Đề cương ôn tập học kỳ II môn Tiếng Anh Lớp 10 - Dương Thanh

Nội dung text: Đề cương ôn tập học kỳ II môn Tiếng Anh Lớp 10 - Dương Thanh

1. Review for the final test (By duong thanh) I/ PRONUNCIATION /S / AND /ED/ A. CÁCH PHÁT ÂM S/ ES Có 3 cách đọc âm tận cùng S: (1) /IZ/: Sau S, CE, GE, Z, CH, SH, X (2) /S/ : Sau F,T, TH, K, P, PH ( voiceless sound) (3) /Z/ : Sau các mẫu tự khác: b, g, n, l, d, v, m, r, y, i, w, o (voiced sound) Bài tập ứng dụng: Exercise 1: 1A. stylesB. students C. things D. delights 2. A. sports B. teams C. names D. friends 3. A. caps B. cooks C. pubs D. cuts 4. A. thoughts B. feelings C. dreams D. ideas 5. A. minerals B. plants C. things D. regions 6. A. seasons B. tourists C. animals D. depends 7. A. sports B. teams C. names D. friends 8. A. snacks B. follows C. readers D. titles 9. A. rubs B. books C. stops D. wants 10. A. stops B. eats C. roofs D. loves 11. A. houses B. rides C. washes D. passes 12. A. neighbors B. friends C. relatives D.photographs 13. A. texts B. provides C. documents D. helps 14. A. helps B. provides C. documents D. texts 15. A. scientists B. satellites C. abnormalities D. birthmarks Exercise 2 1. A. proofs B. books C. points D. days 2. A. asks B. breathes C. breaths D. hopes 3. A. sees B. sports C. pools D. trains 4. A. tombs B. lamps C. brakes D. invites 5. A. books B. floors C. combs D. drums 6. A. cats B. tapes C. rides D. cooks 7. A. walks B. begins C. helps D. cuts 8. A. shoots B. grounds C. concentrates D. forests 9. A. helps B. laughs C. cooks D. finds 10. A. hours B. fathers C. dreams D. thinks 11. A. beds B. doors C. plays D. students 12. A. arms B. suits C. chairs D. boards 13. A. boxes B. classes C. potatoes D. finishes 14. A. relieves B. invents C. buys D. deals 15. A. dreams B. heals C. kills D. tasks 16. A. resources B. stages C. preserves D. focuses 17. A. carriages B. whistles C. assures D. costumes 18. A. offers B. mounts C. pollens D. swords 19. A. miles B. words C. accidents D. names 20. A. sports B. households C. minds D. Plays A. GRAMMAR I. Conditional Sentences 1. Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences. 1. If I .a lot of money now, I a new car. a. have /will buy b. have / would buy c. had/ will buy d. had/ would buy. 2. If I you, I .do that. a. am/ will b. were /would c. were/ will d. had been/ would. 3. if I were offered the job, I think I . it. a. take b. will take c. would take d. would have taken. 4. I would be very surprised if he
2. a. refuses b. refused c. had refused d. would refuse. 5. Many people would be out of work if that factory down. a. closes b. had closed c. closed d. would close. 6. If she sold her car, she much money. a. gets b. would get c. will get d. would have got. 7. They would be disappointed if we . a. hadn’t come b. wouldn’t come c. don’t come d. didn’t come. 8. Would John be angry if I . his bicycle without asking? a. take b. took c. had taken d. would take. 9. She .terrible upset if I lost this ring. a. will be b. would be c. were d. had been. 10. If someone in here with a gun, I would be very frightened. a. would walk b. walks c. had walked d. walked. 2. Put the verbs into the right form 1. If I see him I (give) him a lift. 2 If you meet her, (phone) me 3. If I find your passport I (telephone) . you at once. 6. If you had done as I talk you, you (succeed). 7. If I followed his advice, I (be) a fool. 8. If I (lose) my license, I shall lose my job. 9. If he had gotten one more mark, he (pass) the exam. 10. If I make a promise, I (keep) it. 11. If I (be) in your shoes, I wouldn’t buy that house. 12. I would have been glad if he (visit) me in hospital. 13. If they were rich, they (stay) at a hotel. 14. If he had offered me the job, I (take) it. 15. She will be angry if you (not, tell) the truth. 16. If Jack (come) to my party, I would have danced with him. 17. If he (drive) more carefully, he would not cause an accident. 18. The Millers (move) to the seaside if they had had children. 19. If they take their medicine, they (feel) better. 20. If you meet him, (tell) . him to call me. 3. Rewrite following sentences 1. Save some money or you won’t able to buy the house. If 2. Because I don’t meet her, I don’t give her your letter. If 3. They are too slow, they can’t win the mach. If . 4. She is too weak, she can’t take any exercise. -> If 5. People don’t understand him because he doesn’t speak clearly. -> If 6. I didn’t watch T.V last night because I was busy. -If 7. I didn’t see the signal, so I didn’t stop. -> If 8. We got lost because we didn’t have a map.
3. -> If . . 9. We stayed up late last night and we were so tired. -> If . . 10. He wasn’t able to answer the questions, so he failed the exam. -> If . . 11. One of the reason I didn’t phone you was that I was very busy. -> If . . II. Reported speech 1. Change following sentences into the reported speech 1. Nam said, “my uncle often plants the vegetables in the afternoon.” 1. “My uncle will not plant the vegetables tomorrow afternoon”, she said. . 2. “Mr and Mrs Pike have just read these newspapers”, Nga said. 3. She said, “I often listen to music at night.” 4. Lan’s mother said, “ My daughter usually brushes her teeth before meals.” 5. They said, “We have to do the assignments now.” . 6. Lan says, “My sister seldom rides a bike to school.” 7. They said, “Our teacher sometimes explains the difficult lesson.” . Nam said, “ I am doing my homework now.” III. SO THAT/ IN ORDER THAT/ IN ORDER TO 1) Dùng SO THAT/IN ORDER THAT : ex1: I’m studying hard. I want to keep pace with my classmates.  I’m studying hard so that I can keep pace with my classmates. S1 + V + O. S2 + want/like/hope + to + V0 + O.  S1 + V + O so that S2 + can/could/will/would + V0 + O. sau want/ like/ hope là to thì ta bỏ chúng thay bằng can/could/will/would ex2: Alice prepares her lessons carefully. She wants to get high marks in class.  -Nếu sau các chữ want, like, hope có túc từ thì lấy túc từ đó ra làm chủ từ. ex3: I give you the book .I want you to read it.  I give you the book so that you can read it. S1 + V + O. S2 + want/like/hope +O + to + V0 + O.  S1 + V + O so that O->S2 + can/could/will/would + V0 + O. sau want/ like/ hope là O rồi mới đến to thì ta bỏ chúng thay bằng can/could/will/would, sau đó đem O lên thay cho S2 ex4: Please shut the door. I don’t want the dog to go out of the house.  . 2) Dùng IN ORDER TO/SO AS TO/TO : S1 + V + O. S2 + want/like/hope + to + V0 + O.  S1 + V + O In Order To/So As To/To trước V0 + O. ( S1 = S2 . Bỏ S2, bỏ luôn want/like/hope + to thêm In Order To/So As To/To trước V0 + O. )
4. I study hard .I want to pass the exam. -> I study hard in order to pass the exam. S1 + V + O. S2 + want/like/hope +O + to + V0 + O.  S1 + V + O In Order for O To/So As for O To + V0 + O. ( S1 = S2 . Bỏ S2, bỏ luôn want/like/hope + to thêm In Order for O To/So As for O To V0 + O. ) 1) People use money so that they can buy things they need. (in order to) ___ 2) Banks are developed so that they can keep people’s money safe. (in order to) ___ 3) Mr. Brown is going to the bank to borrow some money. (so that ) ___ 4) Alice borrowed an eraser to erase a mistake in his composition. (so that ) ___ 5) I need to buy some laundry detergent so that I will wash my clothes. (in order to) ___ 6) I moved to the front of the room so as to see better. (so that ) ___ 7) I came to this school so that I could learn English . (in order to) ___ 8) He gave her the key for her to open the door. (so that ) ___ 9) Mary took her brother to school for him to learn English. (so that ) ___ 10) Please arrive early for us to start the meeting on time. (so that ) ___ 11) He wrote to David of his interest in science to ask for work. (so that ) ___ 12) Kathy built a high wall round her garden for the fruits not to be stolen. (so that ) ___ 13) Tom was playing very softly so that he wouldn’t disturb anyone. (in order not to) ___ 14) They rushed into the burning house so that they could save the child. (in order to) ___ 15) Lan often attends English Speaking Club to practice speaking English. (so that ) ___ 16) He stood on the chair to see better. (in order to) ___ 17) Please shut the gate for the cows not to get out of the cowshed. (so that ) ___ 18) The boy tiptoed into the room not to wake every body up. (so that ) ___ IV. Adjectives of attitude V. It is/ was not untill that Vi. a/an and the. A. Adjectives of attitude or adjectives ending in ‘ –ing’ or ‘ – ed’ (Các tính từ chỉ thái độ hoặc các tính từ tận cùng bằng đuôi –Ing hoặc – ed. a) Một số động từ khi thêm –Ing hoặc - ed được dùng như một tính từ, chúng có nghĩa tương tự nhưng cách dùng thì khác nhau. Cụ thể: * Tính từ ‘ –ing ‘ thường có ý nghĩa “ gây ra” (thường dùng để chỉ bản chất sự việc, hiện tượng hay con người). * Tính từ ‘ –ed’ thường có ý nghĩa là “bị/ được” (thường dùng cho người).
5. Ví dụ: - Learning English is interesting. - Many students are interested in learning English. b) Một số tính từ tận cùng “-ing” và “-ed” thường gặp: V ADJ Nghĩa của từ - amaze amazing/amazed kinh ngạc - amuse amusing/amuzed vui nhộn - bore boring/ bored chán - confuse confusing/ confused khó hiểu/ rối trí - disappoint disappointing/ disappointed thất vọng - excite exciting/ excited hồi hộp - fascinate fascinating/fascinated hấp dẫn - frighten frightening/ frightened sợ hãi - interest interesting/ interested thú vị - please pleasing/ pleased hài lòng - shock shocking/ shocked bị choáng/ sốc - surprise surprising/ surprised ngạc nhiên - tire tiring/ tired mệt nhọc - worry worrying/ worried lo lắng B. It is/ was not untill that ( cho mãi đến khi/ cho đến tận khi). Untill – được dùng như một giới từ hoặc một liên từ trong mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian. Ví dụ: - she didn’t get home untill 2 a.m * Chúng ta có thể dùng cấu trúc: “It is / was not until that ” có nghĩa tương tự, nhưng có phần nhấn mạnh hơn. Ví dụ: - It was not untill 2 a.m that she got home. (Mãi đến 2h sáng cô ấy mới về nhà). * Chú ý: - “ It is / was not until ” phải nối với mệnh đề theo sau bằng THAT không dùng WHEN. Ví dụ: - It was not until 1990 that she got married. → Right. - It was not until 1990 when she got married → Wrong. C. Articles: “ a/ an and the” a) Cách dùng A/ AN. * “A/ AN” – dùng trước một danh từ đếm được số ít, với ý nghĩa là một (one). - “A” – dùng trước một phụ âm Ví dụ: - a house, a car, a man, a teacher, - “A” được dùng trước các danh từ bắt đầu bằng “u” nhưng phát âm là /ju:/ Ví dụ : a university, a uniform , - “AN” – dùng trước một nguyên âm (u, e, o, a, i). Ví dụ: - an apple, an actor, an old man, an easy job, => “A/ AN “ – được gọi là mạo từ bất định, nghĩa là không chỉ rõ người nào hoặc vật nào. Ví dụ: - There was a big tree in the garden. - “A/ AN” – thường được dùng trước một nghề nghiệp. Ví dụ: - My uncle is a farmer, and my auntis a housewife. b) Cách dùng “The” - “The” – có thể dùng trước một danh từ không đếm được, danh từ số ít hoặc số nhiều: the water, the pollution, the child, - “The” – là mạo từ xác định, nghĩa là chỉ rõ người nào hoặc vật nào mà người nói và người nghe đều biết.
6. Ví dụ: - Please! Turn down the television. - “The” – được dùng với danh từ có ý nghĩa là người hoặc vật duy nhất (nên không thể nhầm lẫn). Ví dụ: - the sun, the moon, the earth, the sky, the President, - “The” – theo sau là tính từ hoặc từ chỉ quốc tịch để chỉ một nhóm người. (Unit 4) Ví dụ: - The poor, the old, the homeless, - “The” – dùng trước tên sông, biển, đại dương, kênh đào, dãy núi, quần đảo. Ví dụ: - Sông: The Mekong river, the Nile, the Amazon, the Mississippi, - Biển, đại dương: the Pacific, the Atlantic, the Red sea, the Mediterranean, - Kênh đào: the Suez Cannal, the Panama Cannal, - Dãy núi: the Andes, the Alps, - Quần đảo: the Canaries, the Bahamas, the Hawaiian Islands, * Chú ý: Không dùng “the” trước tên quốc gia, thành phố, châu lục, một ngọn núi, một hòn đảo. Ví dụ: - Quốc gia: Vietnam, Engliand, - Thành phố: London, Paris,Hanoi, - Châu lục: Asia, Europe, - Ngọn núi: Mount Everest, Mount Fuji, - Một hòn đảo: Phu quoc Island, - “The” – trước tên một số quốc gia, thường là khi tên quốc gia đó gồm một tập hợp nhiều từ, hoặc có ý nghĩa số nhiều. Ví dụ: - The Unite Kingdom, the Unite states, the Czech Republic, - “The” được dùng trong câu so sánh nhất Ví dụ : He is the best student in my class. c) Dùng “a/an” hoặc “the”. Trong một câu, chúng ta thường dùng “a/an” khi đề cập về người hoặc vật đó lần đầu, nếu chúng ta muốn đề cập đến người hoặc vật đó lần 2 thì ta dùng “the”. Ví dụ: - I saw a man walking with a dog in the park this morning. - The man was blind and the dog was leading him. Exercise: I. Comeplete the sentences with the suitable “-ed”, “-ing” form of the words in brackets. 1. The book I’m reading is really ___. (Interest) 2. I’m really ___ in reading this book. (Interest) 3. The girl was ___ about her coming birthday party. (Excite) 4. The match we saw on TV last night was very ___. (Excite) 5. The story I just finished had a very ___ ending. (Surprise) 6. I was really ___ by the ending of the story. (Surprise) 7. The characters in the story are ___ . (Fascinate) 8. The child is really ___ by the characters in the story. (Facsinate) 9. I’m ___ . I can’t understand the instructions on this box. (Confuse) 10. The instructions on the box are ___ . (Confuse) II. Rewrite the following sentences, using “It was not untill that ” 1. I didn’t finish the report until midnight. → It was not until 2. The manager didn’t return from his holiday untill Monday. → It was not until 3. She didn’t answer his phone call until he had phoned her the third time. → It was not until 4. They didn’t buy the house until the bank had lent them the money.
7. → It was not until 5. Denise didn’t know the truth until we had told her. → It was not until 6. The work on the new bridge wasn’t completed until the end of 2004. → It was not until 7. Julia didn’t notice me untill I had shouted to her. → It was not until 8. Olivia didn’t leave the office until everybody had gone home. → It was not until 9. No one could leave the stadium until 2.30. → It was not until 10.She wasn't allowed to open her presents until her birthday. → It was not untill 11.We didn't have any holiday until last summer. → It was not until 12. She didn't stop learning German until the age of 24. → It was not until 13. I couldn't finish my project until Mark helped me. → It was not until 14. I didn't sleep until midnight. → It was not until 15. They didn't pay the bill until the electricity was cut off. → It was not until 16. I couldn't comment further until I had all the information. → It was not until III. Finish the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first one. 1. It was not until she was twenty – nine that Paula decided to get married. → Paula 2. It was not until the sun had risen that I woke up. → I 3. It was not until I had showed it to him that Simon realized his mistake. → Simon 4. It was not until the spring came that the ice on the lake thawed. → The ice 5. It was not until the building was almost burned down that the firemen arrived. → The firemen 6. It was not until it had stopped raining that we left the party. → We 7. It was not until all the shops had closed that Isabel decided to go shopping. → Isabel 8. It was not until the robbers had gone that the police came to the scene. → The police IV. Put in “a”, “an” or “the” in each blank. 1. How far is it from here to ___ airport? 2. “What’s ___ capital of Spain?” – “It’s Madrid”. 3. My father works in ___ office ___ city center.
8. 4. ___ earth is ___ planet of ___ solar system. 5. She was born in ___ village in ___ north of England. 6. ___ village where she was born has ___ beautiful river. 7. Who is ___ best singer in ___ United Kingdom? 8. Can you switch off ___ television? Nobody’s watching it. 9. He felt bored with ___ woman who sat beside him at the party. 10. The ship was crossing ___ Atlantic Ocean when it hit ___ huge iceberg. 11. Mount Everest is ___ hightest mountain in ___ world. 12. ___ Mississppi River flows through several states of ___ United States. 13. My grandparents live in ___ old house in ___ south of Dong Nai provice. There is ___ large garden behind ___ house. They grow some fruit trees and vegetables in ___ garden. 14. There was ___ accident near my house this morning. ___ taxi crashed into ___ lamp post. ___ taxi was damaged, but ___ driver of ___ taxi was not hurt. 15. This morning I had ___ sandwich and ___ cup of coffee for breakfast. ___ sandwich was OK, but ___ coffee was terrible. VII. ATHOUGH/ IN SPITE OF/ BECAUSE/ BECAUSE OF VI.Rewrite the following sentences without changing the original meaning. 1 He came to work in time in spite of the heavy traffic. Although 2.They went to the beach in spite of the bad weather. Although 3.Inspite of being tired, he continued to work Although . 4.Inspite of her dislike for coffee, she drank it to keep herself warm. Although . 5We took many pictures although the sky was cloudy. In spite of . 6.His daughter insists to buy a computer although the price is high In spite of . 7.She eats the chocolate cake although she is on a diet In spite of 8.He couldn’t earn enough money for living although he work hard. In spite of 9.Because of the cold weather I can’t go out at night Because 10.Because of his illness he didn’t go to school yesterday. Because . 11.Because of the bad condition of the house they can’t rent it. Because . 12.Because of the heavy traffic she went to school late. Because . 13In spite of her poor health, she studies very hard for the exam Although . VIII. MISTAKE 1.She doesn’t like to go to the party if John came there,too. A B C D 2.It took us a day going to Nha Trang by coach. A B C D 3.After he finished his work, he went to the restaurant. A B C D 4.If I were you, I won’t buy that car. It is very expensive. A B C D 10.If he studied hard, he will pass the exam easily.