this sewing machine. 7. People advised us not to go out alone. 8. The police ought to put the robbers in prison. 9. They had checked her handbag. 10. Susan’s father has promised her a new watch. 1. You will answer all the questions on the paper. 2. The earthquake has destroyed many buildings. 3. He has just killed a tiger. 4. Lan’s mother is making her a dress. 5. We saw Mrs. Quyen leave her house at 9 o’clock. 6. Mr. Lam must finish this work before June. 7. My parents are going to buy a new TV tomorrow. 8. We haven’t seen Peter yet. 9. Nam and Ba are painting the fence. 10. Hoa reads a story book after dinner. 1. They were building a new school here when we came. 2. He will send his parents a gift. 20
21. 3. She has bought two new dresses recently. 4. You must write these music lessons in ink. 5. We saw our friends outside the church yesterday 6. Lan saw an accident on Le Loi street yesterday. 7. People can grow potatoes in this farm. 8. I have seen that exciting film many times. 9. My father drinks a cup of tea in the morning. 10. Bill called his boss yesterday. 1. Susan is phoning her boyfriend in the living room now . 2. Mr. and Mrs. Long were playing chess when we came. 3. His parents have just given him a new dictionary. 4. We grow rubber trees in our country. 5. He met his father at the front gate. 6. People can’t plant rubber trees in the desert. 7. We haven’t seen Peter yet. 8. Ba and Nam are painting the fence. 9. Linh reads a story book after dinner. 10. He will send his parents a gift. Part B: REPORTED SPEECH I. Reported speech with the introductory verb in the present simple Ex: My teacher of Geography says, “ The Sun rises in the East.” My teacher of Geography says ( that ) the Sun rises in the East. S1 + says (that) + S2 + V’ + O’ II.Statements,commands, requests,advice in reported speech and indirect questions with if and whether 1. Statement in reported speech Ex: Nam said, “ I am doing my homework now.” Nam said (that) he was doing his homework then. S + said (that) + S2 + V” + O” 2. Commands in reported speech Ex1: He said, “ Can you meet me after class?” He asked me to meet him after class Ex2: “Don’t talk in class”, Our teacher said. Our teacher told us not to talk in class. Ex3: The policeman said, “ Please show me your driving licence.” The policeman ordered me to show him my driving licence 21
22. Ex4: “Don’t touch this button or you’ll get an electric shock”,the man said to me The man warned me not to touch that button or I would get an electric shock. asked told S + ordered + O + ( NOT) + TO_infi warned 3. Advice in reported speech EX: “ You should stop smoking,” my father said. My father said/ told ( that ) I should stop smoking. S + said/told ( that ) + S2 + Should + V_bare infi 4. Indirect questions with if and whether Ex1: She asked me. “ Do you like playing soccer?” She asked if/whether I liked playing soccer. Ex2: “Will Tom be here tomorrow?” she asked Ba. She asked Ba if/whether Tom would be here the day after. Ex3: “ Is the Big Ben in New York city?” Nam asked Lan. Nam asked Lan if/whether the Big Ben was in New York city. Ex4: She said, “ Do I look alright?” She wondered if / whether she looked alright. S + asked (s.b) / wanted to know / wondered + If / Whether + S’ + V’ + 5. WH-questions in reported speech Ex1: My teacher said to us, “ where are you going ?” My teacher asked us where we were going. Ex2: Nga said, “ What time does the bank close?” Nga wanted to know what time the bank closed. Ex3: She said to me, “ what’s your name?” She asked me what my name was. asked ( O ) S + Wondered + WH_questions + S’ + V’ Wanted to know Exercise 1. Nam said, “my uncle often plants the vegetables in the afternoon.” 2. “My uncle will not plant the vegetables tomorrow afternoon”, she said. . 3. He said to me, “ Did your uncle plant the coffee trees in the field last year?” 22
23. 4. “Mr and Mrs Pike have just read these newspapers”, Nga said. 5. “ Does your sister take the vegetables to market everyday Minh?” Lan asked. 6. She said, “I often listen to music at night.” 7. “ Have they written the answers in the exercisebooks?” the teacher said to Ss. 8. Lan’s mother said, “ My daughter usually brushes her teeth before meals.” 9. Nga asked, “ Did your father watch Joo Mong film last night, Nam?” 10. They said, “We have to do the assignments now.” . 11. Lan says, “My sister seldom rides a bike to school.” 12. “Students at secondary school and high school rarely sing English songs” She said. 13. Ngan told Mai, “ Don’t feed the chickens.” . 14. They said, “Our teacher sometimes explains the difficult lesson.” . 15. My teacher of Geography says, “ The Earth moves around the sun.” 16. Nam said, “ I am doing my homework now.” 17. He said, “ Can you meet me after class?” 18. “Don’t talk in class”, Our teacher said. 19. The policeman said, “ Please show me your driving licence.” . 20. “Don’t touch this button or you’ll get an electric shock”,the man said to me 21. “ You should stop smoking,” my father said. . 22. She asked me. “ Do you like playing soccer?” 23. “Will Tom be here tomorrow?” she asked Ba. . 24. “ Is the Big Ben in New York city?” Nam asked Lan. . 25. She said, “ Do I look alright?” 26. My teacher said to us, “ where are you going ?” 23
24. 27. Nga said, “ What time does the bank close?” 28. She said to me, “ what’s your name?” . 29. She asked me, “ Do you like listening to pop music.” 30. “ Tom will be here tomorrow?” Na asked. . 31. “ Is Phong Nha Cave in Northern Vietnam, Nam?” I asked. 32. Lan asked me, “ Is the Mount Everest the highest mountain in the world?” 33. “Where is my new jacket?” John asked his mother. 34. “ Bring the stick here, Lucy” Hoa said. 35. “ I was having dinner when she came” Ngoc told me. 36. “ Don’t talk in class” the teacher told us. 37. “ Practice more your English, Hau” his brother advises. 38. “ Don’t make so much noise in library” the librarian told them. . 39. “ Let’s go for a show” Hennry suggested. 40. “ Steve, tidy up your room now” Mrs Thu ordered. 41. “ Please, take out the rubbish” Mrs Young told the maid. . 42. “ Finish your homework before watching TV, Mary” her mother said. 43. Yen asked me, “ Is the Statue of Liberty in New York?” . 44. I asked her, “ Do you enjoy your Enlish class?” . 45. I asked my new classmate, “ Do you visit the Taj Mahah in India?” 46. “ Can you go to the concert with me tonight?” our friend asked us. 47. “ Where can I find the director’s office?” the woman asked me. 48. “ How much does it cost?” I asked the shop assitant. . 49. The travelers asked, “ How long does it take to get to Ha Long Bay?” 24
25. 50. “ Why does Peter sing a song loudly?” we wondered. 51. “ When does the next bus leave?” she asked me. 52. She said to me, “ Are you hungry?” 53. The man said to her, “ Can you play the guitar?” . 54. Thu’s mother said to her, “ Are you willing to help your friends now?” 55. The doctor said to the patient, “ Do you feel better now?” 56. The son said to his father, “ Will you come here every weekend, dad?” 57. The teacher said to the students, “ Are you ready for tomorrow?” 58. The tourist said to the boy, “ Do you know the way to the post office in Chu Se?” 59. The old lady said to the young boy, “ Can you read this letter?” . 60. The child said to the beggar, “ Are you very poor?” . 61. “ Why didn’t you report the incident to the police last week?” the officer asked her. 62. He said to her, “ I will take you at home.” 63. “ Did you phone me yesterday?” Tim asked Mary. 64. “ Please wake me up at 5 o’clock”, he said to me. . 65. The teacher said to us, “ keep silent, please.” REPORTED SPEECH A. Rewrite the following sentences using reported speech: 1. I said, “ Are you planning to enter law school, Martha?” I asked___ 2. “What time does the movie begin?” Ed asked Ed___ 3. Thomas said to us,”How can I help you?” Thomas___ 4. The little girl said,” I haven’t done my homework” The little girl___ 5. The woman said,” I must go home now to make the dinner.” The woman___ 6. My father said,” Don’t spend too much money on your holiday.” My father___ 25
26. 7. “I’ll tell your mother I didn’t see you”, Jim said Jim___ 8. The doctor said, “Please stay in bed for few days.” The doctor___ 9. Helen said to herself, “Am I doing the right thing?” Helen___ 10. Nancy asked, “Why didn’t you call me?” Nancy___ 11. Peter’s mother said to him, “ Be modest if you have talent.” Peter’s mother___ 12. “Please don’t tell anyone what happened,” Tom said. Tom___ 13. Fred asked me, “Can we get tickets to the game?” Fred___ 14. The teacher asked, “Bobby, what is the capital of Australia?” The teacher___ 15. The doctor said, “Stay in bed until you stop coughing and sneeezing” The doctor___ 16. “Come and see us if you want some help,” The old people said to the newcomer. The old people___ 17. “How old are you, Mrs. Robinson?” the little boy said The little boy___ 18. He said, “Are you enjoying yourself?” He___ 19. “Which book belongs to me?” the boy said. The boy___ 20. She said “You are really a good friend of mine, Billy” She___ B. Change direct speech into reported speech. Begin each of the sentences in the way shown. 1) He said to me,”You took the money.” He accused ___ 2) The teacher said to Jim, “Would you give your book to Mary please?” The teacher asked ___ 3) The student said,”I’m sorry I’m late.” The student apologized ___ 4) Boddy’s father said to him, “Don’t forget to brush your teeth.” Boddy’s father reminded ___ 5) “I’ve always wanted to become a doctor,” Helen said Helen has always dreamed ___ 6) The nurse said to me, “You should consult a dermatologist.” The nurse advised ___ 7) “Don’t touch the hot plate,” I said to Ann I warned ___ 8) The fire chief said, “Everyone must leave the building immediate ly.” The fire chief ordered ___ 9) The man said to the hunters, “Everyone stopped hunting and killing animals.” The man prevented ___ 10) The instructor said to the students, “You’ll have exactly one hour to complete the exam.” The instructor warned ___ 11) The boy said to the woman, “I’ve broken the window of your house.” The boy amitted___ 12) My parents often said to me, “Good for you! It’s good to be independent.” My parents encouraged ___ 26
27. 13) Mrs Smith said, “I would like to meet the president.” Mrs Smith looked forward to ___ 14) He said to the children, “Don’t swim in the lake without an adult present.” He allowed ___ 15) “That’s great! I’m going to France in August,” thought Henry. Henry was thinking of ___ 16) Laura said to her roommate, “Remember to set your alarm clock for 6:00 am.” Laura reminded ___ 17) “Why don’t we go to Dalat this weekend?,” said Peter. Peter suggested ___ 18) Tom said to you, “It was lind of you to help me. Thank you very much.” Tom thanked ___ 19) “Let me pay for the meal. I insist,” Linda said Linda insisted___ 20) “I hear you won the lottery. Congratulations!,” John said to us John congratulated ___ 21) Rose said to Gerald, “I’d like you to come to my house Sunday night to meet my parents.” Rose invited ___ 22) I said, “I didn’t steal the money.” I denied ___ C. Conditional in reported speech. 1. He said, “If I catch the plane, I’ll be home by five.” 2. He said, “If I had a permit, I could get a job.” 3. “If she had loved Tom,” he said, “she wouldn’t have left him.” 4. He said, “If you have time what will you do?” 5. She said, “If you want to lose weight, you must eat less bread.” 6. He said, “If I had a map, I would lend it to you.” 7. He said, “If I had known that you were coming, I would have met you t the airport.” 8. He wondered, “If the baby is the girl what will they call her?” 9. He said, “If I lived near my office, I’d be in time for work.” 10. She said, “If you feel ill, why don’t you go to bed?” EXERCISES A. Rewrite these sentences, using Conditional Sentences: 1. She is very shy; that’s why she doesn’t enjoy parties. 2. He is very unhealthy because he doesn’t take any exercise. 3. I didn’t see the signal, so I didn’t stop. 4. The only way that I can take you is my father lends me a car. 27
28. 5. He doesn’t save enough to buy a computer but he’d like to 6. I’d like to go with you tonight but I am very busy. 7. She wasn’t able to answer the questions, so she failed the exam. 8. The reason why I didn’t phone you was that I didn’t know your phone number. 9. Without the sun, we wouldn’t exist. 10. Peter was very nervous and failed the driving test. 11. I can’t tell you what time it is because I don’t have a watch. 12. She didn’t learn mathematics; that’s why she was cheated by that salesman. 13. We missed the train because the clock wasn’t right. 14. The dress is very expensive, so she can’t buy it. 15. The teacher was very angry. His pupils did their homework carelessly B. Use the correct tense of the verbs in brackets: 1. Your son wil be if he (eat) ___ too much green fruit. 2. If dinner (not be)___ ready, we’ll go without it. 3. You shouldn’t study hard if you (want)___ to pass the final exam. 4. Unless he (ask)___ you, don’t give him anything. 5. What (happen)___ if I press this button? 6. You could understand the lesson better if you (not talk)___ in class so much. 7. I’ll go mad unless he (turn)___ the radio off. 8. We (not have)___ to walk a long way if we hadn’t run out of petrol. 9. If the story (not be)___ true, the newspaper wouldn’t have printed it. 10. What___you (do)___ if you (be)___ a millionaire? C. Rewrite these sentences as directed: 1. He doesn’t eat fish when he isn’t extremely hungry. If___ 2. We didn’t hurry, so we were late for the concert. If___ 3. In order to get a driver’s license, you must be at least 18 years old. If you___ 4. A person must have a passport to be able to travel abroad. A person cannot travel abroad unless___ 5. Ann’s having a lot of trouble because she lost her passport last week. If___ 6. Tom doesn’t do anything if you don’t tell him what to do. Unless___ 7. We must take steps to preserve natural resources, or the planet will be in danger. Unless___ 8. It’s such a pity your sister can’t come as well. If only___ 9. The soil would become poor unless the farmer added fertilizers. If ___ 28
29. 10. You probably won’t have time, but I’d like you to come and see. If ___ 11. There were such a lot of traffic; that’s why we are late. Had___ 12. I couldn’t have managed it without your help. If___ 13. It was her determination which enable her to get better so quickly. If___ 14. He doesn’t get a job, so he can’t pay his bills. If___ 15. She isn’t fit because she sits around too much. If___ 16. The fire brigade came immediately, so the house didn’t burn down. If___ 17. Sue walked to work in the rain and caught a cold. If___ 18. I was sick yesterday, so I didn’t go to class. If ___ 19. Because Alan never eats breakfast, he always overeats at lunch. If ___ 20. Peter didn’t finish unloading the truck because John didn’t help him. If___ Part C: SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION 1.QUESTIONS WITH “HOW MUCH” What + be + the price of sth ? How much + be + sth ? How much + do/does + sth + cost? a.What is the price of this watch? How much ? b.What is the price of your car? How much .? c. What is the price of his coat? How much .? d. What is the price of her hat? How much ? e.What is the price of these beautiful scarves? How much ? f.How much are these oranges? What is ? g.How much is the pork? What is ? h.How much do these dresses cost? What is ? i.How much does the petrol cost? What is .? j.How much is a cup of coffee? What is ? 2. QUESTIONS WITH “ HOW TO GET TO” 29
30. Can you show/tell me the way to + a place? Can you tell me how to get to + a place ? a. Can you tell me the way to the bank? . b. Can you tell me the way to Chu Se post office? c. Can you tell me the way to the station? . d. Can you tell me the way to the pagoda? e. Can you tell me the way to the bank? f. Can you tell me the way to Ham Rong mountain? g. Can you tell me how to get to the bus station? h. Can you tell me how to get to the bus station? i. Can you tell me how to get to Tan Son Nhat Airport? j. Can you tell me how to get to Uncle Ho’s Mausoleum? k. Can you tell me how to get to the Cao Ba Quat seconary school? l. Can you tell me how to get to Chu Se market? 3. HAVE-THERE IS/ARE S + have There is/are a. The café has a lot of tables. b. Theatre programmes usually have lots of imformation . c. London has more than fifty theatres. d. The garden has a swimming pool. . e. The system has both private and state schools. f. My house has four rooms. g. There will be more than 8 billion people in the world in 2020 h. There have been more robberies in this town recently. 30
31. . i. There will be a lot of interesting TV programmes for people. 4. ADJECTIVE + NOUN S + be + adj + noun Noun + be + adj a. The national theatre has very comfortable seats. b. Our university has many large classrooms. . c. These are very valuable paintings. d. The book contains many beautiful illustrations. e. They are in unfavorable situations. . f. The university has got numerous outstanding professors. . g. The tower of the church is high. . h. We have got a magnificent view from our window. i. The test they did was not easy. j. The house my parents bought is comfortable. 5. WITH + NOUN- ADVERB S + V + with + noun S + V + adv a. He handled the chinawares with care. . b. He delivers his lecture with eloquence. c. The students listened to their teacher with great attention. d. They waited for the football match with excitement. e. The fishermen looked out to the sea with anxiety. f. The candidates took their exam with impatience. g. The sick people tried to endure the sufferings with impatience. 31
32. . h. We received him with pleasure. i. She kissed her teacher with thanks. . j. The boy rushed out of the room with horror. 6. IT + TAKES/TOOK S + V + time It takes/ took + (SO) + time + to_infi a. I accomplished this task in three months. . b. Jane spends 3 hours a week sorting stamps. . c. Any pictures that are taken will have to travel for 3 minutes before they reach the earth. . d. She wrote the letter in 30 minutes. . e. John finished his essay in two hours. . f. I washed all these clothes in an hour. g. The flight to Moscow lasted three and half an hour. h. We spend five hours getting to London. . i. The passengers spent one hour and a half to fly to HN. j. The engineers completed the construction work in 100 days. 7. THE VERB “ MAKE” S + be + adj S + make + O + adj a. Why was she late? What b. The critics were strongly impressed by her performance. Her performance made . c. I am always nervous when I travel by air. Travelling d. He felt happy with the news. e. She felt happy with the toys. 32
33. The toys made . f. She heard the song and she felt homesick. The song made g. They were late because of heavy traffice. h. Nam’s sister is always sad when she sees that film. . i. He was successful thanks to his hard work. His hard work made . j. We work all day and we have no time to spare. Our work makes . 8. ADJECTIVE-ADVERB S + be + adj + noun S + verb + adv a. They are fast typists. b. He is a fluent speaker. c. Peter is a hard worker. d. Van is a good singer. e. They are fast runners. . f. Morgan is a slow driver. g. Tony and Bob are very good footballers. h. We are lazy students. . i. Mary is an excellent dancer. . j. They are frequent church goers. . 9.EXCLAMATORY SENTENCES S + be + adj What + (a/an) + adj + n ! How + adj + S +be S + V + adv How + adv + S + V ! a. She is a very graceful girl. What b. How fast he run! He is c. The meal was excellent. What 33
34. d. This is a beautiful picture. What e. She sang very beautifully. How f. What a sweet little girl! She g. What a great idea! That is h. What a beautiful home you have! You i. How nice that Jane could come with you! It is j. How nice she is! What a . 10. TO LIKE- TO BE FOND OF S + like + sth S + be + fond of sth a. I like detective stories. I am . b. She likes drinking coffee. She is c. Children like sweets. Children are d. The tourists like to lie on the beach sunbathing. The tourists e. We like to go camping in the mountains. We are f. Nobody is fond of liars. Nobody . g. She is fond of watching the sunset. She 11. LET-ALLOW S + let + O + do sth S+ allow + S.O + to do sth a. Bi let Ba keep the kitten. Ba allowed . b. The teacher didn’t let the class leave before 4:30. The teacher c. The police let the people enter the bank. The police d. Our parents let us do what we think we should. Our parents 34
35. e. The boss disn’t let her have a day off. The boss . f. The national laws allow us to do private businesses. The national laws . g. Thay don’t allow outsiders to attend their meeting. They don’t h. Thay don’t allow the students to smoke in class. They don’t i. She will allow her son to engage in social activities. She will j. The weather didn’t allow people to celebrate the ceremony in the open air. The weather didn’t 12. THE VERB “ SUGGEST” FOLLOWED BY PRESENT SUBJ a. Let’s + V S + suggest + that + S + present subj b. In my opinion c. S + advise d. Why don’t you do sth? Or S + suggest + V_ing a. “Let’s go for a walk in the part,” said Ann. Ann suggested that b. In my opinion you are not telling the truth. I suggested . c. “ I’d take a taxi if I were you”, said Peter. Peter suggested d. The doctor advised me to take a rest. The doctor suggested e. “ Why don’t you complain to the company, Peter?” said William. William suggested . f. Why don’t you meet to discuss the pay offer? I suggest g. “Why don’t you go on a walking holiday?” Jane said. Jane suggested . h. “Why don’t you buy a food processor?” said Mary. i. The policeman told us to fit new locks on the door. j. “Why don’t you buy this picture as a wedding present?” said Nga. 13. TO BE SUPPOSED TO a. It’s one’s duty to do sth S + be + supposed to do sth b. S + be + thought to + V a. It is your duty to obey him. You are . b. Yogurt is thought to be good for you. 35
36. Yogurt is c. Swimming is believed to be good for our health. Swimming is . d. Exercise is thought to do us good. . e. Drinking alcohol is said to do us harm. . f. It’s your duty to be on time. g. Nobody wanted you to be hare. h. Everybody expected the flight to be on time. i. It’s your duty to help his parents with housework. j. People wanted the train to arrive at 6.00 The train was 14. PREFER- WOULD RATHER a. S + would prefer S + would rather + S + past subj b. S + like .better than S + would rather than . c. S + prefer S + would rather + V. a. He would prefer you to tell him a story. He’d rather b. We’d prefer you not to smoke. We’d rather . c. Daisy likes to eat fish better than meat. d. They like to go to the zoo better than to the cinema. . e. Peter likes to be a tractor driver better than to be a farmer. . f. We prefer to stay at home tonight. . g. Tony would rather watch sports on TV than play. Tony prefers h. Mr Ba likes to live in a city better than in the countryside. Mr Ba would rather i. I like to be a worker beter than to be a farmer. . j. He likes to be a supporter better than to be a player. 15. THE VERB KEEP/FIND + O + ADJ S + V + O S + keep/find + O + adj S + find + it ( unreal object ) + adj + to_infi 36
37. a. The heavy traffic annoys the residents. The residents find . b. We must clean and tidy our school. We must keep . c. Some visitors to Britain get depressed by the weather. Some visitors to Britain find . d. Cark has no problems in marking friends. Cark finds it e. He found that it was difficult to tell them the truth. He found it f. English pronunciation confuses us. We find g. We think that learning English grammer is easy. We find . h. The office work doesn’t allow us to rest. The office work keeps . i. We shouldn’t pollute our environment. We should keep j. Her words embrrassed us. We found . 16. TOO + ADJ + TO_INFI. AND SO THAT a. S + be + too + adj + to_infi S + be + so + adj + that + ( S + can’t + V_infi ) b. S + V + too + adv + to_infi S + V + so + adv + that + ( S + can’t + V_infi ) a. This iron bar is too cold for the worker to strike. . b. The news is too good to be truth. . c. He spoke too fast for anybody to understand. d. This tea is too hot for him to to drink. e. The cake was too hard for me to eat. . f. The production is too small to satisfy the need of our city. . g. The problem was too complicated for them to solve in a few months. h. The man was too tired to say a word. i. I think that my sister is too busy to help them. 37
38. I think j. Peter is too young to take part in the club. 17. ADJ/ADV+ ENOUGH a. S + be + so + adj + that + S + V b. S + be + too + adj + to_infi S + be + adj + enough + to_infi c. S + V + so + adv + that+ S + V S + V + adv + enough + to_infi a. The water was so cold that children could not swim in it. . b. Mike is too young to see the horror film. c. He acted so well that the audience was moved to tears. . d. She isn’t very intelligent so she can’t do that exercises. e. The paper mill is very large so it can satisfy the need of the whole country. f. Those exercises are easy so they could finish them in half an hour. g. The policeman could not run very fast, so he was unable to catch the burglar. h. There is no much beer, so you can’t all have a drink. i. I am very tired so I must go to bed early. j. Peter is too young to ride a bike. 18. HAD BETTER a. S + advise + O + to do sth b. S + ought to + do sth S + had beter + do sth Should a. Jonh advised Tom not to lend them any more money. b. “ I advised you to take a holiday.” The doctor continued. c. They are advised to travel by train. . d. I advised you to put your money in the bank. e. I advise you not to say anything like that again. 38
39. f. You ought to haveyour car serviced every two years. . g. They should quit smoking. h. We should train ourselves to become good citizens. . i. She is advised to take part in the music festival. j. You ought to take a rest. 19. USED TO a. S + once + past verb b. S + present verb ( negative ) any more S + used to + V_infi 20. TO BE USED TO a. S + be accustomed to + V_ing b. S + often + V S + be used to + V_ing c. This is the first time + The present perfect tense S + be not used to + V_ing a. They once started these machines by hand. b. He doesn’t get up late any more. c. I don’t listen to the radio any more. . d. They don’t have a dog any more. e. My brother doesn’t serve in the army any longer. f. Ben is not as keen on travel as she used to be. g. When he was young, he usually did morning exercises in the park. h. The man often spent his holiday in the mountain when he was young. i. Before he had the car, he went to work by bike. j. When I was young , I often got up early. . k. Janie isn’t accustomed to working so hard. . l. I often get up early. . m. My English friend finds driving on the right difficult. 39
40. n. This is the first timethat I have lived in a city with a high crime rate. o. She has always got up early in the morning. q. Working a large office is a new experience for me. . r. My brother is accustomed to living in a cold climate. s. I don’t normaly go into town by car. . t. My grandmother is not accustomed to the cold weather. u. This is the first time my daughter has eaten European food. 21. NOT ONLY BUT ALSO a. S + V + both .and . b. S + V + O/C + and + O/C S + V + not only .but also c. S + V + and + S + V a. You are both funny and witty. Not only b. She can enjoy a good meal and she can go fishing on the lake. She can not . c. They ate lamb chops and fish. d. The underground is quick and cheap. e. Mr Nam has read a novel by Shakespear and he has seen the film made from it. f. They like field events and they like team games. g. Daisy has both toothache and headache. . h. The pavements are both narrow and crowded. i. That boy was dirty and he was lazy, too. j. Mrs Phuong’s daughter is both beautiful and clever. 22. CAUSATIVE FORM 1. Causative active: S + get / ask / request / want + S.O + to do sth S + have + S.O + to do sth 2. Causative passive: S + have + sth + P.P a. Someone is going to repair my TV set tomorrow. 40
41. I am going to . b. They had the porter carry their luggage to a taxi. They had their . c. They had an electrician rewire their house last month. They had their house . d. I am going to ask somebody to mend your bike. I am going to have e. They had an old man cut the grass in their garden. They asked . f. Tom wanted Peter to wash that car. Tom had g. He didn’t have anymore repair his son’s bike. He didn’t want h. I requested them to carry suitcases to a taxi. I had them i. I asked my brother to fix the flat tyre yesterday. I had j. The teacher asks the girls to do needle work at home. The teacher has 23. ALTHOUGH AND IN SPITE OF Although + clause In spite of + Noun / gerund Despite a. We went on a picnic although the weather was cold. b. All of us will go to the meeting although it’s very far from here. c. Although Mr Chanh is nearly seventy, he still likes to participate in every community activity. d. . Although his knowledge of English is still poor, Nam gets along very well in class discussion. . e. Minh came to class in this morning although he had a bad cold. f. Old Mr Ba attended the tree planting ceremony although the weather was awfully sultry. . g. The people of HCM City will accomplish the “ green revolution” victoriously although water scarce. . h. Our country will become prosperous and powerful although we have to overcome many difficulties and hardships. . i. The guerillas will win the battle although the fascist government has many modern weapons. 41
42. j. The first-year students worked all afternoon in the trenches although it rained heavily. . 24. BE NECESSARY AND HAVE TO S + don’t need to S + be + not necessary / pointless S + don’t have to There is no need to S + needn’t a. It isn’t necessary to shout. You b. It is pointless to repair that old typewriter. That old c. . It isn’t necessary to make an appointment to see the bank manager. There is no d. In the event, the extra insurance we took out wasn’t necessary. In the event, we needn’t . e. It isn’t necessary for you to finish by Saturday. f. It isn’t necessary to have any previous experience to apply for the job. g. It isn’t necessary for us to repay the loan. h. It isn’t necessary for me to explain all the recent absenteeism. i. It isn’t necessary for you to do the test. j. It will be necessary for her to give up her job soon. Soon she 25. THE VERB “MAY” Perhaps + S + will or S + will probaly + V Look as if It is possible that S + May Seem There’s a good chance + S + will + V In all probability / likelihood + S + will + V It’s quite likely that + S + will + V a. I think it may rain. It looks as if b. The house may have been occupied for several months. It looks as if . c. It may solve my problem, but I haven’t just had time to read it. 42
43. Perhaps it d. If I am lucky I may get the job I have applied for. There’s e. The strikers may go back to work next week. In all f. Over the years one may become an authority on one’s hobby. Over the years it is quite g. They might have a party at the Town Hall. They probably h. Mr Grey’s business may be better than he says it is. It is possible i. George may work in a bank. It is possible j. Mr and Mrs Grey may have dinner in a cheaper restaurant now. It is possible . 26. SURPRISE-FANCY What a surprise to do sth Fancy + doing a. What a surprise to see you here! Fancy b. What a surprise to plant vegetables on the top floor of the building! c. What a surprise to hear that he passed his college entrance exam! d. What a surprise to learn well in a such a condition! e. What a surprise to learn a language in 24 hours! f. Fancy having a swim in this clod weather! What a surprise g. Fancy living in the condition of zero gravity! h. Fancy raeding with blind eyes! i. Fancy working underground for months! j. Fancy cutting the trees on the lightlines! 27. PROUD-PRIDE S + be proud of S + pride + oneself + on. 43
44. a. Miss Nga is proud of her cooking. b. She is proud of being such a good cook. c. We must be proud of our country. . d. She is proud of having saved the drowned child. e. Everybody is proud of what they do. f. The girl is proud of her beauty. g. The boy prides himself on his success. h. He prides himself on remaining calm in an emergency. i. My parents pride themselves on making us what we are today. . j. The president prides himself on the development of the nation’s economy. 28. IT’S HIGH TIME It’s high time + S + past subjunctive a. You really should be able to dress yourself by now. It’s high time you . b. “ It’s time for you to go to the hospital,” Sam said to Hellen. “It’s time you . c. When is the council going to do something about the city’s traffic problems? It’s high time something d. I had better get back to work. e. The government should really do something about air pollution. f. Children should be in bed by now. . g. We ought to find out how much it’s going to cost. h. We haven’t visited Uncle Peter for ages. . i. We ought to find out why he is in London. . 44
45. 29. WOULD RATHER + CLAUSE AND IF ONLY 1. If only + past subjunctive Past perfect subjunctive 2. S + would rather + S + subjunctive a. “It’s silly of you to worry so much!” Helen answered, laughing. “ If only you b. What a pity he didn’t spend more time revising. If only . c. Would you mind not smoking in here? I’d rather . d. You should admit that you’re to blame, not try to conceal it. e. I would prefer you not to smoke in here. f. I don’t want you to smoke in here. g. Please don’t interupt me when I am speaking. . h. Please don’t tell him. . i. I would prefer you to deliver the sofa on Saturday. 30. DOUBLE COMPARATIVES If + S2 + V2 + comparative adj / adv + S1 + V1 the comparative adj / adv + S2 + V2 the comparative adj / adv + S1 + V1 a. If you work harder, you make more products. The harder you work, b. If you have a better job, you get higher pay. The better the job, c. If you are happier, you look younger. The happier d. If there are more people, it will be better. The more people . e. If they rise higher, they will fall harder. The higher f. If it rains and rains, you feel more like not going out. The more it rains . 45
46. g. If you get here sooner, we’ll be able to start out sooner. The sooner . h. If you hear more about it, you become more anxious. The more you . i. If the letter is heavier, you have to put more stamps on it. The heavier the letter j. If you travel to more places, you find out more about the world. The more places PART E CONDITIONAL SENTENCES D. Rewrite these sentences, using Conditional Sentences: 16. She is very shy; that’s why she doesn’t enjoy parties. 17. He is very unhealthy because he doesn’t take any exercise. 18. I didn’t see the signal, so I didn’t stop. 19. The only way that I can take you is my father lends me a car. 20. He doesn’t save enough to buy a computer but he’d like to 21. I’d like to go with you tonight but I am very busy. 22. She wasn’t able to answer the questions, so she failed the exam. 23. The reason why I didn’t phone you was that I didn’t know your phone number. 24. Without the sun, we wouldn’t exist. 25. Peter was very nervous and failed the driving test. 26. I can’t tell you what time it is because I don’t have a watch. 27. She didn’t learn mathematics; that’s why she was cheated by that salesman. 28. We missed the train because the clock wasn’t right. 29. The dress is very expensive, so she can’t buy it. 30. The teacher was very angry. His pupils did their homework carelessly E. Use the correct tense of the verbs in brackets: 11. Your son wil be if he (eat) ___ too much green fruit. 12. If dinner (not be)___ ready, we’ll go without it. 13. You shouldn’t study hard if you (want)___ to pass the final exam. 14. Unless he (ask)___ you, don’t give him anything. 46
47. 15. What (happen)___ if I press this button? 16. You could understand the lesson better if you (not talk)___ in class so much. 17. I’ll go mad unless he (turn)___ the radio off. 18. We (not have)___ to walk a long way if we hadn’t run out of petrol. 19. If the story (not be)___ true, the newspaper wouldn’t have printed it. 20. What___you (do)___ if you (be)___ a millionaire? F. Rewrite these sentences as directed: 21. He doesn’t eat fish when he isn’t extremely hungry. If___ 22. We didn’t hurry, so we were late for the concert. If___ 23. In order to get a driver’s license, you must be at least 18 years old. If you___ 24. A person must have a passport to be able to travel abroad. A person cannot travel abroad unless___ 25. Ann’s having a lot of trouble because she lost her passport last week. If___ 26. Tom doesn’t do anything if you don’t tell him what to do. Unless___ 27. We must take steps to preserve natural resources, or the planet will be in danger. Unless___ 28. It’s such a pity your sister can’t come as well. If only___ 29. The soil would become poor unless the farmer added fertilizers. If ___ 30. You probably won’t have time, but I’d like you to come and see. If ___ 31. There were such a lot of traffic; that’s why we are late. Had___ 32. I couldn’t have managed it without your help. If___ 33. It was her determination which enable her to get better so quickly. If___ 34. He doesn’t get a job, so he can’t pay his bills. If___ 35. She isn’t fit because she sits around too much. If___ 36. The fire brigade came immediately, so the house didn’t burn down. If___ 37. Sue walked to work in the rain and caught a cold. If___ 38. I was sick yesterday, so I didn’t go to class. If ___ 39. Because Alan never eats breakfast, he always overeats at lunch. If ___ 40. Peter didn’t finish unloading the truck because John didn’t help him. 47
48. If___ PART F: INVERSION - Đảo ngữ vì có trạng từ /cụm trạng từ đầu câu: Near the church was an old ruined cottage. Often have I heard it said that he is not to be trusted. Twice within my life time have was world wars taken place. Such was the tale he told me. - Đảo ngữ vì có (trạng) từ phủ định đầu câu: In no circumstance could I agree to such a proposal. Not until all attempts at negotiation had failed did the men decide to go on strike. - Đảo ngữ vì có ONLY đầu câu không phụ nghĩa cho chủ ngữ : ONLY + RARELY/ WHEN/ THEN ONLY + PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE . Only rarely has an accident occurred. Only in Central Vietnam have I seen such scenery as that. - Đảo ngữ vì có HERE/ THERER ở đầu câu: There is a letter for you on the desk. Here is your pen. - Đảo ngữ vì có HERE/ THERE trong câu cảm: There goes the bus! Here comes George! - Đảo ngữ vì có SO/ NEITHER/ SO . THAT: I didn’t go to the movies, neither did he. I went to the movies, so did he. So tired was the man that he can’t work more. - Đảo ngữ vì có tân ngữ được phụ nghĩa bởi tính từ phủ định ở đầu câu: Little help will you get from him. 48
49. - Đảo ngữ vì xoá bỏ IF trong câu điều kiện (Dùng WERE/ SHOULD/ HAD): Had I met you before, we may have been friends. (If I had met you before, we may have been friends.) Were I you, I would help her. (If I were you, I would help her.) Should we hear any further news, we will be in touch immediately. (If we hear any further news, we will be in touch immediately.) - Đảo ngữ vì có PREDICATE (Subjective complement) ở đầu câu: Present at the meeting were the Prime Minister and all members of the Parliament. EXERCISES Choose the most suitable option to complete the sentences. – Not until a monkey is several years old to exhibit signs of independence from its mother. A. it begins B. does it begin C. and begin D. is it begin – did Jerome accept the job. o Only because it was an interesting work. B. Because it was an interesting work. o Only because it was an interested work. D. The work was interesting. – great was the destruction that the south took decades to recovered. A. Very B. too C. Such D. So – . The Charges found themselves 7-0 down. A. Hardly had the games begun B. Hardly the games had begun C. The games had hardly begun D. Hardly had begun the games – Not until the fist land plants developed A. land animals appeared B. did land animals appear C. would land animals appear D. the land animals appeared – Not until it was too late . I call Susan. A. I remembered B. did I remember C. did I remembered D. I did remember – Never before . Such a wonderful child. A. I have seen B. I had seen C. I saw D. have I seen – Hardly had we settle down in our seats the lights went out. A. than B. when C. then D. after – Only after checking three times certain of the answer. Jim promised that never would he tell anyone else. A. I was B. was I C. were I D. I were – Only when he is here, A. he speaks English B. does he speak English C. he can speak English D. he does speak English Rewrite these sentences using inversion. – As a boy I have climbed that hill many a time. – His faithful dog sat by his site. – The book that you wanted is here. 49
50. – The young man came into the room. – He had hardly gone out when it began to rain. – You should act thus and not otherwise. – Keith can be held responsible for the accident in no way. – I was shown how to operate the machine at no time. – Miss Weaver will be offered the job under no circumstance. – I will go all that way to visit him again on any account. Rewrite these sentences, using inversion 1. You will find so many happy people nowhere else. 2. He has first class brain but he also a tremendously hard worker not only . 3. They had granted one increase of pay than they asked for another no sooner. 4. It is seldom wise to disregard the advice that he gives. 5. I had heard such ac extraordinary story never before. 6. He had rarely met such a beautiful girl. 7. He knows little what is going on. 8. They will stay in that hotel never again. 9. A movie can very seldom hold my attention like this one. 10. They have invited us to their home not once. Rewrite these sentences using NEVER, RARELY, SELDOM or LITTLE. 1. I have never heard such nonsense! 2. Our profits this year are higher than they have ever been. 3. One rarely finds good service these days. 50
51. 4. Public borrowing has seldom been so high. 5. They little suspected that the musical was going to be a runaway success. 6. The embassy staff little realized that Ted was a secret agent. Rewrite these sentences, using IN, AT , UNDER, or ON. 7. Keith certainly can’t be held responsible for the accident. 8. The children themselves are not in any way to blame for the disaster. 9. The existence of extraterrestrial is not confirmed by the report. 10. I was never shown how to operate the machinery. 11. He never suspected that she was a witch. 12. There has never been a time when the English language was not in a state of change. 13. Miss Weaver will not be offered the job under any circumstances. 14. You should not send money to us by post under any circumstances. 15. We can’t exchange tickets in any circumstances. 16. I won’t go out that way to visit him again on my account! Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with NOT. 17. He is my friend as well as yours. 18. He booked tickets for the afternoon performance and the evening performance as well. 19. Burglars stole a thousand pounds’ worth of electrical goods, and left the flat in an awful mess. 20. Tony was not only late, but he had left all his books behind. 21. You will enhance your posture and improve your acting ability on this course. Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with ONLY. 22. I only realized how dangerous the situation had been when I got home. 23. It wasn’t until last week that the Agriculture Minister admitted defeat. 24. I understood Hamlet only after seeing it on the stage. 25. They didn’t get round to business until they had finished eating. 26. They had to wait for twelve hours before their flight left. 51
52. Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with SHOULD, WERE OR HAD 27. If the chemical were to leak, a large area of the sea would be contaminated. 28. If Germany were to beat Romania, they would face Italy in the final. 29. If Mr. Morgan were still head master, he would not permit such bad behavior. 30. If you had given it on time, you would have got a high mark. 31. If she had become a lawyer, as her parents wished, she would have earned a large salary. 32. If anything has gone wrong with my plan, I would have held responsibility. 33. If the Government were forced into another election, it would be the favorite to win. 34. If you should wish to make an appointment to see Dr Simons, she is available between 9.00 and 11.00. 35. If you should have further problems with your printer, contact your dealer for advice. 36. If you should decide to accept the post, you will be expected to start work on 1st April. Rewrite each of the following sentences with the given words in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed above it. 37. He spent all his money. He even borrowed some from me. Not only___ 38. He had hardly left the office when the telephone rang.  No sooner ___ 39. I had only just put the phone down when the boss rang back.  Hardly ___ 40. He didn’t finish his work until the bell rang.  Not until ___ 41. We only began to see the symptoms of the disease after several months.  Only ___ 42. I have never seen anyone in my life drink as much as you.  Never ___ 43. A sleeping dog was lying under the table.  Under the table ___ 44. His brother had rarely been more excited. Rarely___ 45. The facts were not all made public until later. Only___ 46. If I had realized what would happen, I wouldn’t have accepted the job. Had___ 47. The response to our appeal was so great that we have to take on more staff.  Such___ 48. Harry broke his leg, and also injured his shoulder. Not only ___ 49. The police didn’t at all suspect that the judge was the murderer.  Little ___ 50. If you do happen to see Helen, could you ask her to call me? Should___ 51. The bus driver can not be blamed for the accident in any way. 52
53.  In ___ 52. The snowfall was so heavy that all the trains had to be cancelled.  So ___ 53. If the government raised interest rates. They would lose the election. Were___ 54. As soon as I got into the bath, someone knocked at the door.  No sooner ___ 55. There was so much uncertainty that the financial markets remained closed. Such___ 56. It’s not common for there to be so much rain in March. Seldom___ 57. You won’t allowed in until your identify has been checked. Only___ 58. Just after the play started there was a power failure. Hardly___ 59. The Prime Minister has hardly ever made a speech as inept as this. Rarely___ 60. We had only just arrived home when the police called. Scarcely___ 61. Press photographers are banned from taking photographs backstage.  On no___ 62. The way so much money has been spent to so little purpose must be a record.  Never before___ 63. The judge was taken ill just after the trial proceedings began.  Rarely___ PHẦN III. TUYỂN TẬP ĐỀ THI HSG 6,7,8,9 TRÊN TOÀN QUỐC Phßng GD vò th­ ®Ò THI häc sinh giái n¨m häc 2007 -2008 m«n tiÕng anh 6 A. Pronunciation : Choose the word having the underlined letters pronounced differently from the others 1. A. call B. fall C. shall D. wall 6. A. thank B. that C. this D. those 2. A. clown B. down C. own D. town 7. A. cost B. most C. post D. roast 3. A. above B. glove C. love D. move 8. A. arm B. charm C. farm D. warm 4. A. cow B. show C. know D. throw 9. A. come B. home C. some D. none 5. A. clear B. dear C. hear D. pear 10. A. cow B. now C. how D. show B.Vocabulary & grammar I. Choose the best answer 1. His lips aren’t full. They are___ ( fat, weak, thin, long) 2. Lemonade, apple juice, soda and ___ are cold drinks ( beans, noodles, vegetables, iced tea) 3. We have English on Tuesday and on Saturday. We have it ___ a week ( once, twice, two times, three times) 4. Lan and Nam often listen to music in ___free time. ( your, his, her, their) 5. Mai doesn’t like playing soccer. She ___ plays soccer. ( always, usually, never, often) 6. He wants ___ an engineer. ( to be, being, be, is) 7. They would like some milk ___ dinner. ( in, at, for, of) 8. Minh often goes___ in the mountains on the weekend. ( walking, travel, walk, to walk) 9. She listens to music ___ a week ( two days, always, twice, every ) 53
54. 10. ___ I help you? Yes. I’d like some beef. ( Do, Am, Would, Can) II. Complete the following sentences with an appropriate form of the verb in brackets 1. My sister always( wear) nice clothes for work. Today she (wear) a blue jacket and shirt 2. Why you (buy) so much food ? ~ Because we ( have) a party tonight, 3. That film ( come) to the local cinema next week. You ( want) to see it? 4. It ( not rain ) right now. The sun ( shine ) and the sky is blue. 5. Alice ( not take) the bus to school every day. She usually ( walk) instead III. Complete the following sentences with an appropriate form of the word in brackets 1. There are four ___in my house. Bookshelf. 2. The photocopy is between the ___ and the drugstore. Bake 3. Is your brother an___? act 4. Mai's sister is a ___ sing 5. We must be ___ when we cross the road. care 6. This tree has a lot of green ___ leaf 7. Is your father a ___ ? business 8. I’m Vietnamese. What’s your ___ ? nation 9. Air is a big problem in many cities in the world. pollute 10. Yoko is from Japan. She is ___ Japan IV. Find and correct the mistakes 1. My mother is going to the market with my 5. I'm twenty-one year old and I' m a student. 2. Mr. Minh rides his bike to work at the moment. 6. A lot of my friends play soccer, but not much of them play 3. How many homework does Lan have every day? tennis. 4. The Browns are traveling to Ho Chi Minh City in 7. Minh and his father are going to plant trees in the garden now. train. 8. Are they many students in your class? C. Reading I. Complete the passage. Fill in each gap with a suitable word given. finishes are students has big in yard grade on street Here is a photo of my school. It’s a (1)___ school. It is (2) ___ the city. It’s on Nguyen Hue (3) ___ . In my school, there is a big (4) ___ and there (5) ___ a lot of trees around it. My school (6) ___ three floors and forty classrooms with 1,700 (7) ___. My classroom is (8) ___ the second floor. I’m in (9) ___ 6, class 6A. Our class starts at 7.00 and (10) ___ at 11.30 II. Read the passage and then fill True(T) or False(F) for each sentence below It’s six o’clock in the evening. Many people are at home. They are having dinner. They are watching T.V. They are listening to music. But Mrs. Bich is going to the work. She’s a doctor and she works at night in the hospital. Today she’s late. The hospital is not in her neighborhood so she usually goes by car. Mrs. Bich is in her car now. She’s driving fast. She should slow down but she must be at work by six thirty. A policeman stops her. “ You are driving too fast !” he says. You are going to have an accident. It’s six thirty. Mrs. Bich is not at the hospital. She’s at the police station. Her car must stay there for fourteen days. 1. Many people are not working 6. She is late for work 2. Mrs. Bich comes home every evening at six 7. She is a dangerous driver 3. Mrs. Bich is a night doctor 8. A policeman doesn’t keep her car 4. The hospital is near her house 9. She arrives at the hospital at 6.30 5. She goes to work by motorbike 10. She isn’t going to drive her car for two weeks III. Read the passage and answer the questions: Salina lives in a village in Africa. Her day starts at 4 o’clock. She gets up, and she walks three kilometers to the river. She collects some water, and carries it back to her house. The water is very heavy. It isn’t clean but there isn’t any water in the village. Salina doesn’t go to school. She can’t read or write. She helps her mother in the house. Questions: 1. Where does Salina live? 5. Where does Salina help her mother? 2. What does Salina do after she gets up? 6. What does she collect? 3. Is the water clean? 7. Does Salina go to school? 4. Can Salina read? 8. Is the water very heavy? D. Writing: 54
55. I. Choose the best answer 1. newspaper/ a / day / I / read / every // a. I read newspaper every day b. I read a newspaper every day c. I read every day a newspaper d. I every read a day newspaper 2. Lunch / a / grandfather / after / always / sleep / has. a. Grandfather always has a sleep after lunch. b. Grandfather has always a sleep after lunch. c. Grandfather always has sleep after a lunch. d. Grandfather always sleep after has a lunch. 3. famous / reading / I / people / about / like / books. a. I like reading books about people famous. b. I like reading about famous people books. c. I like reading about people famous books. d. I like reading books about famous people. 4. listen / I / the / my / car / radio / usually / in / to. a. I usually listen to the radio in my car. b. I listen usually to the radio in my car. c. I usually listen to my radio in the car. d. I usually listen in my to the radio. 5. face / eyes / big / Lan / round / black / a / and / has. a. Lan has a round face and big black eyes b. Lan has round face and a big black eyes c. Lan has a round face and black big eyes d. Lan has round face and a black big eyes 6. there / house / many / of / your / how / cans / are / food / in ? a. How many food of cans are there in your house? b. How many cans food are there of in your house? c. How many cans of food there are in your house? d. How many cans of food are there in your house? II. Rewrite each of the following sentences, beginning with the words given 1. Does your have twenty-five students? Are there ? 2. How much does a bowl of noodles cost?  How much is ? 3. The work is very hard and he can’t do it.  This work is too 4. Mr. Minh has a daughter, Lan .  Mr. Minh is 5. What is the width of this river?  How ? 6. My mother often drives to work.  My mother often goes 7. What is the price of a cake and an orange?  How ? 8. That book belongs to Nam. That is The end PHOØNG GD – ÑT HOAØI NHÔN ĐỀ THI HOÏC SINH GIOÛI NAÊM 2008 – 2009 MOÂN : Anh 6 - Thôøi gian : 90 phuùt I . Choïn ñaùp aùn thích hôïp nhaát (A,B,C,or D)ñeå hoaøn thaønh caùc caâu sau . (Ghi ñaùp aùn vaøo oâ traû lôøi beân döôùi baøi taäp).( 2,0 ms) 1. Nam___English on Monday and Friday. A. not have B. isn’t have C. don’t have D. doesn’t have 2. We go to school at ___ in the morning. A. a quarter to seven B. seven to a quarter C. seven quarter D. a quarter seven to 3. Do children have math on Monday ? - . A. Yes, they have B. No, they don’t C. Yes, they don’t D. No, they not have 4. Mr. Nam gets up at 7.00 and eats ___ A. a big breakfast B. the big breakfast C. big breakfast D. a breakfast big 5. Is her school ___the park ? A. in front of B. next C. in front to D. near to 6. Is this her___? A. erasers B. books C. an eraser D. eraser 7. Tan likes ___ weather because he can go swimming. A. hot B. cold C. windy D. foggy 55