Những từ gây nhầm lần trong Tiếng Anh - Phần 4 - Thấm Tâm Vy

Nội dung text: Những từ gây nhầm lần trong Tiếng Anh - Phần 4 - Thấm Tâm Vy

1. ENGLISH CONFUSABLE WORDS ~ 04 - We had two still very ill men on our hands. - It was a drug given to severely mentally ill people. Hair (tóc), hairs (lông) Some American speakers use ill on its own in front of a noun. The mass of thin strands that grow on a person’s head is called hair. Hair also grows - one of our ill sisters on other parts of the body. Note that hair is an uncount noun when used with this You can use sick in front of a noun. meaning. - I’d say he’s a sick man. - He asked me why I had dyed my hair. - He hadfinished combing his hair and was now inspecting the result. sometimes, sometime In most societies the fact that adult females have hair on their bodies is taken for You use sometimes to say that something happens on certain occasions, rather than all granted and even appreciated. Individual strands of hair are called hairs. the time. - the sprinkling of grey hairs that had grown more noticeable with each year. -‘Do you hear from your sister? ~ ‘Sometimes.’ - She left trails of long grey hairs as she paced the house. - Sometimes I wish I was back in Africa. You can also use sometimes to say that something happens in certain cases, but not in remark, notice every case. If you remark that something is the case, you say what you think about a particular Sometimes they just come for a term, sometimes six months. subject or what you have observed about it. What you say may be an opinion or a Sometimes, people do not begin to examine their marriages until they see the divorce statement of fact. advancing upon them. - All day people had remarked that I looked well. Sometime means at a vague or unspecified time in the future or past. - But as the journalist himself remarked, clothes alone cannot disguise anyone. - Can I come and see you sometime? - ‘A fine autumn morning, Mr Castle,’ Mr Halliday remarked. - He saw Frieda Maloney sometime last week. If you notice that something is the case, you become aware of it. You may say When it is used in this way, sometime is often written as two words. something about it, or you may not. - He died some time last year. - The first thing you noticed about him was his eyes. You also use sometime in front of a title or name of a job to indicate the position or - I noticed a stranger leaning over the gate, watching us with interest. job that someone had at an unspecified time in the past. - She stood back so that they would not notice her. - Sir Alfred Mannings, sometime President ofthe Royal Adademy. sick, nauseous, vomit, ill speak, talk To be sick means to bring up food through your mouth from your stomach. When you speak or talk, you use your voice to produce words. Sometimes you can - She was in a ship. She was going to be sick. use both speak and talk without changing the sense very much, as in the following - He was being violently sick. examples. To feel sick means to feel that you want to be sick. - Johnny had been speaking almost in a whisper. - Flying always makes me feel sick. - Uncle Sam went on talking, in his low, throaty voice. American speakers say they feel nauseous rather than ’feel sick’. You usually use speak when one person is addressing another, and the second person is They use the verb vomit instead of ‘be sick’. Feel nauseous and vomit are also used listening rather than joining in. For example, a politician speaks to an audience. If you in more formal British English. speak to someone about something that worries or annoys you, you say what you think - I felt dizzy and nauseous. is wrong. - She was stricken with pain and began to vomit. - It was Harold’s turn to speak. If someone has a disease or a problem with their health, you can describe them as ill or - He never spoke at meetings butjust stared at the other directors. sick. - It was essential that I speak to Smithy. - I’m too ill to see anyone. - Several parents had spoken to me expressing their grave concern. - My boy’s sick. Measles. You usually use talk when two or more people are having a conversation or Most British speakers do not use ill in front of a noun unless they are also using an discussion. For example, when people have a meal together, they talk to each other. If adverb such as ‘very’, ‘seriously’, or ‘terminally’. you talk to someone about something that worries or annoys you, you discuss it with Thẩm Tâm Vy, August 18, 2020 ENGLISH CONFUSABLE WORDS - 04
2. them and expect them to express their point of view. Note that in American English you You use neither to refer to each of two people or things when you are making a can also talk with someone. negative statement that applies to both of them. - A family of five were finishing lunch and talking loudly. - Neither had close female friends at the university. - She said that she would like to meet me because Patricia had talked about me. - She chose first one, then another, but neither was to her satisfaction. - If you are really serious, Davis, I’ll talk to Watson. You can also use neither of followed by a pronoun or noun group. - Have you talked with the doctor yet? - Neither of them spoke again for a long while. • If you speak a language, you know that language and can use it. - Neither of these extremes is desirable. - You speak such excellent French! • You can also use neither immediately in front of a singular count noun. - Peter was one of the few members of his team to speak good English. - Militarily, neither side can win. - He made friends with Korean labourers who spoke some English but wanted to learn more. elder, eldest, older, oldest, elderly • During an actual conversation, you can talk or speak in a language, or talk or speak You use elder and eldest to say who was bom before others in a family. For example, the language. Note that speak is slightly more formal. if you have an elder brother or sister, you have a brother or sister who was bom before - Sitting Bull was to talk in the Sioux language; an interpreter was to translate. you. - They spoke in Yiddish in case the line was being tapped. - The eldest child in a family was bom before the other children. - There were a lot ofpeople on the boat talking French. - His mother had impressed upon him how hopeless he was compared to his elder - Then it dawned on me that they were speaking Spanish. brother. - Angela was very fond of her parents, though bitterly jealous of her elder sister. spend, pass (time) - They were pretty girls and I guessed that the eldest, Marianne, was no more than If you do something from the beginning to the end of a period of time, you can say that twenty. you spend that amount of time doing it. You use older and oldest to say who was bom first in any group of people, not just - She woke early, meaning to spend all day writing. families. - At the end of last term I spent three days cleaning our flat. - One of the older boys had to be continually on watch for wild animals. You can also say that you spend time in a place, if you are there from the beginning to - Some years ago I had the privilege of meeting the world’s oldest man. the end of that period of time. If you talk about ‘older people’, you mean people who are no longer young. - We found a hotel where we could spend the night. - The older people, like Miss Clare and Mrs Pringle, shake their heads sadly. - He spent most of his time in the library. Older can be used to show differences in age, in comparisons using ‘than’. ‘Elder’ If you do something to occupy yourself while you are waiting for something, you say cannot be used in this way. that you do it to ‘pass the time’. - Jemmy was at least five years older than I was. - He had brought a book along to pass the time. - She was a couple of years older than me. - How am I going to pass the time here?’ he wondered. If you describe someone as elderly, you mean that they are old. Some people consider You can say that time has passed in order to express the idea that a period of time has elderly a more polite word than ‘old’. finished. - a small, energetic, elderly man with a heavy moustache. - The first few days passed. - ’The elderly’ are elderly people. - The time seems to have passed so quickly. - a psychiatrist who specialized in the care of the elderly. none, neither electric, electrical You use none to refer to three or more people or things when you are making a You use electric to describe particular machines or devices that use electricity. negative statement that applies to all of them. - Place all the chopped vegetables in an electric blender. - None could afford the books or food. - an electric fire. - The bomb exploded and knocked out afew men. Luckily, none were killed. You also use electric to describe things that are directly involved in producing or You can also use none of followed by a pronoun or noun group. conducting electricity. - None of them had learned anything about the teaching of reading. - Electric current does not flow through water, but through the impurities in water. - None of his black companions answered. - The electric wiring is dangerous. Thẩm Tâm Vy, August 18, 2020 ENGLISH CONFUSABLE WORDS - 04
3. You use electrical when you are talking in a more general way about machines, - My mother, although only a poor relation, nevertheless was related to the late Sir devices, or systems which use or produce electricity. Perceval Large. Electrical is typically used in front of nouns such as ‘equipment’, ‘appliance’, and - Harold Ross, the late editor of The New Yorker. ‘component’. A deceased person is one who has recently died. For example, the deceased president - Removal men won’t disconnect any electrical or gas apparatus. is someone who was president until they died a short time ago. Deceased is a rather - electrical appliances such as dishwashers and washing machines. formal word. - more attractive technologies for storing heat and electrical energy. - . Duke Amadeus IX, the sixteen-year-old son of the now deceased Duke Louis. You also use electrical to talk about people or organizations connected with the - I felt grateful to the deceased Uncle James. production of electricity or electrical goods. - a vast firm of consulting electrical engineers. Note: Deceased is most commonly used as a noun. The deceased is a dead person, - the electrical and mechanical engineering industries. especially someone who has died very recently. It is a formal word, commonly used in legal contexts. especially, specially - Did you know the deceased? You use especially to emphasize one member or part of a group you have mentioned. You can replace especially by ‘in particular’. hire, rent, let - the difficulty of the poor in advanced economies, especially the United States. In British English, if you pay a sum of money in order to use something for a short You can also use especially to emphasize one aspect, case, or circumstance where period of time, you can say that you hire it. something that you are saying is true. You can replace especially by ‘in particular’. In American English, it is more common to say that you rent it. - The truef igures may be much higher, especially in rural areas. - He had been unable to hire another car because of the holiday season. You most often use specially to indicate that something is done for someone or for a - He rented a car for the weekend. special reason. It is often followed by ‘for’ or by a verb, usually the past participle. If you make a series of payments in order to use something for a long period, you say - I guessed that the mint had been put there specially for me. that you rent it. - What is a meal? It’s food specially prepared to be appetizing. - The apartment he had rented was on the thirdfloor. Note that sometimes especially is used with this meaning when something is done or - He rented a colour TVsoon after moving into his apartment in Rummidge. provided for a person. If you rent a house or room to someone, they pay you money to be allowed to live in it - excellent clothes boutiques especially for the rich young female. - Normally we live in Falminster but had rented our house there to a visiting American You can use especially or specially in front of an adjective and sometimes in front of a professor and hisfamily. verb to mean ‘more than usually’. Note that specially is more informal than - They had tried to make ends meet by renting the basement room to A family ofItalian especially. refugees. - It seemed especially illogical. If you let a house or room to someone, they pay you money to be allowed to live in it - a specially long and elaborate song. - The people who have large houses would never dream of letting a rfrom to a school - I specially like her story about Norma Talmadge. teacher. - The notice said: ‘Room in private flat to let until end October.’ former [cựu], late [nguyên], deceased [cố] You use former to describe someone who used to have a particular job or position, but who no longer has it. For example, the former president is someone who used to be the president, but is not any more. Former does not indicate whether the person is alive or to be continued dead now. - former President Gerald Ford. - Sir Ralph Verney, former chairman ofthe Nature Conservancy Council. You use late when you are talking about someone who is dead. For example, the late president is someone who used to be president, but who is now dead. They need not have been president when they died. Thẩm Tâm Vy, August 18, 2020 ENGLISH CONFUSABLE WORDS - 04