A guide for success - Quantifiers & Their agreements – Lượng từ & sự hòa hợp - Đỗ Bình

Nội dung text: A guide for success - Quantifiers & Their agreements – Lượng từ & sự hòa hợp - Đỗ Bình

1. A GUIDE FOR SUCCESS - GCSE PREPARATION – QUANTIFIERS & AGREEMENTS QUANTIFIERS & THEIR AGREEMENTS – LƯỢNG TỪ & SỰ HÒA HỢP - Lượng từ là một hoặc một tổ hợp từ chỉ số lượng, được sử dụng với các danh từ, động từ, cấu trúc và ngữ cảnh nhất định. - Lượng từ là một trong những nội dung quan trọng, thường được sử dụng trong các đề kiểm tra, và thường gây khó khăn cho người học tiếng Anh. - Việc sử dụng một lượng từ cho một ngữ cảnh thường được người học dùng biện pháp dịch nghĩa sang ngôn ngữ bản xứ nên dễ dẫn đến sai, vì lượng từ có nguyên tắc sử dụng. - Dưới đây là tổng hợp những lượng từ và cách sử dụng chúng. Nội dung này không chỉ phục vụ hoc tieng Anh thông dụng mà còn được sử dụng thường xuyên trong các đề thi Đại học. I. LƯỢNG TỪ (TỪ CHỈ SỐ LƯỢNG) 1. Từ chỉ số lượng đi với danh từ số nhiều a. Some / any: một vài I want to buy some new pencils. - Tôi muốn mua vài cây viết chì mới. There aren’t any chairs in the room. - Không có cái ghế nào ở trong phòng cả. b. Many: nhiều There aren't many people living here. - Không có nhiều người sống ở đây. c. A large number of: số lượng lớn/ rất nhiều He has a large number of English books. - Anh ta có một số sách tiếng Anh. d. A great number of: số lượng lớn/ rất nhiều A great number of students said they were forced to practise the piano. - Rất nhiều học sinh bảo rằng họ bị ép phải luyện piano. e. Plenty of: rất nhiều There were plenty of berries. - Có nhiều trái mâm xôi. f. A lot of/ lots of: rất nhiều He has a lot of/lots of friends here. - Anh ta có nhiều bạn ở đây. g. Few/ a few: một vài Few people can say that they always tell the truth. - Rất ít người nói rằng họ luôn luôn nói thật. We've got a little bacon and a few eggs. - Chúng tôi có một ít thịt xông khói và một vài quả trứng. h. Several: vài I've checked it several times. - Tôi đã kiểm tra nó vài lần rồi. 2. Từ chỉ số lượng đi với danh từ đếm được số ít: a. Every: mỗi/ mọi I go for walk every morning. - Tôi đi bộ mỗi sáng. b. Each: mỗi Each day seems to pass very slowly. - Mỗi ngày dường như trôi qua rất chậm. 3. Từ chỉ số lượng đi với danh từ không đếm được: a. Some/ any: một chút/ một ít Would you like some beer? - Bạn có muốn uống bia không? We haven’t got any butter. - Chúng tôi không có tí bơ nào. b. Much: nhiều Does the newspaper have much information? - Tờ báo có nhiều thông tin không? c. A large amount of: nhiều/số lượng lớn He borrowed a large amount of money. - Anh ta đã mượn một số tiền lớn. d. A great deal of: nhiều/rất nhiều A dishwasher uses a great deal of electricity. - Máy rửa bát sử dụng rất nhiều điện. e. Plenty of: nhiều/rất nhiều I have plenty of food. - Tôi có nhiều thức ăn. f. A lot of/ Lots of: nhiều/rất nhiều We need a lot of/lots of time to learn a foreign language. - Chúng ta cần nhiều thời gian để học ngoại ngữ. g. Little/ a Little: một chút/ một ít There is little sugar in my coffee. - Có rất ít đường trong cà phê của tôi. Let’s go and have a drink. We have got a little time before the train leaves. - Hãy đi và nhậu thôi. Chúng ta còn một ít thời gian trước khi tàu rời bánh. © Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – Trang 1
2. A GUIDE FOR SUCCESS - GCSE PREPARATION – QUANTIFIERS & AGREEMENTS Lưu ý: - some: dùng trong câu khẳng định, câu yêu cầu, lời mời, lời đề nghị. - any: dùng trong câu phủ định, nghi vấn - many, much dùng trong câu phủ định, nghi vấn - a lot of, plenty of, a great number of dùng trong câu khẳng định - many, much luôn dùng trong câu khẳng định có các từ very, too, so, as - few, little (ít, không nhiều): thường có nghĩa phủ định, ít không đủ để dùng - a few / a little (một vài, một ít): thường có nghĩa khẳng định, ít đủ để dùng II. ĐỘNG TỪ SỬ DỤNG SAU TỪ CHỈ SỐ LƯỢNG a. Số thập phân, phân số, sự đo lường + động từ số ít Three quarters of a ton is too much. - Ba phần tư tấn là quá nhiều. b. All, some, plenty + of + danh từ số ít + động từ số ít Some of the milk was sour. - Một ít sữa đã bị chua. c. Half, part, a lot + of + danh từ số nhiều + động từ số nhiều A lot of my friends want to emigrate. - Nhiều người bạn của tôi muốn di cư. d. No + danh từ số ít + động từ số ít No student has finished their assignment. - Không có học sinh nào hoàn thành bài tập. e. No + danh từ số nhiều + động từ số nhiều No people think alike. - Không có người nào nghĩ giống nhau. f. A number of + danh từ số nhiều + động từ số nhiều A number of countries are overproducing goods. - Một số nước đang sản xuất thừa hàng hóa. g. The number of + danh từ số nhiều + động từ số ít The number of visitors increases rapidly. - Lượng du khách tăng nhanh chóng. III. BÀI TẬP THỰC HÀNH Exercise 1. Complete the sentences using “some” or “any”. 01. We didn’t buy___ flowers. (any) 02. This evening I’m going out with___ friends of mine. (some) 03. “Have you seen___ good films recently?”–“No, I haven’t been to the cinema for ages”. (any) 04. I didn’t have___ money, so I had to borrow___. (any/some) 05. Can I have___ milk in my coffee, please? (some) 06. I was too tired to do___ work. (any) Exercise 2. Complete the sentences using “much, many, few, a few, little, a little”. 01. He isn’t very popular. He has___ friends. (few) 02. Ann is very busy these days. She has___ free time. (little) 03. Did you take___ photographs when you were on holiday? (many) 04. The museum was very crowded. There were too___ people. (many) 05. Most of the town is modern. There are___ old buildings. (few) 06. We must be quick. We have___ time. (little) 07. Listen carefully, I’m going to give you___ advice. (a little) 08. Do you mind if I ask you___ questions? (a few) 09. This town is not a very interesting place to visit, so___ tourists come here. (a few) 10. I don’t think Jill would be a good teacher. She’s got___ patience. (little) 11. “Would you like milk in your coffee?” – “Yes, please. ___.” (a little) 12. This is a very boring place to live. There’s___ to do. (little) Exercise 3. Complete the sentences using “plenty/plenty of” and the followings: “hotels/ money/ room/ things/ to see/ time/ to learn” 01. There’s no need to hurry. There’s___. (plenty of time) 02. He’s got no financial problems. He’s got___. (plenty of money) 03. Come and sit with us. There's___. (plenty of room) 04. She knows a lot, but she still has___. (plenty to learn) 05. It's an interesting town to visit. There___. (plenty to see) © Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – Trang 2
3. A GUIDE FOR SUCCESS - GCSE PREPARATION – QUANTIFIERS & AGREEMENTS 06. I'm sure we'll find somewhere to stay. ___. (plenty of hotels) Exercise 4. Complete the sentences using “much/many/few/little”. 01. She isn’t very popular. She has___ friends. (few) 02. Ann’s very busy these days. She’s got___ free time. (little) 03. Did you take___ photographs when you were on holiday? (many) 04. I'm not very busy today. I haven't got___ to do. (much) 05. This is a very modern city. There are___ old buildings. (many) 06. The weather has been very dry recently. We've had___ rain. (little) 07. "Do you know Rome?" "No, I haven't been there for___ years." (few) Exercise 5. Complete the sentences using “little/a little/few/a few”. 01. Gary is very busy with his job. He has___ for other things. (little) 02. Listen carefully. I’m going to give you___ advice. (a few) 03. Do you mind if I ask you___ questions? (a few) 04. It's not a very interesting place to visit, so___ tourists come here. (few) 05. I don't think Jill would be a good teacher. She's got___ patience. (little) 06. "Would you like milk in your coffee?" "Yes, ___" (a little) 07. This is a very boring place to live. There's___ to do. (little) 08. "Have you ever been to Paris?" "Yes, I've been there___ times." (a few) Exercise 6. Choose the best option among A, B, C, or D provided to complete each of the followings. 01. There is___ water in the bottle. A. little B. a few C. any D. many 02. I have___ money, not enough to buy groceries. A. a lot of B. little C. any D. many 03. I have___ money, enough to buy a ticket. A. a lot of B. little C. many D. a little 04. She has___ books, not enough for references. A. few B. a few C. many D. little 05. She has___ books, enough to read. A. many B. few C. a few D. a little 06. There___ traffic on the street at rush hours. A. are too many B.is too much C. are too a lot D. are too little 07. He bought___ furniture for her new apartment which she has bought recently. A. many B. few C. much D. a few 08. ___ the people I work with are very friendly. A. some B. some of C. a little of D. a few 09. ___ these money is mine. A. some B. a few of C. many D. none of 10. We didn’t spend___ money A. many B. some C. much D. a few 11. There are___ people there. A. too many B. too a little C. too much D. too little 12. Do you know___ people in this neighborhood. A. much B. a little C. many D. little 13. Would you like___ to eat? A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing 14. I can’t find it___. A. somewhere B. nowhere C. everyplace D. anywhere 15. I like him___. A. so many B. any much C. so much D. so some 16. We must be quick. There is___ time left. A. much B. many C. a lot of D. little 17. Let’s go and have a drink we have___ time left. © Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – Trang 3
4. A GUIDE FOR SUCCESS - GCSE PREPARATION – QUANTIFIERS & AGREEMENTS A. much B. a little C. a lot of D. little 18. There is a telephone in___ room of the house. A. every B. any C. some D. no 19. You should read___ sentence carefully. A. every B. some C. many D. a lot of 20. ___ has right to vote. A. something B. everyone C. many people D. some people 21. Both men___ interested in this job in the interview yesterday. A. are B. was C. were D. is 22. There are four books on the table. ___ has a different color. A. Every B. Each C. Many D. Some 23. He has two bookstores. One is in Thac Mo. ___ is in Phuoc Binh A. other B. the others C. another D. the other 24. ___ restaurant is expensive. A. some B. either C. neither D. any 25. Did you take___ photographs when you were on holiday. A. some B. either C. much D. many 26. The news has___ information. A. much B. many C. some D. any 27. We’ll hurry. We haven’t got___ time left. A. some B. many C. much D. any 28. I don’t have___ friends in Ha Noi. A. some B. any C. much D. no 29. We didn’t buy___ flowers yesterday. A. some B. many C. much D. any 30. There___ at the door. A. is somebody B. is anybody C. is everybody D. isn’t nobody 31. She went out without___ money. A. any B. many C. much D. some 32. There are___ in the hall. A. somebody B. anybody C. everybody D. some people 33. I’m not hungry. I don’t want___ to eat. A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing 34. She didn’t take___ money with her. A. any B. many C. some D. no 35. Has___ body seen my bags? A. somebody B. any person C. anybody D. some people 36. Can I have___ sugar, please. A. any B. some C. much D. little 37. Let me know if you need ___help. A. any B. many C. some D. much 38. Someone has forgotten ___umbrella. A. them B. their C. they D. theirs 39. The house were empty. There is ___living here. A. someone B. anybody C. nobody D. everybody 40. I don’t have ___relatives in these strange place. A. any B. some C. a little D. much 41. I’m so hungry. I could eat___. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. every things 42. The exam was quite difficult. ___ passed. A. Someone B. Anybody C. Nobody D. Everybody 43. He has___ luck. Everything he does, he gains. A. any B. some C. a little D. much 44. We have used___ energy recently. © Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – Trang 4
5. A GUIDE FOR SUCCESS - GCSE PREPARATION – QUANTIFIERS & AGREEMENTS A. too many B. many too C. too much D. much too 45. He spoke___ English, so it was difficult for him to communicate with people here. A. many B. some C. little D. much 46. The village was small. There was___ house. A. many B. few C. little D. a few 47. He isn’t very popular. He has___ friends. A. few B. some C. little D. a few 48. The museum was too crowded. There___ people there. A. is too much B. are too many C. a few D. few 49. ___ people are friendly. A. some B. some of C. some of those D. some those 50. Both of them___ students at high school now. A. are B. is C. was D. were 51. ___ restaurants we went to were expensive. A. Neither of B. Neither of the C. None of D. Some of 52. Every seat in the theater last night___ taken. A. was B. were C. are D. is 53. Everybody___ at the square yesterday. A. has arrived B. have arrived C. arrived D. arrive 54___ time I meet you. You look different. A. much B. every C. some D. no 55. ___ was given a book. A. some students B. every students C. each students D. each student 56. I would like to visit___ country in the world. A. some of B. every C. many D. a lot of 57. In the football match___ has 11 players. A. each B. every C. two teams D.it 58. The Olympic Games are held___ four years. A. each B. every C. one D. once 59. Do you need___? A. a help B. any help C. any helps D. helps 60. That was a very___ story about the adventures in the tropical forests. A. excitement B. excited C. exciting D. excite 61. The pupils are very___ because their school has won the basketball championship. A. excitement B. excited C. exciting D. excite 62. ___ should pay more taxes. A. Rich B. The rich C. The riches D. Richer 63. ___ people I know are worried about the environment. A. Most B. The most C. Much D. The much 64. ___ tall you've grown! A. What B. How C. How much D. How many 65. The film was___ interesting that it could satisfy everybody. A. too B. very C. so D. such 66. My new job is much___. A. interesting B. interested C. interest D. interests 67. They felt happy, and ___ did I. A. either B. neither C. too D. so 68. Peter says he doesn't see___. A. somebody B. everybody C. anybody D. nobody 69. ___ don't like to read picture-books. A. Some childs B. some of children C. some of the children D. some of the childs 70. It's___ long time since he last saw his parents. A. such a B. so C. very D. too © Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – Trang 5
6. A GUIDE FOR SUCCESS - GCSE PREPARATION – QUANTIFIERS & AGREEMENTS 71. The audience clapped their hands so___ that the singer had to sing again. A. many times B. much time C. very much D. much 72. Our seats were___ far from the stage that we couldn't see the actors and actresses clearly. A. very B. too C. enough D. so 73. I like Dalat. What I like___ living here is that it's fresh, quiet and beautiful. A. more about B. most about C. more of D. most of 74. ___ players are there in a football team? A. How much B. Many C. Do many D. How many 75. - How___ does he run a day? - 16 miles. A. much B. far C. long D. fast 76. He can't cook well, and I can't, ___. A. too B. either C. neither D. so 77. The circus shows are___ exciting that the whole family enjoy them. A. so B. very C. too D. such 78. I haven't had___ an enjoyable evening for months. A. such B. so C. much D. very 79. She was___ clever that she could make a dress by hands. A. much B. very C. so D. such 80. Most of the pupils are___ to pass the examination. A. good enough B. too good C. very good D. good too 81. These piles of books are___ cleaner than the others. A. as B. very C. so D. much 82. She is___ an engineer nor an architect. A. nor B. both C. neither D. either 83. That play was___ for her to see again. A. too interesting B. enough interesting C. interesting enough D. more interesting enough 84. The more we study, the___ we are. A. more good B. good C. well D. better 85. Mary can't speak French___. A. Either can Peter B. Neither can't Peter C. Neither can Peter D. Peter can't neither 86. Everyone can___ in this school activity. A. take off B. take on C. take part D. take 87. ___ we eat, the fatter we become. A. The much B. The more C. Many D. A lot of 88. The lesson___ for me to understand. A. is very difficult B. too difficult C. difficult too D. is too difficult 89. This exercise is___ I must finish it as soon as possible. A. very important so B. so important that C. too important that D. enough important that 90. She was___ she never had time to go out in the evening. A. so busy that B. very busy C. busy enough D. busy so that 91. She didn’t eat ___breakfast. A. much B. many C. some D. any 92. There aren’t___ large glasses left. A. some B. any C. much D. many 93. I have seen___ of Minh recently. A. a lot of B. any C. too much D. too many 94. Not___ Denmark is hilly. A. a lot of B. any of C. much of D. many of 95. You can’t see___ a country in a week. A. much of B. some of C. a lot of D. many of 96. I won’t pass the exam. I have missed___ my lessons. © Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – Trang 6
7. A GUIDE FOR SUCCESS - GCSE PREPARATION – QUANTIFIERS & AGREEMENTS A. some of B. much of C. many of D. a lot of 97. He got ___men friends, but he doesn’t know___ women. A. lots of/ many B. much/ many C. many / many D. many/ much 98. I don’t travel___ these days. A. much B. some C. a lot D. many 99. ___ strong man has disheartened before such a challenge. A. much a B. Some C. Many a D. Many 100. ___ time is needed to learn a language. A. Any B. Some C. Much D. A lot of 101. ___ us think it’s time for an election. A. Lots of B. Lot of C. Much D. Many 102. ___ cheese is made from cow’s milk. A. Most B. Some C. Much D. More 103. ___ my friends live abroad. A. Many B. Some C. Much D. Most of 104. ___ us thought he was wrong. A. Most of B. Some of C. Much of D. Many a 105. Thank you for bringing me along. I never thought Shakespeare could be so___ fun. A. many B. much C. few D. some 106. You should say___ and do___. A. many / few B. much / little C. few / many D. little / much 107. Very___ people knew about it. A. few B. less C. much D. little 108. He is a man of___ words. A. less B. little C. fewer D. few 109. ___ heard about the book, but___ read it. A. Many / few B. Much / little C. Many / little D. Few / Fewer 110. "Do you know English?" "Just___." A. much B. many C. little D. less 111. She has very___ knowledge of the matter. A. few B. little C. some D. many 112. The forces were unequal, they were___ we were___ A. many / few B. much / little C. few / much D. little / much 113. We have imported___ computers this year than last year. A. few B. less C. fewer D. many 114. There has been___ demand for computers this year than last year. A. few B. little C. fewer D. more 115. ___ in Shanghai than in any other city in China. A. More people live B. More people living C. It has more people D. More living people 116. I've been to the theater___ of times. A. much B. a little C. most of D. few 117. But___ of the plays I've seen are modern. A. a few of B. a little C. most D. many 118. When I studied Shakespeare, I thought his plays were___ boring. A. a great deal of B. few C. much D. many 119. ___ of Shakespeare's plays are about history. A. A few of B. Many C. Much D. A little 120. They spent___ time studying Victorian literature. A. few B. many C. a large number of D. much 121. ___ popular expressions in our language have interesting background. A. Little B. Many C. A large number D. Much 122. At the beginning everybody spoke English very quickly and I couldn't understand___. But after___ days, it is easier and___ things I had learnt came back to me. © Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – Trang 7
8. A GUIDE FOR SUCCESS - GCSE PREPARATION – QUANTIFIERS & AGREEMENTS A. much / a few / many B. a lot / little / a lot C. much / much / a great number D. many / a few / many 123. Would you like___ milk? Yes, please. A. few B. any C. some D. much 124. ___ them were at the meeting last night so they didn’t have knowledge about marketing A. neither of B. any of C. many D. a lot of 125. ___ my friends live abroad. A. Neither of B. Any of C. Many D. Most of 126. How___ money have you got in your pocket? A. a lot of B. any C. many D. much 127. I could speak___ words of Swedish, but I wasn’t very fluent. A. a few B. a little C. few D. little 128. Can you speak French? Just___. A. a few B. little C. few D. a little 129. Very___ people were flying because of terrorist activities then. A. few B. a little C. a few D. little 130. He spent___ of his time on his holidays. A. much B. many C. a lot of D. little ___HẾT___ © Đỗ Bình – THPT Liễn Sơn, Lập Thạch, Vĩnh Phúc – Trang 8