Tài liệu ôn thi THPT Quốc gia môn Tiếng Anh - Lesson 10: Special – Các cấu trúc đặc biệt

Nội dung text: Tài liệu ôn thi THPT Quốc gia môn Tiếng Anh - Lesson 10: Special – Các cấu trúc đặc biệt

1. LESSON 10: SPECIAL– CÁC CẤU TRÚC ĐẶC BIỆT 1, Câu cảm thán - How + adj : How beautiful! (Đẹp quá) - How + adj / adv + S + be/ V : How beautifully you sing! (Bạn hát thật hay) - How + S + V : How you’ve grown! (Con lớn nhanh quá) - What + a / an (+ adj) + N : What an intelligent girl (she is)! : What dreadful weather (it is)! - What (+ a / an) + adj + N + S + V : What a beautiful dress you are wearing! 2. Từ chỉ số lượng stt Từ nghĩa +Nun +Ns (+) (-) (?) 1 A lot of/ lots of/ plenty of Nhiều √ √ √ √ √ 2 A number of/ a great number of Nhiều √ √ √ √ 3 An amount of/ a large amount of Nhiều √ √ √ √ 4 A great deal of Nhiều √ √ √ √ 5 Many Nhiều √ √ √ √ 6 Much Nhiều √ √ √ √ 7 Some Một vài, một ít √ √ √ √ 8 Any Gì cả, gì không? √ √ √ √ 9 A little = some √ √ √ 10 A few = some √ √ √ 11 Little = only a little = not much √ √ √ 12 Few = only a few = not many √ √ √ 3. ALL – MOST – SOME – NO . - all , most, some, no + ( adjective ) + plural noun / uncountable noun - all of, most of, some of, none of + determiners (a, an, the, my, his, this, that ) + N + pronouns ( them , us . ) 4. Lối nói phụ họa: too, so, either, neither 5. Cấu trúc gợi ý * S + suggest(s) + V-ing + * S + suggest(s) + (that) + S (+ should )+ V(infinitive) + EX: He suggests going fishing this weekend He suggests (that) we (should) go fishing this weekend. How about/ what about + V_ing ? Let’s + V (bare inf) . Why don’t you/we + V (bare inf) ? 6. Quá, đủ để làm gì S + V + too + adj/adv + (for someone) + to do something: (quá để cho ai làm gì ) S + V + so + adj/ adv + that + S + V: (quá đến nỗi mà ) It + V + such + (a/an) + N(s) + that + S + V: (quá đến nỗi mà ) S + V + adj/ adv + enough + (for someone) + to do something : (Đủ cho ai đó làm gì ) 7. Đã đến lúc ai làm gì It + be + time + S + V (-ed, P2) / It’s +time +for someone + to do something : (đã đến lúc ai đó phải làm gì ) Ex: -It is time you had a shower. (Bạn đã đến lúc đi tắm) 8. Mất bao lâu/ bao tiền để làm gì It + takes/took+ someone + amount of time + to do something: (làm gì mất bao nhiêu thời gian ) S + spend + time (on) + Ving 9. Cấu trúc với “RATHER” và “PREFER” - Would rather V (than V) = would prefer to V (rather than V) = prefer Ving to Ving: muốn gì hơn gì - Prefer to V = would rather V = like Ving: muốn gì hơn - would rather + S + Ved/ didn’t V (hiện tại): muốn ai làm gì/ muốn ai không làm gì + had PP (quá khứ) + would V (tương lai) - rather (conj) = in contrast: trái lại - rather (Adv) = quite = not very 1
2. 10. Cấu trúc với “USE” - used to V/ didn’t use to V: đã từng/ chưa từng (thói quen trong quá khứ) - be/ get used to Ving: quen với/ đang quen với 11. S + find sth + Adj + to V: ai thấy gì làm sao Eg: I find it hard to speak English well. 12. It + be + Adj + for sb + to V = Ving + be + Adj Eg: It’s not easy for me to work hard. => Working hard for me is not easy. 13. Adj-ing: miêu tả tính chất – Adj-ed: miêu tả cảm xúc Adj-ing: interesting, boring, exciting, disappointing, amazing, amusing, depressing, frightening, threatening, Adj-ed: interested, bored, excited, disappointed, amazed, amused, depressed, frightened, threatened Eg: The dog is frightened when standing in front of the lion. The lion is too frightening. (Chú chó đang sợ hãi. Con sư tử quá đáng sợ) 14. Ving/ PP + N: miêu tả mục đích/ bị tác động Eg: The broken chair is in the living room. (Chiếc ghế bị gãy ở trong phòng khách) 15. Cấu trúc giả định Những động từ theo sau bằng hình thức giả định cách: advise/ ask/ command/ demand/ desire/ insist/ propose/ recommend/ request/ suggest/ urge (that) - Những cấu trúc theo sau bằng hình thức giả định cách: It be + best / desirable / imperative / recommended / vital/ crucial / essential /necessary / important / urgent (khẩn cấp) / a good – bad idea Eg: It’s important that she do the homework carefully. 16. Cấu trúc nhận định S + modal + have PP: đã Must + have PP: chắc hẳn đã Should/ shouldn’t have PP: nên đã/ không nên đã Can’t have PP: không thể đã Needn’t have PP: không cần phải đã Eg 1: You got mark 10. You must have worked very hard last night. (Bạn chắc hẳn đã học rất chăm chỉ đêm qua – vì được 10 điểm) Eg 2: You shouldn’t have gone out last night. You look terrible. (Bạn không nên đã đi chơi hôm qua. Trông bạn ghê quá) 17. Trật tự tính từ: OpSAShCOMP: quan điểm – kích cỡ – tuổi hình dáng – màu – xuất xứ - vật liệu – mục đích) (opinion – size – age – shape – color – origin – material – purpose ) + N Eg: I have a beautiful small old round blue Japanese wool sleeping bag. 18. Cấu trúc nhờ vả (nhờ/ bị làm gì) S + get sb + to V = S + have sb + V = S + have/get + sth + PP Eg 1: I get my sister to do my homework. = I have my sister do my homework. = I have/ get my homework done by my sister. 19, bj động kép People/they + think/say/suppose/believe/consider/report + that + clause. It's + thought/said/ supposed/believed/considered/reported + that + clause S + am/is/are + thought/ said/supposed + to + Vinf + to have PP 20, need (v) + to V => to be PP/ V-ing (bị động) don’t/ doesn’t/ didn’t need to V needn’t V/ Need S + V (modal) needn’t have PP: không cần phải đã 21. no sth left: không còn gì nữa There is no + N + left: Không còn lại thứ gì đó = S + have run out of + N (Chúng ta hết rồi! – dùng hiện tại hoàn thành với chủ ngữ là “we”) Eg: There is no sugar left! = We have run out of sugar! 22. No nor : There + be + no + N + nor + N: Không có và cũng không có Eg: There is no bread nor milk. Today, there is no team assignment nor homework. 2
3. GRAMMAR PRACTICE 1 Choose the correct answer 1. She was once bitten by a monkey, made her dislike monkeys for the rest of her life. A. whoseB. thatC. whichD. who 2. It was announced that neither the passengers nor the driver in the crash. A. injuredB. were injuredC. had injuredD. was injured 3. It before you start applying for any job, you must be absolutely sure you have right A. qualifyingB. qualifiersC. qualitiesD. qualifications 4. I you know important this is. A. need to hardly tellB. need hardly to tellC. need to tell hardlyD. need hardly tell 5. at Hanoi Sakura Festival 2017, we found it very impressive. A. As soon as it rainedB. If it hadn’t rainedC. Much as it rainedD. because it was raining 6. dead no longer need help. We must concern ourselves w ith living. A. A - the - aB. The - the - theC. A - a - aD. The - Ø - the 7. The dress is a little big for you You’d better go to tailor’s and at the waist. A. have it made widerB. have it made less wideC. make it less wideD. make it wider 8. Not only among the largest animal that ever lived, but they are also among the more intelligent. A. they are whalesB. are whalesC. whalesD. some whales 9. The students were not satisfied A. as the teacher’s not informing them about the coming test. B. because of the teacher's not informing them of the coming test. C. because the teacher not inform them of the coming test. D. since the teacher's no information about the coming test. 10. It is the imperativeness that anyone of us how to behave properly in different cultures. - "When in Rome do as Romans do", goes an English saying. A. learnsB. learnC. must learnD. will learn 11. We need information before we can decide. A. fartherB. furtherC. farD. furthest 12. Many experts agree that there is a possibility in this area in the following days. A. that some more earthquakes may happenB. where may some more earthquakes happen C. what may some more earthquakes happenD. when some more earthquakes may happen 13. Some researchers are finding that daydreaming may be important to mental health and it is good means of relaxation. A. Ø - ØB. Ø - theC. Ø - aD. the - Ø 14. There was a look on her face because a problem the little girl. A. puzzled; puzzling; puzzledB. puzzled; puzzled; puzzled C. puzzling; puzzling; puzzledD. puzzling; puzzled; puzzling 15. This is the biggest lab we have ever built in our university. A. whichB. whatC. thatD. where 16. Henry has come in his raincoat and boots, for rain. A. preparingB. to prepareC. preparesD. prepared 17. for the timely investment from the general public, our company would not be so thriving as it is. A. Be it notB. Had it not beenC. Were it notD. Should it not 18. The bicycle now. You can do it tomorrow or the day after tomorrow on Mars. A. need to repairB. needn't be repairedC. needn't repairingD. need repairing 19. It's very kind of you to give me something on my birthday, but you bought such an expensive present like this. A. needn't haveB. didn't needC. haven't neededD. needn't 20. Not only the exam but she also got the scholarship. A. did she passB. she passedC. has she passedD. she has passed 21. you study, marks you will get. A. The harder - the bestB. The harder - the better C. The more - the muchD. The hardest - the best 22. By the end of the 21st century, Chinese astronauts A. will have landedB. will landC. will be landedD. will be landing 23. He asked me home the day before. A. what time I leftB. what time I leave C. what time I had leftD. what time I will leave 24. Computers are used in schools and universities. 3
4. A. widelyB. widthC. widenD. wide 25. you study, marks you will get. A. The harder - the bestB. The harder - the better C. The more - the muchD. The hardest - the best 26. It is time every student harder for the coming exam. A. workB. worksC. should workD. worked 27. We for this opportunity for more than three years. A. have been waitingB. were waitingC. waitedD. are waiting 28. ~ Guest: "Your kitchen is fantastic! Did you do it all by yourself?" ~ Host: "No, by a professional." A. had it designedB. have it to be designedC. designed itD. had designed it 29. During the week of the national tourism festival, we had visitors from all over the country. A. comingB. cameC. to have comeD. come 30. It was a service I will be eternally grateful. A. for whomB. for whichC. to whomD. to which 31. I didn’t get home until after midnight last night. Otherwise, your call. A. returnedB. would have returnedC. had returnedD. would return 32. It turned out that we rushed to the airport as the plane was delayed by several hours. A. needn’t haveB. mustn’tC. hadn’tD. should have 33. With the help of German experts, the factory produced cars in 2016 as the year before. A. as twice as manyB. as twice manyC. as many as twiceD. twice as many 34. Bill took not only a French class a Japanese class. A. but tooB. andC. but alsoD. too 35. Computers that once took up entire rooms are now to put on desktops and into wristwatches. A. small enoughB. as small as C. smaller thanD. so small 36. One prefers to shop at Harrod’s, ? A. isn’t itB. don’t youC. doesn’t oneD. isn’t one 37. How many the game is still unknown? A. fans attendedB. fans attendingC. did fans attendD. has attended 38. here for hours and I feel tired. A. I have stoodB. I have been standingC. I’m standing D. I had been standing 39. Andrea has a rug on the floor in her bedroom. A. lovely long sheepskin whiteB. lovely long white sheepskin C. long lovely white sheepskinD. sheepskin lovely long white 40. The second bus, didn’t stop either. A. that is full.B. that was fullC. which was full.D. what was full 41. ~ "Buy me a newspaper on your way back, ?" A. do youB. will youC. don’t youD. can’t you 42. Susan’s doctor insists for a few days. A. her restingB. her to restC. that she restD. that she is resting 43. The United States consists of fifty states, has its own government. A. hence eachB. each of whichC. they eachD. each of that 44. "What was the groom wearing?" ~ "He was dressed in a " A. light suit summerB. light summer suitC. summer suit lightD. suit summer light 45. The balloon festival is event that we all desire to attend it. A. such wonderful anB. so wonderful anC. a very wonderfulD. a too wonderful 46. It’s a pity we didn’t visit Tom when we had the chance. We’d like him before he left the country. A. to have seenB. to seeC. to be seenD. to have being seen 47. David for 5 hours before he arrives. A. will have been driving B. will have been driven C. will have to driveD. will be driving 48. he sat down when he was sent for again. A. Scarcely hadB. No sooner hadC. Not untilD. Hardly did 49. I’ll send this project to is responsible for designing and building A. anyoneB. whateverC. whoeverD. whom 50. The number of working women from 49% in 1980 to nearly 65% in China today. A. has increasedB. is increasingC. have increasedD. has been increased 51. Water volume in rivers in central Vietnam will decline by 30 to 50 percent, potentially leading to a between April and June. 4
5. A. scarcelyB. scarceC. scarifyD. scarcity 52. Books and magazines around made his room very untidy. A. which liedB. lying C. layingD. that lie 53. Jane really loves the jewelry box that her parents gave her as a birthday present. A. brown wooden niceB. nice wooden brownC. wooden brown nice D. nice brown wooden 54. "You have cooked so many dishes. There are only three of us for lunch." A. couldn’tB. wouldn’tC. needn’tD. oughtn’t 55. Everyone here has been to London, ? A. hasn’t theyB. haven’t theyC. has he D. hasn’t he 56. " you treat him, he’ll help you. He’s so tolerant." A. No matter howB. Even thoughC. As ifD. In addition to 57. She gave me a box. A. small square metal jewelryB. jewelry small metal square C. small square jewelry metalD. jewelry metal small square 58. Stress, is a psychological problem, may lead to physical illness. A. thatB. whichC. whatD. whose 59. Nobody says a word about the accident, ? A. don't theyB. does heC. doesn't heD. do they 60. You your room carelessly because it is still very untidy. A. can't have cleanedB. must have cleanedC. could cleanD. shouldn't clean 61. Don't try to phone me! By the time you read this letter, A. have leftB. I’m leavingC. will have leftD. will leave 62. Mary, mother is a doctor, intends to choose medicalcareer. A. thatB. whomC. whoseD. who 63. Internet has helped bloggers share their experiences and opinions easily and quickly. A. connectorB. connectivityC. connectionD. connecting 64. My mother advised me an apple every day to stay healthy. A. eatB. eatingC. ateD. to eat 65. It is raining hard. We had better at hometonight. A. to stayB. stayingC. stayD. to be staying 66. classical dance for five years, Akiko finally felt ready in public. A. Studying / to be performedB. Having studied / to perform C. To study / performedD. Being studied / having performed 67. The computer's memory is the place where information and calculations are done. A. keptB. keepC. are keptD. is kept 68. Last year Matt earned his brother, who had a better position. A. twice as more asB. twice more thanC. twice as many asD. twice as much as 69. Emails are among young people than the elders. A. more used widelyB. more widelyC. widely more usedD. more widely used 70. Only when you become a parent what true responsibility is. A. you will understandB. don't you understandC. you understandD. will you understand 71. The preparations by the time the guests A. have been finished - arrivedB. had been finished - arrived C. have finished - arrivedD. had finished - arrived 72. He was offered the job thanks to his performance during his job interview. A. impressB. impressionC. impressivelyD. impressive 73. As an , Mr. Pike is very worried about the increasing of teenager crimes. A. educateB. educationalC. educationD. educator 74. turned out to be true. A. Everything she had told usB. Everything where she had told us C. Everything she had told us whichD. That everything she told us 75. Not only to determine the depth of the ocean floor, but it is also used to locate oil. A. seismology is usedB. to use seismology C. using seismology D. Is seismology used 76. You'd better get someone your living room. A. redecorating.B. redecorateC. to redecorateD. redecorated 77. They had invited over one hundred guests, 5
6. A. none of whom I knewB. I knew none of who C. not any of whom I knewD. I did not know any of whom 78. The dictionary is not available at the moment. A. for that you askedB. for you askedC. you askedD. you asked for 79. with the size of the whole Earth, the highest mountains do not seem high at all. A. When comparedB. Compare themC. A comparisonD. If you compare 80. I’m sure that you can recognize her at the station; she a red raincoat. A. will be wearingB. will have wornC. is going to wearD. will have been wearing 81. The workers raised the temperature the metal to melt. A. highly enough forB. high enough forC. enough high forD. high enough at 82. This dictionary includes a few animations. A. electricB. electricalC. electricityD. electronic 83. By the time you read this letter, I home for Paris. A. am leaving B. have leftC. will have leftD. will leave 84. The bigger the supermarket is, A. the choice is wideB. the wider the choice it is C. the more the choice isD. the wider the choice will be 85. The cake is gone and Peter was out during this morning. He it. A. mustn't eatB. mightn't eatC. can't have eatenD. shouldn't have eaten 86. It was at this shop I bought those books. A. whichB. thatC. whereD. who 87. appear, they are really much larger than the Earth. A. Small as the starsB. Despite of the small starsC. As the small starsD. The stars as small 88. He has just bought a A. blue sleeping polyester bagB. sleeping blue polyester bag C. polyester sleeping blue bagD. blue polyester sleeping bag 89. Because of weather conditions, California has an advantage in the production of fruits and vegetables. A. favourB. favouriteC. favourablyD. favourable 90. With greatly increased workloads, everyone is pressure now. A. UnderB. aboveC. uponD. out of 91. August 3rd, 1998, the day on my sister was bom, is the first day I remember. A. thatB. itC. whichD. when 92. Sometimes, I do not feel like to my sibling about my troubles. A. to talkB. talkingC. talkD. talked 93. You should have your composition carefully before you hand it in. A. looked inB. gone overC. seen throughD. thought of 94. After seeing the movie 'Centennial', A. the book was read by many peopleB. the reading of the book interested many people C. many people wanted to read the bookD. the book made many people want to read it 95. When you here at this time tomorrow, I the room up. A. comes - will tidyB. come - will have tidied C. will come - will be tidyingD. come - will be tidying 96. When I got up this morning, the kitchem was spotless. Alex it before she went to bed last night. A. needn't have tidiedB. must have tidiedC. should have tidiedD. mustn't have tidied 97. By next June, Kevin for this company for seven years. A. will have been working B. is workingC. has workedD. will work 98. I was made when I was at school. A. study hard B. to study hardC. to studying hardD. studying hard 99. This shirt is that one. A. a bit less expensiveB. as much expensive as C. not nearly as expensive as D. much far expensive than 100. My friend bought from a shop on Tran Phu Street. A. a brown nice leather beltB. a nice brown leather belt C. a nice leather brown beltD. a leather brown nice belt. CÁC THẦY CÔ QUAN TÂM TỚI TÀI LIỆU ÔN THI THPTQG: - 200 đề thi các trường 2019 có đáp án 6
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