Chuyên đề Tiếng Anh Lớp 12: Complex sentences (Câu phức)

Nội dung text: Chuyên đề Tiếng Anh Lớp 12: Complex sentences (Câu phức)

1. Grammar review 1. COMPLEX SENTENCES (CÂU PHỨC) Câu phức là câu có một mệnh đề chính hay còn gọi là mệnh đề độc lập và một hay nhiều mệnh đề phụ. Hai mệnh đề thường nối với nhau bởi dấu phẩy hoặc các liên từ. a. Dependent clauses of purpose (Mệnh đề phụ chỉ mục đích) - So that/ in order that (để mà): là mệnh đề phụ được dùng để chỉ mục đích của hành động ở mệnh đề chính. Ex: Some people eat in order that they may live. She learnt hard so that she might get the scholarship. b. Dependent clauses of reason (Mệnh đề phụ chỉ lý do) - because, since (do, vì, bởi vì): là mệnh đề phụ được dùng để chỉ lý do của hành động ở mệnh đề chính. Ex: The flight to London was cancelled because the weather was bad. She didn’t go to school since she got ill. c. Dependent clauses of time (Mệnh đề phụ chỉ thời gian) - when; while; after; before; as soon as; : là các từ bắt đầu đứng trước mệnh đề phụ chỉ thời gian. Ex: Lets go for a pizza after we go to the natural history museum. It’ll be wonderful when scientists have found a cure for cancer. The villagers have to dry the buffalo skin under the sun before they make the drumheads. d. Dependent clauses of contrast (Mệnh đề phụ chỉ sự tương phản) - Though/ although/ even though (dù, mặc dù, cho dù): là các từ bắt đầu đứng trước các mệnh đề phụ chỉ sự tương phản của hai hành động trong cùng một câu. Ex: Although I learnt hard, I didn’t get high grades. They would like to go out, though it is raining 1. SO SÁNH BẰNG Form 1: Ex: He is as tall as his father. S + be/ V + as + adj/ adv + as + noun/ pronoun Form 2: Ex: My house is the same height as his. S + V + the same + noun + as + noun/ pronoun Form 3: (giống về vẻ bề ngoài) S1 + be + like + S2 = S1 and S2 + be + alike Ex: Her house is like your house. = Her house and your house are alike. Form 4: S1 + be + similar to + S2 = S1 and S2 + be + similar Ex: Her house is similar to your house. = Her house and your house are similar. 2. SO SÁNH HƠN a. Short Adj/ Adv (tính từ/ trạng từ ngắn): là những từ có 1 âm tiết và những từ có 2 âm tiết kết thúc tận cùng là “y” => ngắn: early, healthy, happy, pretty, dry, Form: S + be/V + adj/ adv - er + than + O Ex: She is fatter than her mother. b. Long Adj/ Adv (tính từ/ trạng từ dài): là những từ có 2 âm tiết trở lên. Form: S + be/V + more + adj/ adv + than + O Ex: He is more generous than his brother. Note: Trước so sánh hơn có thể có “much”, “far”, “so”, “a little”, “a lot”, “a bit” Ex: That car is much more expensive than that motorbike. 3. SO SÁNH NHẤT
2. a. Short Adj/ Adv: Form: S + be/V + the adj/ adv - est + Ex: Vinh is the tallest in our class. b. Long Adj/ Adv: là những từ có 2 âm tiết trở lên. Form: S + be/V + the most adj/ adv + Ex: Diep is the most attractive girl in their team. Note: Một số Adj, Adv so sánh bất quy tắc: Adj So sánh hơn So sánh nhất good/well better best bad worse worst little less least much / many more most far (place + time) further furthest far (place) farther farthest late (time) later latest near (place) nearer nearest old (people and things) older/elder oldest/eldest INDIRECT SPEECH (REPORTED SPEECH) - LỜI NÓI GIÁN TIẾP. 1. Usage: Trong lời nói trực tiếp, chúng ta ghi lại chính xác những từ, ngữ của người nói dùng. Lời nói trực tiếp thường được thể hiện bởi: các dấu ngoặc kép “ ” - tức là lời nói đó được đặt trong dấu ngoặc. Ví dụ về lời nói trực tiếp: He said, “I learn English”. “I love you,” she said. 2. Cách chuyển câu trần thuật trong lời nói trực tiếp sang lời nói gián tiếp: 2.1 Đổi thì của câu: Thì của các động từ trong lời nói gián tiếp thay đổi theo một nguyên tắc chung là lùi thì về quá khứ: Thì trong Lời nói trực tiếp Thì trong Lời nói gián tiếp - Hiện tại đơn - Quá khứ đơn - Hiện tại tiếp diễn - Quá khứ tiếp diễn - Hiện tại hoàn thành - Quá khứ hoàn thành - Hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn - Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn - Quá khứ đơn - Quá khứ hoàn thành - Quá khứ hoàn thành - Quá khứ hoàn thành (không đổi) - Tương lai đơn - Tương lai trong quá khứ - Tương lai tiếp diễn - Tương lai tiếp diễn trong quá khứ - Is/am/are going to do - Was/were going to do - Can/may/must do - Could/might/had to do USED TO DO SOMETHING: Chỉ một thói quen, một hành động thường xuyên xảy ra trong quá khứ và bây giờ không còn nữa. Form: (+) S + used to + V (-) S + didn’t use to + V (?) Did (not) + S + use to + V? Ex: (+) I used to smoke a packet a day but I stopped two years ago. (-) She didn’t use to drink milk when she was young. (?) Did he use to live here? LƯU Ý:  Phân biệt giữa USED TO, BE/GET USED TO, BE USED FOR * Used to do something: Đã từng làm việc gì trong quá khứ mà nay không làm nữa. Đây là mẫu câu chỉ sử dụng ở thời quá khứ. Ex: I used to get up early in the morning when I was a student (But I don’t get up early now). * Be/ get used to N/ doing something: (trở nên/dần) quen với. Mẫu câu này có thể sử dụng ở thời quá khứ, hiện tại hoặc tuơng lai. Trong cấu trúc này, “used” là 1 tính từ và “to” là 1 giới từ. Form:
3. S + be/get used to + V-ing = S + be/get accustomed to + V-ing Ex: - I am used to getting up early in the morning. - He didn’t complain about the noise next door. He was used to it. - I am not used to the new system in the factory yet. * Hình thức bị động của “used to” được dùng trong càu bị động, mang nghĩa để làm gì: S + be used to + V = S + be used for + V-ing Ex: Money is used to buy and sell goods. Or: Money is used for buying and selling goods. 2. WISH DÙNG TRONG HIỆN TẠI: Để diễn đạt một ước muốn không thể thực hiện được trong hiện tại. Form: S + wish(es) + S + thì quá khứ đơn Ex: - I wish I knew the answer to this question. (At present I don’t know the answer). - She wishes she didn’t have so much work to do. (She has a lot of work to do). Passive voice TENSES ACTIVE PASSIVE 1. The simple present S + V (-s /es) S + am/ is/ are + Vpp 2. The present continuous S + am/ is/ are + V-ing S + am/ is/ are/ + being + Vpp 3. The present perfect S + have/ has + Vpp S + have/ has + been + Vpp 4. The present perfect S + have/ has + been + S + have/ has + been + being continuous V-ing + Vpp 5. The simple past S + V2/ V-ed S + was/ were + Vpp 6. The past continuous S + was/ were + V- ing S + was/ were + being + Vpp 7. The past perfect S + had + Vpp S + had + been + Vpp 8. The past perfect continuous S + had + been + V-ing S + had + been + being + Vpp 9. The simple future S + will/ shall + V S + will/ shall + be + Vpp 10. The simple S + will/ shall + be + S + will/ shall + be + being + continuous V-ing Vpp S + will/ shall + have + been 11. The simple future perfect S + will/ shall + have + Vpp + Vpp 12. The near future S+ be going to + V S + be going to + be + Vpp 13. Model Verbs S + Modal + V-bareInf S + Modal + be + Vpp PAST PERFECT (QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH) a. Form: (+) S + had + Vp2/ed + O (-) S + hadn’t + Vp2/ed + O (?) Had (not) + S + Vp2/ed + O? b. Uses (Cách sử dụng) - Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trước 1 hành động khác trong QK (hành động xảy ra trước dùng QKHT; hành động xảy ra sau dùng QKĐ) Ex: I had never seen such a beautiful beach before I went to Kauai. - Hành động xảy ra trước 1 thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ. Ex: I had worked as a librarian before 2010. (Trước năm 2010, tôi là một quản thư) c. Adverbs (Trạng ngữ nhận biết) - When, before, after TLĐ/ TLHT/ HTĐ + WHEN + HTĐ QK + WHEN + QKĐ QKĐ/ QKTD + WHEN + QKTD TLĐ/ TLHT/ TLHTTD + BEFORE + HTĐ QKHT + BEFORE + QKĐ HTHT + BEFORE QKĐ + AFTER + QKHT WHEN = AS = AS SOON AS = UNTIL = BY THE TIME
4. 2. ADJECTIVE + TO -INFINITIVE: Thật thế nào (đối với ai) khi làm gì (dùng để nhấn mạnh thông tin). It + be + adjective (for sb) + to-infinitive Ex: - It is necessary (for you) to know another language. - It is kind of you to help me. * Các tính từ thường được sử dụng trong cấu trúc này là các tính từ chỉ cảm xúc, chắc chắn, hay lo lắng như: happy, glad, pleased, sorry, certain, sure, confident, convinced, afraid, annoyed, astonished, conscious, Ex: - I am glad to see you again. - I am certain that you will pass the exam. VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR I. Fill in each blank in the sentences with the correct word from the box. tunnel underpass skytrain tram railway clearance walkways traffic 1. As planned, the urban elevated Cat Linh-Ha Dong in Ha Noi would be put into operation from June 1, 2017. 2. If there is no delay in progress, by mid-2017, Hanoian residents will be able to use the for their travel. 3. However, the project of the urban skytrain is facing the risk of being unable to be completed by the deadline, due to difficulties in site activities. 4. A flyover at Hang Xanh crossroads in Ho Chi Minh City has helped reduce congestion at the city's northeast gateway. 5. While the trains in Sai Gon were powered by steam, the systems in Ha Noi operated by electricity. 6. They asked foreign companies to design a through the Hai Van Pass. 7. The Trung Hoa in Ha Noi forms the city’s first four-layered intersection. 8. A huge network of elevated in Hong Kong helps visitors walk across the city easily. Complete the sentences with the Past Simple, Past Continuous, or Past Perfect form of the verbs in brackets. 1. They (already/ graduate) from high school when we met them. 2. I got up, (have) breakfast, and left. 3. It was a beautiful morning. The sun was shining, and the birds (sing) . 4. I was sure I (see) him somewhere before, but I couldn't remember where. 5. She walked out of her flat. As she shut the door, she realized she (forget) the key. 6. My leg started to hurt when I (play) football. 7. I grew up in the countryside, and I (live) in Ha Noi for a few years in the 2010s. 8. When I was a child, I didn’t know what job I (want) to do in the future. 9. The fire alarm went off when we (have) a math lesson. 10. My father (work) when I called him this afternoon. V. Rewrite the following sentences using “It + be + adjective + (of/for+ noun/pronoun)”. 1. She was brave to spend the night in the old house alone. ___ 2. Such a wonderful performance was interesting to hear. ___ 3. You were very kind to give presents to street children before the new school year. ___ 4. They were unreasonable to complain about the exam results. ___ 5. The shelves are simple to put up. ___ 6. He was confident to present his ideas in front of the committee. ___ 7. We were surprised to get the scholarships. ___ 8. He was impolite to criticize her in front of her friends. ___ I. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined. 1.A.sandalsB.compartment C.tram D.manual 2.A.trenchB.pedestrian C.exhibition D.tunnel 3.A.exhibitionB.exist C.example D.examination II. Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others. 4.A.significantB.facility C.elevated D.initially 5.A.cooperativeB.considerable C.illiteracy D.anniversary III. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences. 6. In a traditional family, there were three : grandparents, parents, and children. A.groupsB.teams C.bands D.generations 7. It was very that a couple in the past could have about 5 to 10 children.
5. A.popularB.commonC.sharedD.obvious 8. Along with our need for love, our most important need is the need for . A.appreciationB.value C.importance D.increase 9. The metro will Ben Thanh Market in the central area to the amusement park at Suoi Tien in District 9. A.joinB.contact C.connect D.relate 10. Ho Chi Minh City plans to use the state budget funds to build ten more flyover . A.systemsB.sets C.methods D.routes 11. It is not for men to wear the traditional costumes in modern life. A.certainB.surprised C.pleased D.convenient 12. It is not for a particular vehicle to exist, to be loved for generations. A.funB.glad C.relieved D. easy 13. Used throughout the 19th century in classrooms, the slate has been used for students to write the answers to the problems. A.most ofB.almost C.nearly all D.hardly ever 14. The sound of firecracker was common on previous Tet, but it is now prohibited being dangerous and unsafe in production and distribution. A.becauseB.due to C.despite D.for 15. They a five-day tour in Malaysia before they enjoyed the Tet festival last year. A.spendB.spent C.had spent D.would spend IV. Fill in each blank in the passage with the correct word from the box. There are some extra words. thickness souvenirs fashion interest foreigners demand footwear soldiers At the age of 73, the retired shoemaker Pham Quang Xuan says he never thought his tailor-made rubber sandals would still be popular in modern times. The sandals, made from old car tyres, were worn by many Vietnamese (16) during the war against the French and the Americans. Mr. Xuan and his friends once made and sold rubber sandals in Hang Bot Street, but (17) dropped as they slowly went out of (18) .Several years ago, he started re- making the sandals for friends and family members and, in doing so, helped revive a wartime (19) . Despite his age, he still spends several hours a day carving sandals from rubber of suitable (20) , then cutting and trimming the edges and soles. The sandals come in cither with diagonal or horizontal straps. V. Combine the following sentences by completing the second. 21. Family members care for each other. It is essential for that. It is essential ___ 22. Families are the place where we learn values, skills, and behavior. We are aware of that. We are aware ___ 23. Parents should guide their children into the world outside the home. It is certain about that. It is certain ___ 24. Strong families have a sense of loyalty and devotion toward family members. We are conscious of that. We are conscious ___ 25. The family is a place of shelter for individual family members. It is sure about that. It is sure ___ VI. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following passage. During the war, children wore straw hats to (26) themselves from debris. Houses and schools were bombed and destroyed. Many children were made (27) and their schools had to be moved around or lessons sometimes had to (28) after dark to avoid being targeted by heavy bombing. Many schools had its roof (29) with several layers of straw to withstand the (30) of the bombs. Life for children was very hard in both the North and South of Viet Namduring the war. Young people were (31) of their duty to serve their country. Even young girls took part in the war efforts by digging bomb shelters. Children took first-aid courses after school so that they could (32) injured people. Childhood years of children born in the 1960s are (33) . As innocent children, they went to school (34) straw hats in the sounds of American jet fighters in the sky and the shots from Vietnamese anti-aircraft guns. Nowadays, they are proud that they came through those hardships. They had their heads held (35) walking out of the war. 26.A.saveB.keep C.protect D.help 27.A.homemadeB.homeless C.homelessness D.homesick 28.A.placeB.take place C.be happened D.exist 29.A.coverB.covering C.covered D.being covered 30.A.reasonsB.causes C.actions D.impacts 31.A.knownB.afraid C.capable D.aware 32.A.care forB.take after C.take core about D.deal 33.A.unfortunateB.unforgettable C.forgettable D.memorably 34.A.wearB.to wear C.wearing D.that wear 35.A.highB.highly C.height D.above VII.Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question. Street Food Shoulder Poles on Saigon streets
6. Street food shoulder pole is familiar with Saigon people throughout many years. Nowadays it has become a special thing that makes travelers curious. In small areas of District 1 and District 3, we could count more than 100 vendors who earned money using shoulder poles. A shoulder pole, also called a carrying pole, is a yoke of wood or bamboo, used by people to carry a load. The vendors put their goods in two baskets from each end of the yoke. In the downtown, we can meet young women with their shoulder poles. The baskets are covered with plastic wrap carefully to protect the foods from the street dust. In a tight space of one basket, she could mix the ingredients and bake the cake on a small charcoal which was defended by carton. The ready cakes were put in other basket. In the morning or evening, on rainy or sunny day,Saigon streets are marked by shoulder poles of people from different regions of the country, which has become a unique part of Saigon. It has been said that it isn’t hard to live in Saigon if you work hard. With the carrying pole on shoulders, the vendor has turned it into a “store’'. The reason is very simple, they don't have enough money to open a real store. Every day these women continue their journey through Saigon streets under the sun and the rain, selling cheap things or street foods to earn money and feed their children. 36. A shoulder pole . A. is a bar made of wood or bambooB.used to be called a carrying pole C.is the connection between wood and bamboo D. is used to put goods on street vendors’ shoulders 37. Street food shoulder pole is . A.a way for passers-by to have food B. a characteristic of District 1 and 3 C. used to make foreign travelers curiousD.used by street vendors to carry things 38. All of the following arc true about shoulder poles EXCEPT that . A.street vendors can bake cakes there B.they can contain enough things to serve some customers C.the two baskets have the same function D.they can be protected from dust 39. All of the following arc benefits of shoulder poles EXCEPT that . A.they can help street vendors to sell many things without a store B.women are marked by unique shoulder poles from different regions C.it is a way for street vendors to carry goods around the streets D. street vendors can support their families with the help of shoulder poles 40. The word “yoke" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to . A.a long piece of wood that is fastened across the necks to pull heavy loads B.a wooden bar that is connected to the vehicles or loads so that they can be pulled away C.something that connects two things or people, usually in a way that limits freedom D. a piece of wood that is shaped to fit across a person's shoulders to carry two equal loads Fill in each blank in the sentences with the correct word from the box. geological setting complex rickshaw limes stone fishing architectural biodiversity 1. Like a local, you should take an afternoon ride through the bustling streets of Ha Noi’s Old Quarter. 2. We can continue our journey and explore the fascinating Cua Van floating village in Ha Long Bay. 3. With outstanding values, Ha Long Bay was recognized as the world natural heritage site twice in 1994 and 2000. 4. Ha Long Bay is also home to high with typical eco-systems and thousands of fauna and flora species. 5. Located in the mountains of Phong Nha - Ke Bang National Park, Son Doong Cave was explored by a group of scientists from British Cave Research Association. 6. The Hue Citadel, which is a of monuments, has been officially recognized by the UNESCO as a World Heritage Site. 7. Hue is placed in a wonderful : the Ngu Binh Mountain in the south, the sand dunes of Con Hen and Con Da Vien on the Perfume River as "dragon on the left, tiger on the right” to protect the citadel. 8. Most of the buildings in Hoi An. which reflect the traditional style of the 18lh and 19th centuries, are carefully preserved. Complete the second sentences with the same meaning, using “suggest + V-ing/clause with should”. 1. Mary wanted all of us to visit Po Nagar Cham Towers after lunch. Mary suggested___ 2. “Let’s go to the cinema tonight.” he suggested. He suggested ___ 3. "Never borrow money from friends," my father said. My father suggested that ___ 4. Nick told the stranger. "If I were you, I would not write anything on the walls of the cavern.” Nick suggested that ___ 5. I didn't know whether her performance was good or not. so the best way was to watch it again. I suggested ___ Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined. 1.A. greatB.treasure C.measure D.pleasure 2.A.ancientB.cave C.cavern D.aging
7. 3.A.spectacularB.structureC.sculptureD.picturesque II. Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others. 4.A.contestantB.picturesque C.committee D.astounding 5.A.imperialB.spectacular C.historical D.recognition III. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences. 6. Trang An Landscape Complex is renowned for its diverse ecosystem, unique natural beauty and characteristics. A.geologyB.geological C.environmental D.ecological 7. The Ho Dynasty Citadel has a palace with marble roads that connect each palace. A.areaB.setting C.complex D.building 8. The towers of the My Son sanctuary are the most significant of the My Son civilization. A.structuresB.arrangements C.apartments D.plans 9. The Thang Long Imperial Citadel was the of political power for nearly seven centuries without interruption. A.middleB.point C.system D.centre 10. In 1978,the south and north Cat Tien parks were put the State's protection. A.ofB.under C.above D.with 11. It that China dug up the ocean floor to build artificial islands. A.saysB.said C.would be said D.is said 12. The public suggested that the factories with waste treatment system. A.would equipB.would be equipped C.should equip D.should be equipped 13. The local government suggested a road through the Nam Cat Tien National Park. A.buildB.to build C.building D.being built 14. It that some foreigners had collected rubbish on Cat Ba Beach. A.reportedB.was reported C.could report D.had been reported 15. The most important thing is that we foreign tourists come back to Viet Nam again . A.causeB.should cause C.will make D.should make IV. Fill in each blank in the passage with the correct word from the box. There are some extra words. species destinations area valleys reserve tourists limestone ecosystems Cuc Phuong National Park is situated in Ninh Binh province. This park is known as thefirst national park and the largest nature (16) in the country. The park consists of a range of mountains and green (17) , as well as a number of (18) caves, many of which are ideal (19) for exploration. Cuc Phuong is also home to lots of fauna and flora, and some of them are listed on the Red Book of Viet Nam of endangered (20) . V. Write sentences about Cham towers in Binh Dinh, using the imperative passive with the verbs given in brackets. 21. The ancient Champa dynasties built many elaborate temples and shrines. (believe) ___ 22. The Cham towers in Binh Dinh province are the biggest in Southeast Asia. (claim) ___ ___ 23. The Cham towers are located in the Do Ban Citadel. (think) ___ ___ 24. The Binh Dinh towers are a harmonious combination of architectural art from the Champa and Khmer cultures. (consider) ___ ___ 25. The three magnificent Duong Long Towers were built during the 12th and 13th centuries in Toy Son district. (say) ___ ___ VI. Choosethe word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following passage. (26) on the vast delta of the river mouths of Dong Nai, Sai Gon and Vam Co, Can Gio Mangrove Forest in Ho Chi Minh City is an ecosystem (27) aquatic ecosystem and land ecosystem, freshwater ecosystem and marine ecosystem. (28) 150 flora species.,744 fauna species, 130 species of birds and 130 species offish. In the core zone of Can Gio Mangrove Forest, Ho Chi Minh City invested to build Vam Sat Ecological Tourist Site with many tourist (29) such as: a crocodile farm, a hat lagoon, a bird yard. Tang Bong lower, a (30) garden and many games of fishing crocodile, sailing boats, rowing boats Can Gio is the green (31) of Ho Chi Minh City and is assessed as the best restored, care and (32) place in Viet Nam and worldwide. This is also the ideal place for eco-tourism and (33) research. On 21 January 2000, UNESCO (34) CanGio (35) a world biosphere reserve. 26.A.FormingB.Formed C.Having formed D.Being forming 27.A.betweenB.either C.neither D.not only 28.A.includeB.includes C.included D.including 29.A.featuresB.characteristics C.attractions D.qualities 30.A.botanyB.botanical C.botanist D.flora 31.A.surfaceB.development C.lake D.lung 32.A.protectB.protecting C.protected D.protective
8. 33.A.scienceB.scientific C.environmentD.conservative 34.A.recognizedB.knew C.believed D.approved 35.A.withB.for C.of D.as VII.Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question. UNESCO World Heritage Site in Hue The Complex of Hue Monuments is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is located in the city of Hue in central Vietnam. Hue was founded as the Viet Nam capital city by Gia Long, the first king of the Nguyen Dynasty in 1802. It held this position for thirteen Nguyen kings until 1945 The massive complex features hundreds of monuments and ruins, such as the Forbidden Purple City, once the residence of the royal family and badly damaged during the Vietnam War, the Imperial City, royal tombs, the flag tower, pagodas, temples, a library and museum. Hue, located on the banks of the Huong River, (also known as the Perfume River) is about a hundred kilometres north of Da Nang. Among the most impressive monuments in this former grand imperial capital are the Ngo Mon Gate of the Imperial City which once was exclusively used by the royal family and their servants and soldiers, the tomb of Emperor Minh Mang as well as the tomb of Emperor Tu Duc. In fact, many of the monuments surrounding the royal buildings were constructed in the early 19th century and were modeled after Beijing's Forbidden City. The wall that surrounds the citadel is six metres high and two and a half kilometres long. The historical complex is known not only for its rich architecture but also for its beautiful landscape setting. Overall, the site is quite spectacular. Avoid Hue between October and December as it gets most of its rain from the northeast monsoon during that period. This small city is also famous for its Imperial-style cuisine. 36. The Complex of Hue Monuments . A.has its buildings built during the reign of King Gia Long B. is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site C.was built by thirteen Nguyen kings from 1802 to 1945 D. is located on the left hank of the Perfume River 37. The Hue Citadel needs the work of restoration because of . A.the northeast monsoonB. its rich architecture C.the period from 1802 to 1945D. the damage during the war 38. All of the following are mentioned as features of the Hue Citadel EXCEPT . A.the Temple of LiteratureB. the royal tombs C.a library and museumD. the flag tower 39. We can infer from the passage that . A.the royal tombs were built for each emperor in the Imperial City B.the Forbidden Purple City might be considered a smaller model of Beijing’s Forbidden City C.the Imperial City is located in the Forbidden Purple City D.the wall that surrounds the citadel is as big as the Great Wall in China 40. All of the following are advantages of Hue EXCFPT . A.the waterway of the Perfume RiverB. the art of cooking C. the last three months of the yearD. its beauty of natural setting Fill in each blank in the passage with the correct verb/phrase of verb from the box with the correct verb form. transfer warm up play toss create pick up lose fail gather catch Bamboo jacks, a girls' game, includes ten thin, round bamboo sticks and a small tennis ball. The player (1) the ball into the air. While the ball is in the air, she must quickly pick up the sticks and then (2) the ball. In the first round, the player (3) the sticks one by one. Next, she (4) two sticks at a time, and so forth up to ten. In these stages she plays with only one hand. The peak of the game is the last, most animated stage with all ten sticks in a bundle.During this stage, the player tosses the ball and then (5) the pack of sticksfrom one hand to the other. If a player's hands are not swift or if her eyes are not sharp, or if she (6) to coordinate the two, she will (7) her turn.Playing bamboo jacks (8) the body and (9) a lot of fun. During summer or autumn, small girls (10) it everywhere, from the shade ofa village banyan tree to a deserted market stall. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined. 1.A.articB.occasion C.face D.behave 2.A.eventB.vendor C.collect D.gap 3.A.dogsledB.post C.preserve D.strict II. Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others. 4.A.dogsledB.downtown C.igloo D.fatal 5.A.illiterateB.entertainment C.ability D.especially III. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences. 6. They like playing tug-of-war and cat and mouse game because playing these games with the friends is . A.almost - funnyB.almost - fun C.most - fun D.most - funny 7. Traditional games an important role in children’s intellectual life. A.playB.take C.bring D.make
9. 8. Whenever Vietnamese village festivals, you will have a chance to watch a traditional game - human chess - which is the favourite to a great deal of Vietnamese people. A.participatingB.taking place C.taking part D.taking part in 9. Traditional games as an effective but simple educational method for centuries. A.were usedB.used to used C.had used D.have been used 10. Raising roosters for cockfighting heavy investments in time and labour. A.requestsB.requires C.satisfies D.asks 11. The folk of top spinning still attracts city children despite the popularity of modern games such as bowling, skateboarding, billiards and video games. A.pastimeB.ceremony C.activity D.enjoyment 12. Although spinning tops are among the simplest of toys, children it one of the most vivid and exciting games. A.allowB.let C.make D.keep 13. Women have walked dozens of kilometres to market twenty- or thirty-kilogram loads in shoulder poles for generations. A.carryB.to carry C.to be carried D.carrying 14. Cyclo, a sort of tricycle rickshaw, the most popular means of transport in Viet Nam in the past. A.wasB.used to C.used to be D.would be 15. We wish LCD projectors still expensive. A.haven’t beenB.are not C.were not D.hadn’t been IV. Fill in each blank in the passage with the correct word from the box. There are some extra words. unique history characteristics historical home houses variety popular Ha Noi’s Old Quarter was established hundreds of years ago on the east side of the ancient Thang Long citadel. In the old days, the Old Quarter, a system of narrow streets,alleys and houses, was (16) to several guilds such as bronze casting,forging, jewelry making, wood carving, silk and clothes trading. Small, beautifully styledhouses built along with a (17) local culture. Streets in the Old Quarterstill have names describing their original goods or craft, for example, Hang Bac or “SilverStreet”. The ground-floor shops of the (18) here now sell handicrafts,fine arts, and food. But the quarter also has a number of pagodas, temples, (19) relics, and festivals dedicated to the founders of some of the local crafts. Now, many guild streets, like Hang Quat street, don’t make fans anymore, but they are remembered as craft streets. The architecture and lifestyle of the local people reflect typical (20) of traditional guild streets in Ha Noi. V. Read the situations and write wishes you want to make for them. 1. Many schools are overcrowded because there are so many children in Viet Nam. I wish___. 2. My school has no playground equipment or extra activities. I wish___. 3. In the Mekong Delta, small children go through some foot bridges in order to get to school. I wish___. 4. Kindergarten teachers don’t have training courses in making handmade teaching materials. I wish___. 5. Children from poor families can’t go to school because they have to earn money to support their families. I wish ___. VI. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following passage. The Game of Squares Either boys or girls, usually aged from seven to ten, play the two-person game of"Mandarin's Box". They draw a rectangle on the ground and (26) it into ten smallsquares called "rice fields" or "fish ponds”. They also draw two additional semi-circular boxesat the two (27) of the rectangle, which are called"mandarin's boxes" - the game's name. Each person has 25 small pebbles and a bigger stone. Each player places the stone in one of the mandarin's boxes and five small pebbles in each of the other squares. Then the game begins. The first player takes up the contents of one square on his or her side ofthe board, but not a mandarin's box and distributes the pebbles one by one, (28) withthe next square in (29) direction. Since each square contains five pebbles at thebeginning, the first move will distribute five pebbles to the left or right. After the last pebble is distributed, the player takes the contents of the following squareand repeats the distribution (30) . But if the following square is one of the mandarin'sboxes, the turn ends and passes to the other player. If the last pebble falls into a square that precedes one empty square, the player wins allthe contents of the square following the empty square and (31) these pebbles from theboard. However, if there are two or more empty squares in a row, the player (32) hisor her turn. Once a player has taken pebbles from the board, the turn is (33) to the otherplayer. If all five squares on one player's side of the board are emptied at any time, that player must place one pebble he or she has aside back in each of the five squares so that the game can resume. The game (34) until the two mandarins' boxes have both been (35) . At theend of the game, the player with more pebbles wins, with each of the large stones counting as ten points. 26.A.shareB.divide C.separate D.leave 27.A.endsB.aims C.small points D.stops 28.A.startB.to start C.starting D. having started
10. 29.A.noB.allC.bothD.either 30.A.actionB.process C.change D.method 31.A.removesB.disappears C.leaves D.ends 32.A.winsB.succeeds C.fails D.loses 33.A.goneB.made C.passed D.rewarded 34.A.startsB.continues C.stops D.pauses 35.A.heldB.moved C.taken D.accepted VII.Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question. Viet Nam's Past Education System In comparison with other developing countries, Viet Nam’s population enjoys a relatively high standard of education. In the past, Viet Nam’s educational system was affected by many cultures, of which the Chinese and French had most significant influence. The Imperial Academy - the first university in Viet Nam - was built in 1076 under Emperor Ly Nhan Tong for the education of sons of royalty and other high-ranking officials. In 1252, the college was opened to students from various backgrounds besides royal or official ones. Before the French came, the old-type Mandarin system administered Viet Nam for approximately 2,000 years. As the French took over the government’s administration, it was converted from a Confucian system into a Western-oriented one. In order to participate in the civil service under the French rule, the Vietnamese had to convert to the French system and were required to know the French language. In addition, they had to have a good facility with the new version of their language instead of the traditional Chinese characters which had been in use for hundreds of years. At the beginning of 1900, the whole system was revised. An educational system of three levels was established: elementary, primary, and secondary education. In addition, the use of the national language (Quoc Ngu) was added to the curriculum. Emphasis was placed on rote learning, class discipline and other French educational methods. Several new schools and colleges were established. Accordingly, French became the second language of much importance to the students. 36. In the past, Viet Nam enjoyed a relatively high standard of education with . A. the effects of the Chinese culture B. the reign of Emperor Ly Nhan Tong C. the education of sons of royalty D. the establishment of the Imperial Academy 37. When the French took control of Vietnamese education, they . A. made Vietnamese people follow a Western-oriented education B. kept the old-type Mandarin system and the French education C. converted the French system into the Confucian one D. took over the government’s administration 38. We can infer from the passage that in the French education system in Viet Nam, . A.the traditional Chinese characters have been widely used B. the Confucian system was banned in the beginning C. the national language is the first language and French is the second one D. students with different academic levels could attend the Imperial Academy since 1252 39. All of the following are true about the education in Viet Nam under the French rule EXCEPT that A. the system had three levels B. students only used the national language at home C. most students paid much attention to French D. several new schools and colleges were established 40. The phrase “rote learning” in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to . A. learning class discipline B. learning the Mandarin Chinese for a while C. learning something to repeat it from memory D. learning the national language in three education levels Rewrite the following sentences in reported speech. 1. Susan said, “Every day teased and bullied and I don't know what to do!” ___ 2. “I’m having a really hard time getting along with my parents”, Quan told me. ___ 3. “Do I need a tutor when I get so in maths?” Mai asked her mother. ___ 4. “I'm scared to talk to other students at school, and I've never told my parents about being depressed,” Mi told Nick. ___ 5. David asked the doctor, “Why do I often sleep in class although I try hard to break my bad habit?” ___ 6. “Whenever I read a book, my mind starts to wander after a while, and I can't read anymore,” said Phong. ___ 7. “My mom sometimes complains about how untidy and lazy I am,” Linda told Susan. ___ 8. “My stepmother hates me and she often blames me for stealing things her friends gave her,” Tim said. ___
11. I. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined. 1.A.columnistB.frustrated C.study D.adulthood 2.A.helplineB.empathise C.embarrassed D.depressed 3.A.tenseB.decision C.skill D.house-keeping II. Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others. 4.A.neighbourhoodB.assignment C.emotion D.supportive 5.A.experienceB.emotional C.emergency D.favourable III. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences. 6. Pressure children to get into top schools has reached a crisis point. A.atB.under C.on D.with 7. Perhaps what you're reading or hearing is boring,which makes it hard to on the book or the conversation. A.concentrateB.rely C.depend D.notice 8. A great way to improve skills is to keep trying new things. A.reasonB.reasoned C.reasoning D.reasons’ 9. As children move toward , they are less likely to ask for advice. A.dependentB.dependence C.independent D.independence 10. Taking good notes students to evaluate, organize and summarize information. A.requestsB.requires C.allows D.offers 11. Susan needs someone to show her how to her anxiety and depression. A.empathiseB.try C.succeed D.manage 12. Mi asked what information she that assignment. A.need to be doneB.needed doing C.need to doD.needed to do 13. My teacher told me that attend the math course for the higher level programme that I for. A.can’t - applyB.couldn’t - apply C.can’t - applied D.couldn’t – had applied 14. My parents asked me to find out it gave you so much trouble. A.whatB.which C.why D.where 15. I am not sure I can’t solve this problem. A.howB.what C.who D.by whom IV. Fill in each blank in the passage with the correct word from the box. There are some extra words. place demands compete exams scores choices gain tutor Nowadays, parents are determined to get their children into the highest performing school in their area. Many of these schools are seeing (16) of children competing for each place and are setting ever more rigorous tests and (17) to select their preferred students. These students may be as young as 9 or 10 when they start this process. In London, the pressure on children to succeed and (18) a place at the "right" school has almost become out of control with experts predicting that this situation will only continue to worsen as the (19) for school places grow. Employing a(n) (20) for your child, which only a few years ago would have been seen as an unusual step, is now common for many parents. V. Rewrite the following in reported speech. 21. Mai said, “The stress of the entrance examinations made me physically ill.” ___ ___ 22. “It breaks my heart to see her upset when she failed the exam,” Nora's mother said. ___ ___ 23. “I feel stressed and tense to see that I can't get the perfect results, Phong,” said Mi ___ ___ 24. Quan said, “Study stress has been a part of my life.” ___ ___ 25. “I started experiencing symptoms of stress in grade 8,” Phong said. ___ ___ VI. Choose the word or phrase among A, Cor D at best fits the blank space in the following passage. Puberty is the time when your body grows from a child's to an adult's. You will know that you are going (26) puberty by the way that your body changes. If you are a boy, your shoulders will (27) and your body will become more muscular. These changes are caused by the hormones (28) your body begins producing in much larger amounts (29) before. Puberty (30) over a number of years, and the age at which it starts and ends varies (31) . It generally begins somewhere between the ages of 7 and 13 for girls, and somewhere between the ages of 9 and 15 for boys, although it can be earlier or later for some (32) in age is normal. Sometimes, (33) ,people pass this normal age range for puberty (34) showing any signs of body changes. This is (35) delayed puberty. 26.A.atB.in C.through D.out of
12. 27.A.widenB.increaseC.expandD.spread 28.A.howB.what C.this D.that 29.A.more thanB.than C.as well as D.as 30.A.survivesB.exists C.begins D.occurs 31.A. wideB.widely C.width D.widen 32.A. periodB.offer C.range D.limit 33.A. howeverB.but C.moreover D.although 34.A.refusingB.avoiding C.with D.without 35.A.callB.called C.being called D.having called Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences. 6. It is considered that life in a city is wonderful and . A. funnyB. boring C. enjoyable D. helpful 7. You'll have opportunities to widen your global horizons while living in this cultural capital city. A. unlimitedB. comfortable C. cheerful D. populous 8. Dubai's Palm Islands in the blue ocean is the of a good and sunny life. A. indicatorB. view C. signal D. sign 9. This place is so with the non-stop flow of customers to come and enjoy pho. A. deliciousB. convenient C. popular D. exciting 10.Visitors can take a free boat from Manhattan to Staten Island for a great of the Statue of Liberty and the Manhattan skyline. A. viewB. sight C. scene D. landscape 11.Ha Noi also offers a nightlife as exciting as in Ho Chi Minh City. A. itB. which C. what D. that 12.When you want to relax, you'll have one of the world's cities at your feet, with more than 40% green space and open water to enjoy. A. greenerB. greenest C. mostly green D. green mostly 13.Let me know when you come to Ha Noi and I'll . A. take you outB. bring you around C. cheer you up D. show you around 14.We expected her at nine but she finally at eleven. A. turned upB. turned out C. came over D. grew up 15.Ann is taking extra lessons to what she missed while she was sick. A. take backB. get on well with C. keep up with D. look forward to IV.Fill in each blank in the passage with the correct word from the box. There are some extra words. identify ancient chances romantic symbols cosmopolitan important populous City icons play an important role in the efforts of cities to get remembered. The icons are that the city (16) that appear on postcards sent to family and friends. By seeing one shot of the Golden Gate Bridge in a television series or movie, we know immediately it is San Francisco. Good city icons carry a meaning. They tell a story about the associated city. For example, the Eiffel Tower is definitely the most (17) symbol of Paris. It has a simple form but it symbolises what Paris is and wants to be: the world's most (18) city. Love couples from all over the world go up to see the sunset over Paris. Besides, Rome's Colosseum stands for the true (19) of Rome: a(n) (20) city that relies on its historical importance. The Colosseum as an icon show the current importance of historical values among Rome's inhabitants. V. Complete each sentence with a phrasal verb from the box. Change the form of the verb if necessary. turn up take off set up grow up look forward to 21. Please your shoes when you come in the house. 22.I was born in Hai Duong, but I in Ha Noi. 23.I'm really my holiday to Nha Trang. 24. It is necessary for a foreign language centre to an English club. 25. Tom is not very punctual. He usually ten minutes after the lesson has started. Make a complex sentence from each pair of sentences. Use the subordinator provided and make any necessary changes. 1. Many craft families stopped their business. There is the economic crisis in the world. (because) ___ ___ 2. Dong Ho paintings are simple. These pictures reflect a typical characteristic of Vietnamese labourers, (although) ___ ___ 3. Three villages were chosen for the pilot project. The Asia Foundation had worked with local authorities. (after) ___ 4. We do not have many handicraft products that are well-known abroad. There are thousands of craft trades nationwide. (though) ___ ___
13. 5. The craft village must also meet environmental requirements. It wants to develop craft village tourism. (so that) ___ ___ 6. Viet Nam began integrating into the international economy a few decades ago. Production in craft villages developed strongly, meeting demand for domestic decoration, and construction. (when) ___ ___ 7. At the age of over 80, the artisan is instructing the craft to his grandchildren. He wants them to preserve this ancient craft. (so that) ___ ___ 8. The workers have taken several steps to whiten the palm leaves. They sew together the leaves and the rings. (after) ___ ___ 9. The conical hat has several useful functions. It protects the wearer's head and face from sunlight or rain, and it also works as a handy fan on hot summer days. (because) ___ ___ 10.Local people in Thanh Ha pottery village near Hoi An continue following their craft. There isn't enough support for maintaining the old traditions and skills. (although) ___