Trọng tâm ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh phổ thông - Chuyên đề: Passive voice (Thể bị động) - Trương Đăng Ái

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1. CHUYÊN ĐỀ: PASSIVE VOICE (THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG) ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
2. 1 : Active → Passive: Ex: Active: She arranges the books on the shelf every weekend. → Passive: The books are arranged on the shelf by her every weekend. – V trong câu chủ động phải là Transitive Verb (Ngoại động từ): đòi hỏi có Object theo sau) – Các Object (trực tiếp, gián tiếp) phải được nêu rõ ràng Khi biến đổi 1 câu từ chủ động sang bị động ta làm theo các bước sau: B1. Xác định S, V, O và thì của V trong câu chủ động. B2. Lấy O trong câu chủ động làm S của câu bị động. B3. Lấy S trong câu chủ động làm O và đặt sau By trong câu bị động. B4. Biến đổi V chính trong câu chủ động thành PP (Past Participle) trong câu bị động. B5. Thêm To be vào trước PP trong câu bị động (To be phải chia theo thời của V chính trong câu chủ động và chia theo số của S trong câu bị động). ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
3. 2 Notes: a. Trong câu bị động by + O luôn đứng sau adverbs of place (trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn) và đứng trước adverbs of time (trạng từ chỉ thời gian). b. Trong câu bị động, có thể bỏ: by people, by us, by them, by someone, by him, by her nếu chỉ đối tượng không xác định. c. Nếu O trong câu bị động là sự vật, sự việc thì dùng with thay cho by. Ex: “The bird was shot with the gun”. NHƯNG “The bird was shot by the hunter.” ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
4. 3 Tenses Active Passive Simple Present S + V + O S + be + PP + by + O Present S + am/ is/ are + V-ing + O S + am/ is/ are + being + PP + by + O Continuous Present Perfect S + has/ have + PP + O S + has/ have + been + PP + by + O Simple Past S + V-ed + O S + was/ were + PP + by + O Past Continuous S + was/ were + V-ing + O S + was/ were + being + PP + by + O Past Perfect S + had + PP + O S + had + been + PP + by + O Simple Future S + will/ shall + V + O S + will + be + PP + by + O Future Perfect S + will/ shall + have + PP + O S + will + have + been + PP + by + O Be going to S + am/ is/ are going to + V + O S + am/ is/ are going to + be PP + by + O Model verbs S + model verb + V + O S + model verb + be + PP + by +O ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
5. 4 4.1 The Simple Present (The present Simple)- Diễn giải chi tiết: Thể Câu chủ động (Active) Câu bị động (Passive) Khẳng định S + V + O S + BE (AM/ IS/ ARE)+ PP + BY O Ex: Mary cleans the floor. → The floor is cleaned by Mary. Phủ định - S (she/ he/ it/ singular subject)+ DOES NOT - S + BE (AM/ IS/ ARE) NOT+ PP + BY O (DOESN’T + VO + O Ex 1: Mary doesn’t clean the floor. → The floor isn’t cleaned by Mary. - S (I/ you/ we/ they/ plural subject)+ DO NOT (DON’T + V0 + O Ex 2: They don’t clean the floor everyday → The floor isn’t cleaned everyday. Yes- No questtions - DOES + S (she/ he/ it/ singular subject) + Vo + O? BE (AM/ IS/ ARE) + S + PP + BY O? Ex 1: Does Mary clean the floor everyday? → Is the floor cleaned by Mary everyday? - DO + S (I/ you/ we/ they/ plural subject) + Vo + O? Ex 2: Do they clean the floor everyday? → Is the floor cleaned everyday? WH- questions - WH- DOES (she/ he/ it/ singular subject) + V + O? WH- BE (AM/ IS/ ARE) + S + PP + BY O? Ex 1: How often does Mary clean the floor? → How often is the floor cleaned by Mary? - WH- DO (I/ you/ we/ they/ plural subject) + V + O? Ex 2: What time do they clean the floor everyday? → What time is the floor cleaned everyday? Who vừa là TỪ ĐỂ WHO + V + O? WHO + BE (AM/ IS/ ARE) + S + PP + BY? HỎI vừa là SUBJECT Ex: Who cleans the floor → Who is the floor clean by? ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
6. 5 4.2 The Present Continuous (Present Progressive) Tense- Diễn giải chi tiết: Thể Câu chủ động (Active) Câu bị động (Passive) Khẳng định S + BE {AM/ IS/ ARE) + VING + O S + BE (AM/ IS/ ARE)+ BEING+ PP + BY O Ex: Mary is cleaning the floor. → The floor is being cleaned by Mary. Phủ định S + BE {AM/ IS/ ARE) + NOT + VING + O S + BE (AM/ IS/ ARE) NOT+ BEING + PP + BY O Ex: Mary isn’t cleaning the floor. → The floor isn’t being cleaned by Mary. Yes- No questtions BE (AM/ IS/ ARE) + S + VING + O? BE (AM/ IS/ ARE) + S + + BEING + PP + BY O? Ex: Is Mary cleaning the floor? → Is the floor being cleaned by Mary? WH- questions WH- + BE (AM/ IS/ ARE) + S + VING + O? WH- BE (AM/ IS/ ARE) + S + BEING + PP + BY O? Ex: Why is Mary cleaning the floor? → Why is the floor being cleaned by Mary? WHO vừa là TỪ ĐỂ WHO + BE (AM/ IS/ ARE) + V + O? WHO + BE (AM/ IS/ ARE) + S + BEING + PP ING HỎI vừa là SUBJECT + BY? Ex: Who is cleaning the floor → Who is the floor being cleaned by? ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
7. 6 4.3 The Present Perfect- Diễn giải chi tiết: Thể Câu chủ động (Active) Câu bị động (Passive) Khẳng định - S + HAS (she/ he/ it/ singular subject) + PP + O - S + HAS (HAVE) + BEEN + PP + BY O Ex: Mary has cleaned the floor. → The floor has been cleaned by Mary. - S + HAVE (I/ you/ we/ they/ plural subject) + PP + O Ex: They have cleaned the floors. → The floors have been cleaned. Phủ định - S + HAS NOT (she/ he/ it/ singular subject) + PP + O - S + HAS (HAVE) NOT + BEEN + PP + BY O Ex: Mary hasn’t cleaned the floor. → The floor hasn’t been cleaned by Mary. - S + HAVE NOT (I/ you/ we/ they/ plural subject) + PP + O Ex: They haven’t cleaned the floors. → The floors haven’t been cleaned. Yes- No - HAS + S (she/ he/ it/ singular subject) + PP + O? HAS (HAVE) + S + BEEN+ PP + BY O? questions Ex 1: Has Mary cleaned the floor? → Has the floor been cleaned by Mary? - HAVE + S (I/ you/ we/ they/ plural subject) + PP + O? Ex 2: Have they cleaned the floors? → Have the floors been cleaned? WH- - WH- + HAS + S (she/ he/ it/ singular subject) + PP + O? WH- HAS (HAVE) + S + + BEEN + PP + BY O? questions Ex 1: Why has Mary cleaned the floor? → Why has the floor been cleaned by Mary? - WH- + HAVE + S (I/ you/ we/ they/ plural subject) + PP + O? Ex 2: Why have they cleaned the floors? → Why have the floors been cleaned? Who vừa là - WHO + HAS (she/ he/ it/ singular subject) + PP + O? WHO + HAS (HAVE) + S + BEEN + PP + BY? TỪ ĐỂ HỎI Ex: Who has cleaned the floor → Who has the floor been cleaned by? vừa là - WHO + HAVE (I/ you/ we/ they/ plural subject) + PP + O? SUBJECT Ex: Who has cleaned the floors→ Who have the floors been cleaned by? ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
8. 7 4.4 The Simple Past Tense- Diễn giải chi tiết: Thể Câu chủ động (Active) Câu bị động (Passive) Khẳng định - S + VED (V2) + O - S + BE (WAS/ WERE) + VED (V2) + BY O Ex: Mary cleaned the floor yesterday. → The floor was cleaned yesterday by Mary. Ex: They cleaned the floors. → The floors were cleaned yesterday. Phủ định - S + DID NOT (DIDN’T) + VO + O - S + HAS (HAVE) NOT + BEEN + PP + BY O Ex: - Mary didn’t clean the floor yesterday. → The floor wasn’t cleaned yesterday by Mary. - They didn’t clean the floors. → The floors weren’t cleaned yesterday. Yes- No DID + S + VO + O? WAS (WERE) + S + PP + BY O? questions Ex: - Did Mary clean the floor? → Was the floor cleaned by Mary? - Did Mary clean the floors? → Were the floors cleaned by Mary? WH- - WH- + DID + S + VO + O? WH- WAS (WERE) + S + PP + BY O? questions Ex: - Why did Mary clean the floor? → Why was the floor cleaned by Mary? - Why did Mary clean the floors? → Why were the floors cleaned by Mary? Who vừa là - WHO + VED (VO) + O? WHO + WAS (WERE) + S + PP + BY? TỪ ĐỂ HỎI Ex: - Who cleaned the floor → Who was the floor cleaned by? vừa là - Who cleaned the floors→ SUBJECT Who were the floors cleaned by? ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
9. 8 4.5 Modals- Diễn giải chi tiết: Thể Câu chủ động (Active) Câu bị động (Passive) Khẳng định S + MODAL (can/ will/ may/ might/ should/ would/ ought to/ S + MODAL (can/ will/ may/ might/ should/ has to/ have to ) + V O + O. would/ ought to/ has to/ have to ) + BE + PP + BY O Ex: Mary can clean the floor. → The floor can be cleaned by Mary. Phủ định S + MODAL (can/ will/ may/ might/ should/ would/ ought to/ S + MODAL (can/ will/ may/ might/ should/ has to/ have to ) NOT + VO + O would/ ought to/ has to/ have to ) + NOT + BE + PP + BY O Ex: Mary can’t clean the floor. → The floor can’t be cleaned by Mary. Yes- No MODAL (can/ will/ may/ might/ should/ would/ ought to/ has MODAL (can/ will/ may/ might/ should/ would/ questions to/ have to ) + S + VO + O? ought to/ has to/ have to ) + S + BE + PP + BY O? Ex: Can Mary clean the floor? → Can the floor be cleaned by Mary? WH- - WH- + MODAL (can/ will/ may/ might/ should/ would/ ought WH- + MODAL (can/ will/ may/ might/ should/ questions to/ has to/ have to ) + S + VO + O? would/ ought to/ has to/ have to ) + S + BE + PP + BY O? Ex: When can Mary clean the floor? → When can the floor be cleaned by Mary? Who vừa là WHO + MODAL (can/ will/ may/ might/ should/ would/ ought WHO- + MODAL (can/ will/ may/ might/ should/ TỪ ĐỂ HỎI to/ has to/ have to ) + VO + O? would/ ought to/ has to/ have to ) + S + BE + PP vừa là + BY? SUBJECT Ex: Who will clean the floor? → Who will the floor be cleaned by? ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
10. 9 4.6 Past Continuous (Past Progressive) Tense- Diễn giải chi tiết: Thể Câu chủ động (Active) Câu bị động (Passive) Khẳng định - S + WAS (I/ she/ he/ it/ singular subject) + V ING + O. S + WAS (WERE) + BEING + PP + BY O. Ex: Mary was cleaning the floor. → The floor was being cleaned by Mary. - S + WERE (we/ you/ they/ plural subject) + V ING + O. Ex: They were cleaning the floors. → The floors were being cleaned. Phủ định - S + WAS (I/ she/ he/ it/ singular subject) NOT + V ING + O. S + WAS (WERE) NOT + BEING + PP + BY Ex: Mary wasn’t cleaning the floor. → O. - S + WERE (we/ you/ they/ plural subject) NOT + V ING + O. The floor wasn’t being cleaned by Mary. Ex: They weren’t cleaning the floors. → The floors weren’t being cleaned. Yes- No - WAS + S (I/ she/ he/ it/ singular subject) + V ING + O? WAS (WERE) + S + BEING + PP + BY O? questions Ex: Was Mary cleaning the floor. → Was the floor being cleaned by Mary? - WERE + S (we/ you/ they/ plural subject) + V ING + O? Ex: Were you cleaning the floors? → Were the floors being cleaned? WH- - WH- + WAS + S (I/ she/ he/ it/ singular subject) + V ING + O? WH- + WAS (WERE) + S + BEING + PP + BY questions Ex: How was Mary cleaning the floor. → O? - WH- + WERE + S (we/ you/ they/ plural subject) + V ING + How was the floor being cleaned by Mary? O? Ex: How were you cleaning the floors? → How were the floors being cleaned? Who vừa là - WHO + WAS + V ING + O? WHO + WAS (WERE) + S + BEING + PP + TỪ ĐỂ HỎI BY? vừa là Ex: Who was cleaning the floor? → Who was the floor being cleaned by? SUBJECT ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
11. 10 4.7 Past Perfect Tense- Diễn giải chi tiết: Thể Câu chủ động (Active) Câu bị động (Passive) Khẳng định S + HAD + P.P + O S + HAD + BEEN + PP + BY O. Ex: Mary had cleaned the floor. → The floor had been cleaned by Mary. Phủ định S + HAD NOT (HADN’T) + P.P + O S + HAD NOT (DADN’T) + BEEN + PP + BY O. Ex: Mary hadn’t cleaned the floor. → The floor hadn’t been cleaned by Mary. Yes- No questions HAD + S + PP + O? HAD + S + BEEN + PP + BY O? Ex: Had Mary cleaned the floor? → Had the floor been cleaned by Mary? WH- questions WH- + HAD + S + PP + O? WH - + HAD + S + BEEN + PP + BY O? Ex: When had Mary cleaned the floor? → When had the floor been cleaned by Mary? Who vừa là TỪ ĐỂ WHO + HAD + PP + O? WHO + HAD + S + BEEN + PP + BY? HỎI vừa là SUBJECT Ex: Who had cleaned the floor? → Who had the floor been cleaned by? ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
12. 11 4.8 Simple Future (Future Simple) Tense - Diễn giải chi tiết: Thể Câu chủ động (Active) Câu bị động (Passive) Khẳng định S + WILL + Vo + O S + WILL + BE + PP + BY O. Ex: Mary will clean the floor. → The floor will be cleaned by Mary. Phủ định S + WILL NOT (WON’T) + Vo + O S + WILL NOT (WON’T) + BE + PP + BY O. Ex: Mary won’t clean the floor. → The floor won’t be cleaned by Mary. Yes- No questions WILL + S + Vo + O? WILL + S + BE + PP + BY O? Ex: Will Mary clean the floor. → Will the floor be cleaned by Mary? WH- questions WH- + WILL + S + Vo + O? WH- + WILL + S + BE + PP + BY O? Ex: When will Mary clean the floor. → When will the floor be cleaned by Mary? Who vừa là TỪ ĐỂ WHO + WILL + Vo + O? WHO + WILL + S + BE + PP + BY? HỎI vừa là SUBJECT Ex: Who will clean the floor. → Who will the floor be cleaned by? ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
13. 12 4.9 Future Perfect Tense - Diễn giải chi tiết: Thể Câu chủ động (Active) Câu bị động (Passive) Khẳng định S + WILL + HAVE + P.P + O S + WILL + HAVE + BEEN + PP + BY O. Ex: Mary will have cleaned the floor. → The floor will have been cleaned by Mary. Phủ định S + WILL NOT (WON’T) + HAVE + P.P + O S + WILL NOT (WON’T) + HAVE + BEEN + PP + BY O. Ex: Mary will not have cleaned the floor. → The floor will not have been cleaned by Mary. Yes- No questions WILL + S+ HAVE + P.P + O? WILL + S + HAVE + BEEN + PP + BY O? Ex: Will Mary have cleaned the floor? → Will the floor have been cleaned by Mary? WH- questions WH- + WILL + S+ HAVE + P.P + O? WH- + WILL + S + HAVE + BEEN + PP + BY O? Ex: When will Mary have cleaned the When will the floor have been cleaned by Mary? floor? → Who vừa là TỪ ĐỂ WHO+ WILL+ HAVE + P.P + O? WHO + WILL + S + HAVE + BEEN + PP + BY? HỎI vừa là SUBJECT Ex: Who will have cleaned the floor? → Who will the floor have been cleaned by? ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
14. 13 4.10 BE GOING TO + VO - Diễn giải chi tiết: Thể Câu chủ động (Active) Câu bị động (Passive) Khẳng định S + BE (AM/ IS/ ARE) GOING TO + V- S + BE (AM/ IS/ ARE) GOING TO + BE+ PP+ BY O. infinitive + O Ex: Mary is going to clean the floor. → The floor is going to be cleaned by Mary. Phủ định S + BE (AM/ IS/ ARE) NOT+ GOING TO + V- S + BE (AM/ IS/ ARE) NOT + GOING TO + BE+ PP+ infinitive + O BY O. Ex: Mary isn’t going to clean the floor. → The floor isn’t going to be cleaned by Mary. Yes- No questions BE (AM/ IS/ ARE) + S + GOING TO + V- BE (AM/ IS/ ARE) + S + GOING TO + BE+ PP+ BY infinitive + O? O? Ex: Is Mary going to clean the floor? → Is the floor going to be cleaned by Mary? WH- questions WH- + BE (AM/ IS/ ARE) + S + GOING TO + WH- + BE (AM/ IS/ ARE) + S + GOING TO + BE+ PP+ V-infinitive + O? BY O? Ex: When is Mary going to clean the floor? When is the floor going to be cleaned by Mary? → Who vừa là TỪ ĐỂ WHO + BE (AM/ IS/ ARE) + GOING TO + V- WHO + BE (AM/ IS/ ARE) + GOING TO + BE+ PP+ HỎI vừa là SUBJECT infinitive + O? BY O? Ex: Who is going to clean the floor? → Who is the floor going to be cleaned by? ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
15. 14 – Đối với câu chủ động có 2 tân ngữ (trong đó thường có 1 tân ngữ chỉ người và 1 tân ngữ chỉ vật) đ với các động từ như give, show, tell, ask, teach, send muốn nhấn mạnh vào tân ngữ nào người ta đưa tân ngữ đó lên làm chủ ngữ của câu bị động. Do đó, ta có thể viết được 2 câu bị động bằng cách lần lượt lấy O1 và O2 của câu chủ động ban đầu làm chủ ngữ để mở đầu các câu bị động. Ex: I gave him a book. → He was given a book (by me) Or A book was given to him (by me). – Chúng ta không thể tách giới từ khỏi V mà nó đi cùng. Ta đặt giới từ đó ngay sau V trong câu bị động. Ex 1: Someone broke into our house . → Our house was broken into. Ex 2: The boys usually picks her up. → She is usually picked up by the boys. ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
16. 15 7.1. Chuyển câu chủ động có sử dụng to- V thành bị động: S + V + sb + to-V + O * Mẫu A: S + V + to be + PP + (by Sb) * Mẫu B: S + V + O + to be + PP + (by Sb) * Mẫu C: Sb + be + PP + to-V + O * Cách 1: Nếu tân ngữ sau to-V trong câu chủ động cũng chính là chủ ngữ trong câu bị động ta dùng mẫu A Ex: I want you to teach me → I want to be taught by you. * Cách 2: Nếu tân ngữ sau to-V trong câu chủ động khác với chủ ngữ trong câu bị động ta dùng mẫu B: Ex: I want him to repair my car → I want my car to be repaired by him * Cách 3: Có thể dùng Sb trong câu chủ động làm Chủ ngữ của câu bị động ta dùng mẫu C Ex 1: People don't expect the police to find out the stolen car. → The police aren't expected to find out the stolen car. Ex 2: She remember people taking her to the zoo. → She remember being taken to the zoo. ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
17. 16 7.2. S + V1 + V-ing + O + → S + V + (that) + O + should be + P.P + Ex: She suggests drinking beer at the party. → She suggests that beer should be drunk at the party. 7.3. S + V1 + Sb + V-ing + O → S + V + being + P.P + * Trong mẫu câu 7.2 và 7.3, V1 là những đòi hỏi được theo sau bởi V-ing 7.4. Chuyển câu chủ động dùng Bare-Infinitive (Động từ nguyên thể không có To) sau các V chỉ giác quan thành câu bị động: S + see/ hear/ watch/ look/catch + Sb + V + O . → Sb + be + seen/ heard/ watched/ looked/ caught + to-V + O . * Cách chuyển: Đổi V thành to-V khi chuyển sang bị động Ex: I sometimes see him go out. → He is sometimes seen to go out. 7.5. Chuyển câu chủ động có V-ing sau các V chỉ giác quan sang bị động: S + see/ hear/ watch/ look/ catch + Sb + V-ing + O . → Sb + be + seen/ heard/ watched/ looked/ caught/ + V-ing + O * Cách chuyển: Khi chuyển sang bị động, V-ing vẫn giữ nguyên là V-ing Ex 1: I see him bathing her dog now. → He is seen bathing her dog now. Ex 2: We heard her singing loudly . → She was heard singing loudly. ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
18. 17 7.6. Chuyển câu mệnh lệnh chủ động và bị động: Dùng LET: + Khẳng định: V + O Let + O + be + P.P + Phủ định: Don't + V + O Don’t let + O + be + P.P Ex 1: Do the exercise! → Let the exercise be done! Ex 2: Don't leave him alone! → Don't let him be left alone! * Câu mệnh lệnh chủ động cũng có thể chuyển thành bị động với SHOULD trong một số tình huống: Ex 1: Don’t use the car in case it breaks down. → The car shouldn’t be used in case it break down. 7.7. Don’t let + Sb + V + you → Don’t let + yourself + be + P.P Ex: Don't let the others see you. -> Don't let yourself be seen. 7.8. It + be + adj + to-V + O → It + be + adj + for O + to be + P.P2 Ex: It's very difficult to study English. -> It's very difficult for English to be studied. ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
19. 18 7.9. It + be + my/ your/ her/ his/ our/ their + duty + to-V + (O) → I/ You/ She/ He/ We/ They + be + supposed + to-V + (O) Ex: It's their duty to do this job. → They are supposed to do this job. 7.10. Bị động với have/ get: * S + have + Sb + V + O → S + have + O + PP + (by+ Sb) Ex: I had him repair my bike. → I had my bike repaired by him. * S + get + Sb + to-V + O → S + get + O + to be + PP (by + Sb) Ex: We get him to look after our house when we are on business. ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
20. 19 Exercise 1: Complete the passage using the past participle of the verbs in the box: ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
21. 20 Exercise 2: Using the verbs in brackets, write sentences in the present simple passive: ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
22. 21 Exercise 3: Complete the sentences with the words from the box. ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
23. 22 Exercise 4: Put the parts of the passage below in the correct order. Then circle the examples of the past simple passive in the text: ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
24. 23 Exercise 5: Write the past participle of the following verbs: ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
25. 24 Exercise 6: Complete the sentences with the past participles from Exercise 5: ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
26. 25 Exercise 7: Change the sentences from the present simple active into the present simple passive: ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
27. 26 Exercise 8: Change the sentences from the past simple passive into the past simple active: ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
28. 27 Exercise 9: Rewrite the sentences in the passive. ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
29. 28 Exercise 10: Complete the magazine article with the passive form of the verbs below: ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
30. 29 Exercise 11: Change the sentences into the passive voice: ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
31. 30 Exercise 12: Rewrite the sentences in the passive voice: 1. We usually lock the safe carefully. → The safe ___ 2. We keep the safe in the bedroom on the second floor. → The safe ___ 3. Yesterday the thieves stole everything in it. → Yesterday everything in it ___ 4. We told the police about it. → The police ___ 5. The police checked everything in the house. → Everything in the house ___ 6. The police questioned everybody in the house. → Everybody ___ 7. The police surrounded the house. → The house ___ 8. The police did not think that they caught the thieves. → The police did not think that the thieves ___ ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
32. 31 9. We will use less electricity in the future. → Less electricity ___ 10. The students in my school will use public transport when travelling long distances. → Public transport ___ 11. I will turn off the lights when leaving a room or going to bed. → The lights ___ ___ 12. Wind power will offer a great deal of energy next century. → A great deal of energy,___ 13. We will use sources of energy more effectively for our future. → Sources of energy___ 14. People in the countryside will increase the use of biogas for cooking. → The use of biogas___ ___ 15. They will build a hydro power station in the North of the country next decade. → A hydro power station___ 16. We will solve the problem of energy shortage by using solar energy. → The problem of energy shortage___ ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
33. 32 Exercise 13: Read the surprising facts about your body and complete the following sentences using the passive: ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
34. 33 ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
35. 34 Exercise 14: Rewrite the following sentences, using the passive voice: ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
36. 35 Exercise 15: Choose the correct passive forms a-f to complete the sentences 1-6: ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
37. 36 Exercise 16: Rewrite the following sentences, using the passive voice: 1. Each student must write an essay on gender equality. → 2. They can open this exit door in case of emergency. → 3. They should give men and women equal pay for equal work. → 4. They might give my mother an award. → 5. The Vietnamese government will make more progress in gender equality. → 6. People may consider obesity a serious health problem. → ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
38. 37 Exercise 17: Rewrite the following sentences using the passive voice: ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
39. 38 Exercise 18: Complete the incomplete sentence so that it means the same as the one above it. Use the passive voice: 1. They might give her an opportunity to go abroad to study. → She might be given an opportunity to go abroad to study. 2. We must eliminate gender discrimination. → Gender discrimination ___ by us. 3. They will sue the company for wage discrimination. → The company ___ for wage discrimination. 4. Governments should offer poor women more help. → Poor women ___ more help by governments. 5. We can encourage married women to pursue a career of their preference. → Married women ___ to pursue a career of their preference. 6. They must not allow any kind of violence at school. → Any kind of violence ___ at school. ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
40. 39 Exercise 19: Read a guide on how to recycle glass. Look at the instructions, rewrite them in the passive form and put the pictures in the correct order: a) Break the glass into small pieces. → b) Then wash the glass with a detergent liquid. → c) Dry the glass pieces completely. → d) Mix them with certain specific chemicals. → e) Melt the mixture until it becomes a liquid. → f) Use a long pipe, dip it into the liquid, then blow the liquid into intended shapes. → The pictures order: ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
41. 40 Exercise 20: Complete the conversation. Use the verbs in the box: break (2) jumble scatter pull Hanh: Mom! Something has happened to our kitchen. Mrs. Thanh: What’s wrong? Hanh: Mom! Look. The cupboard is open and everything has been (1) ___ . Mrs. Thanh: Oh, no. The jar I like has been (2)___ . Hanh: Many bowls and dishes have been (3) ___ , too. And look at this, Mom. The dried mushrooms have been (4) ___ all over the floor. Mrs. Thanh: And where is the pan of fish I left on the stove? Hanh: Here it is. It has been (5) ___ into the sink. The fish has gone. Mrs. Thanh: Who has done all this? Hanh: Mom, it must have been the cat! ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
42. 41 Exercise 21: Change the sentences from the active into the passive: Example: Miss Lien wrote the letter. → The letter was written by Miss Lien. a) Mrs. Quyen typed the document. → b) Mr. Nhan repaired the computer. → c) Ba drew the picture. → d) Hoa turned off the lights. → e) Lan baked the cake. → ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
43. 42 Exercise 22: Active or Passive? Use the correct form of the verbs in brackets to complete these sentences: a) The grand prize ___ to the Hoa Vinh Village team. (award) b) Viet Nam ___ two gold medals on the first day of the Games. (win) c) Last year Mrs. Jackson ___ a small business around the corner. (run) d) The factory ___ by Quang Vinh Ltd. before it ___ to a foreign firm. (run/ sell) e) Thanh Ha School ___ for two days last week due to a flood, (close) Exercise 21: Put a question for each of the underlined phrases in the sentences below: Example: The facsimile was invented by Alexander Bain in 1843. → When was the facsimile invented? a) The zipper was invented bv W.L. Judson in 1893. → b) Maize was brought into Viet Nam by Phung Khac Khoan in the 16th century. → c) The fountain pen was invented by Lewis Waterman in 1884. → d) The ballpoint pen was invented in Hungary by brothers Lazio and Georg Biro in 1935. → e) Xerography is widely used in commerce and industry in copying machines. → ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
44. 43 Exercise 23: Read the first sentence and then complete the second sentence with the same meaning. Use the passive form: Example: They sell jeans all over the world. → Jeans are sold all over the world. a) They made jeans cloth from cotton in the 18th century. → Jean cloth b) They grow rice in tropical countries. → Rice c) They will produce five million bottles of champagne in France next year. → Five million bottles of champagne d) They have just introduced a new style of jeans in the USA. → A new style of jeans e) They have built two department stores this year. → Two departments stores ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
45. 44 Exercise 24: Change the sentences from the active into the passive. Example: You must do this exercise carefully. → This exercise must be done carefully. a) We can solve the problem. → b) People should stop experiments on animals. → c) We might find life on another planet. → d) We have to improve all the schools in the city. → e) They are going to build a new bridge in the area. → ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
46. 45 Exercise 25: Build sentences after the model with the present perfect passive Example: new bridge / build / across the river. → A new bridge has been built across the river. 1. a new hospital for children / build / in our city → 2. another man-made satellite / send up / into space. → 3. more and more trees / cut down / for wood / by farmers. → 4. thousands of animals / kill / in the forest fire. → 5. about one hundred buildings and houses / destroy / in the earthquake. → 6. more than 50 films / show / in Hanoi / since June. → 7. their hands / wash and dry / on a towel. → 8. another book / read / by the students. → 9. some ink / spill / on the carpet. → 10. she / show / how to do it. → ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
47. 46 GRAMMAR TIPS 1: Cấu trúc: It is said that được dùng để tường thuật hay đưa tin tức. Ta có thể dùng cấu trúc tương tự với một số động từ như: thought (nghĩ); believed (tin rằng); considered (xem xét, cho là); reported (báo cáo); known (biết); expected (mong chờ); alleged (buộc tội); understood (hiểu). Ex: - Cathy works Very hard. [Cathy làm việc rất chăm chỉ.] → It is said that she works 16 hours a day. [Người ta nói rằng cô ấy làm việc 16 giờ một ngày.] - The police are lookins for a missing boy. [Cảnh sát đang tìm kiếm đứa bé mất tích.] → It is believed that the boy is wearing a white pullover and blue jeans. [Ngươi ta tin là đứa bé mặc một cái áo thun trắng và quần bò xanh] ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
48. 47 Exercise 23: Rewrite each of the following sentences in such a way that it means almost the same as the sentence printed before it. Example: It is said that the Great Pyramid of Giza was built over a 20-year period. → The Great Pyramid of Giza is said to have been built over a 20-year period. 1. It is said that many people are homeless after the floods. → 2. It is thought that the prisoner escaped by climbing over the wall. → 3. It is believed that he drove through the town at 90km an hour. → 4. It is reported that two people were seriously injured in the accident. → 5. It is said that three men were arrested after the explosion. → 6. It is expected that the strike will begin tomorrow. → 7. It is said that he speaks English very well. → ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
49. 48 GRAMMAR TIPS 2: Danh động từ bị dộng (Gerunds in passive). • Mẫu 1: Ex: They suggested changing obsolete textbooks. [Họ đề nghị thay những sách giáo khoa lỗi thời.] → They suggested that obsolete textbooks should be changed. Trong trường hợp này, cụm danh động từ được thay bằng mệnh đề danh từ với SHOULD. • Mẫu 2: Ở cấu trúc này, S và O2 chỉ cùng một người. Ex: He enjoys people giving him presents. [ông ấy thích người ta cho ông quà.] → He enjoys being given presents. Ex: He was angry for not being told the news. [Anh ấy giận vì không được báo tin.] ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
50. 49 Exercise 24: Fill in each blank with the simple present passive form of the verb in brackets. 1. The academic year in England into three terms. (divide) 2. Each term by a one-week break. (separate) 3. The national curriculum by the government and in all state schools. (set, must follow) 4. The national curriculum of more than ten subjects. (make up) 5. The state school system for by the state. (pay) 6. The advanced students to take part in the annual International Olympic Competition. (select). ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
51. 50 Exercise 25: Rewrite the following sentences, using the passive voice. 1. They built this school in 1997. → 2. They first published this dictionary in 1870. → 3. The students in my class are going to organize a surprise party tomorrow evening. → 4. They are painting the kitchen now. → 5. Shakespeare wrote “Romeo and Juliet" in 1605. → 6. They have translated Shakespeare’s tragedies into many languages. → 7. They have just built a new primary school in my village. → 8. They will speak English at the conference. → 9. Jane hasn’t cleaned the floor yet. → 10. They will repaint the house soon. → ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
52. 51 Exercise 26: Fill in the spaces of the following passage with the correct tense in passive voice of the verbs in brackets. The world’s first electronic computer (1. build) by the University of Pennsylvania in 1946. However, computers (2. sell) commercially for the first time in the 1950s. Much progress on computers (3. make) since 1950. Computers are now much smaller and more powerful and they (4. can buy) much more cheaply. Computers (5. use) in many fields - in business, science, medicine, and education, for example. They (6. can use) to forecast the weather or to control robots which make cars. The computer’s memory is the place where information (7.store) and calculations (8. do). A Computer cannot think for itself – it (9. must tell) exactly what to do. A lot of difficult calculations (10. can do) very quickly on computers. ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
53. 52 Exercise 27: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it is similar in meaning to the original sentence. 1. Someone has cleaned the windows. → 2. They are going to build a supermarket in this area. → 3. They say Lan won a special prize. → ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
54. 53 GRAMMAR TIPS 3: Revision: Modals in passive 1. Ex: People should protect the living environment. [Người ta nên bảo vệ môi trường sống.] → The living environment should be protected. 2. Ex: They are going to ban the burning of forests. [Họ sẽ cấm việc đốt rừng.] → The burning of forests is going to be harmed. 3. Ex: - They used to use oil lamps. [Họ đã từng dùng đèn dầu.] → Oil lamps used to be used. - People are certain to question the delegates at the meeting. [Dân chúng chắc chắn chất vấn đại biêu quốc hội] → The delegates are certain to be questioned at the meeting. ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
55. 54 Exercise 28: Rewrite the sentences in the passive. 1. You mustn't use this machine after 5.30 p.m. → 2. You must clean this machine every time you use it. → 3. You should keep the flower in a warm sunny place. → 4. You should pay your bill before you leave the hotel. → 5. You should give us the information now. → 6. You can buy toothpaste at the drug store. → 7. We should warn the children not to speak to strangers. → 8. Nobody can solve the mystery. → 9. You can exchange travellers' cheques at most banks. → 10. You shouldn't tell her the news. It might kill her. → ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
56. 55 Exercise 29: Exercise 2: Complete the conversation with the suitable passive form of the verbs in brackets. Naomi: Dr. Kay. I’d like to ask how meals (1. will/ prepare) in the Space Station food (2. be going to/ cook) on board or taken in the form of tablets? Dr. Kay: Neither. Gourmet meals (3. will/ pre-package) on Earth then they (4. can/ warm up) on board. Naomi: But the tourists will be from different parts of the world. How food (5. should/ choose) to suit everyone’s taste? Dr. Kay: An international menu (6. have to/ offer) Food (7. could/ select) from food preference forms that tourists completed before the trip. And meals (8. ought to/ make) as pleasant as possible. ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
57. 56 Exercise 30: Which of the following verbs can have an object (transitive verb), and which cannot (intransilive verb)? sleep (ngủ) read (đọc) write (viết) lie (nằm) meet (gặp gỡ) occur (xảy ra) grow (lớn) help (giúp đỡ) arrive (đến) rain (mưa) exist (tồn tại) climb (leo trèo) Transitive verbs (ngoại động từ) Intransilive verbs (nội động từ) ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
58. 57 Exercise 31: Which verbs in the following sentences are T (transitive) and which are I (intransitive). Tick [] the right column. N0 T I 1. A serious accident happened yesterday. 2. The customer bought a lot of butter. 1 3. Our team won the game. 2 4. Their team won yesterday. 5. Alice arrived at six o’clock. 3 6. They are staying at a resort hotel in San Antonio, Texas. 4 7. The wind is blowing hard today. 8. I walked to the station with my friends. 5 6 7 8 ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
59. 58 Exercise 32: Choose the sentences that have objects and then change them to the passive voice. 1. An will pay the bill. → 2. Sue will come tomorrow. → 3. The hotel supplies towels. → 4. Accidents happen every day. → 5. Everyone noticed my mistakes. → 6. The train arrived at three. → 7. The news didn't surprise me. → 8. Birds fly in the sky. → 9. An old man told the story. → 10. Sue laughed loudly. → ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
60. 59 Exercise 33: Put the words in brackets into passive sentences: Example: a) (cloth bags/ use/ instead of plastic bags.) → Cloth bags are used instead, of plastic bags. b) (milk/ contain/ paper boxes nowadays.) → c) (that beautiful toy/ make/ from recycled paper.) → d) (dried sugar canes/ reuse/ to produce paper.) → e) (leftover cloths/ weave together/ to make blankets.) → f) (vegetable matter/ decompose/ and becomes fertilizers for the fields.) → g) (the market/ sweep every day/ to keep a clean environment for the neighborhood.) → ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
61. 60 Exercise 34: Rewrite the sentences. Use the verbs in the present passive form: a) People wash the used plastic bottles with water. d) People heat the mixture into pasty liquid. → The used plastic bottles are washed with water. → e) People blow the liquid into new bottles. → b) People cut the bottles into small pieces. → f) People also use the recycled plastic to make toys c) People mix the small pieces with certain and utensils. chemicals. → → g) People recycle used plastic things to save natural resources. → ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
62. 61 Exercise 35: Rewrite the sentences, putting the verbs in the passive form with will be + past participle: a) The old car tires are recycled to make pipes and floor coverings. → The old car tires will be recycled to make pipes and floor coverings. b) Shoes and sandals are made from recycled old car tires. → c) Empty milk bottles are collected by the milkmen in Britain. → d) Used glass is collected and sent to factories. → e) People will break the glass bottles into small pieces. → The glass bottles will be broken into small pieces. f) They will melt the small glass pieces under great heat → g) Someone will blow the melted glass into bottles, vase, and other glassware. → h) People will sell new glassware in shops, markets and supermarkets. → ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
63. 62 Exercise 36: Change the sentences below into passive voice: a) They separated the rice from the husk. → b) The boys made a fire by their camp. → c) They built this house more than one hundred years ago. → d) Every year Viet Nam exports millions of tons of rice. → e) Vietnamese people celebrate their Lunar New Year around January or February. → f) After Tet holiday Vietnamese people usually plant trees in their neighborhood. → g) How many festivals do you celebrate in your community? → h) How many motorbikes does Viet Nam import a year? → i) The publisher published his book in 1996. → j) They repaired our desk during the weekend. → ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
64. 63 Exercise 37: Study the table below, use the given verbs to write true sentences in passive voice: What? By whom? When? Verb a) Aspirin Dresser 1889 (discover) b) Channel Tunnel English from 1987 to 1994 (construct) linking England and and French companies France c) Color television Peter Carl Goldmark 1950 (invent) d) Eiffel Tower Alexander Gustave Eiffel 1889 (design) e) Electronic computers Atanasoff and Berry 1942 (invent) f) Laser Gordon Gould 1958 (discover) g) Sydney Opera Jom Utzon 1973 (complete) House h) The famous ancient Pharos of Alexandria the 14th century (destroy) Egyptian lighthouse ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
65. 64 a) → Aspirin was discovered by Dresser in 1889. b) → c) → d) → e) → f) → g) → h) → ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
66. 65 Exercise 38: Change the active sentences into the passive and the passive into active to tell how to make books. a) How people make books. → How books are made. b) Firstly, the printers print big sheets of paper. → c) The text of a number of pages is contained in each sheet. → d) People fold and cut the sheets to produce sections of the book. → d) We call these sections signatures. → e) The printers put all the signatures together in the correct order. → f) Then they bind the signatures together and trim the edges. → g) Finally, they attach the cover which they have printed separately. → h) Now the publishers can publish the book. → ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
67. 66 Exercise 39: Active or passive? Write A in the brackets if the sentence is in the active voice and P if it is in the passive voice. a) My sister was given mark 10 for her mid-term history test. (___) b) He won the first prize in the English Speaking contest last month. (___) c) The man was beaten black and blue. (___) d) She fell off her bike and hurt her leg terribly. (___) e) The burglar was caught red-handed. (___) f) The best student of each class received a gift from the principal. (___) g) He was sick for a week. (___) h) My father had a terrible toothache when he was a boy. (___) ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
68. 67 Exercise 40: Write the correct form of the verbs in brackets in each of the following sentences. a) Blaise Pascal ___ the adding machine in 1642. (invent) b) The zipper ___ by w. L. Judson in 1893. (invent) c) Who ___ the DNA? (discover) d) When ___ tuberculosis ___? (discover) e) Bread ___ from flour and yeast. (make) f) The sewing machine ___ by a French named B. Thimonnier in 1830. (invent) g) The Englishman Michael Faraday ___ the dynamo in 1831. (invent) h) The first piston engine was ___ in 1690 by the French physicist and inventor Denis Papin. (develop) i) The British bacteriologist Sir Alexander Fleming ___ penicillin in (discover) j) The first truly successful helicopter ___ by the German engineer Heinrich Focke. (design) ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
69. 68 Exercise 41: Make passive sentences from the words in brackets. Examples: That church looks very old. (when/ it/ build?) [Nhà thờ đó nhìn cũ quá] → When was it built? [Nó được xây dựng khi nào?] A: Is Michael Jackson famous? [Michael Jackson có nổi tiếng không?] B: Yes. [he/ like/ by everybody] → He is liked by everybody. [Có. Anh ta được yêu thích bởi mọi người] a) This is a very popular television program, (every week/ it/ watch/ by millions of people) [Đây là một chương trình tivi rất phổ biến] → Every week it ___ b) What happens to the motorbikes produced in this factory? (most of them/ export?) [Chuyện gì xảy ra với những cái xe máy được sản xuất trong nhà máy này] → ___ c) A: Was there any trouble at the fight? [Có rắc rối trong cuộc ẩu đả à?] B: Yes. (five young men/ arrest) → ___ d) A: Last night someone broke into my house. [Tối qua ai đó đã đột nhập vào nhà tôi] B: Oh dear, (anything/ take?) → ___ e) A: There is no longer military service in Britain. [Không còn có dịch vụ quân đội ở Anh nữa] B: Really? (when/ it/ abolish?) → ___ ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
70. 69 f) Where is my bicycle? It's gone, (it/ steal!) [Xe đạp của tôi ở đâu? nó vừa mới biến mất rồi] → ___ g) The next-door neighbors disappeared six months ago. (they/ not/ see/ since then) [Những người hàng xóm cạnh nhà đã biến mất 6 tháng trước] → ___ h) The room looks different, (it/ paint?) [Căn phòng nhìn khác] → ___ i) A: Did anybody call an ambulance to the scene of the accident? [Có ai gọi xe cứu thương tới hiện trường vụ tai nạn không?] B: Yes. (but nobody/ injure/ so it/ not/ need) → ___ ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
71. 70 Exercise 42: Write the sentences using the passive: 1. People should send their complaints to the main office. → Complaints ___ 2. Somebody might have stolen your car if you had left the keys in it. → Your car ___ 3. A short circuit could have caused the fire. → The fire___ 4. Somebody has robbed the bank near our house. → The bank ___ 5. Somebody told me to wait outside. → I ___ 6. Nobody has invited her to the party. → She ___ 7. Somebody has driven them to the airport. → They ___ 8. Nobody sent us any tickets. → We___ 9. Has someone decorated my bedroom? → Has my bedroom ___ 10. Did anything disturb you in the night? → Were ___ ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
72. 71 Exercise 43: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense, active or passive: a. The robbers (1. catch) ___ as they (2. leave) ___ the bank. b. Huong (3. arrive) ___ home to find feathers everywhere. Her cat (4. catch) ___ a bird. c. Our dustbins (5. empty) ___ on Thursday. d. Mr. Cuong was furious with the newsagent because his newspaper ___ (6. not deliver) e. It’s a very upsetting time for Aunt Lucy. Her budgie (7. miss) ___ for three days now. f. Why (8. you/not like) ___ going to the opera? We (9. love) ___ it. g. We drove down in a quiet country lane when suddenly we (10. overtake) ___ by a police car. ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
73. 72 Exercise 44: Rewrite the following story, using the passive in the numbered sentences. Last Tuesday Ted received a letter from the local police. (1) In the letter, the police asked him to call at the station. (2) Ted wondered why the police wanted him. So yesterday he went to the station. (3) There, a smiling policeman told him that they had found his bicycle. (4) Five days ago, someone picked up the bicycle in a small village four hundred miles away. (5) Now they are sending it to his home by train. Ted was most surprised when he heard the news. (6) He was also amused because he never expected the police to find the bicycle. (7) Somebody stole it twenty years ago, when Ted was a boy of fifteen. → Last Tuesday Ted received a letter from the local police. ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
74. 73 Exercise 45: Complete the following passage using the passive form of the verbs in brackets: Ecuador (1. situate) ___ on the equator in the northwest of South America. It (2. make) ___ up of a coastal plain in the west and a tropical rainforest in the east. These two areas (3. separate) ___ by the Andes Mountains in the center of the country. The economy (4. base) ___ on oil and agricultural products. More oil (5. produce) ___ in Ecuador than any other South American country except Venezuela. Banana, coffee, cocoa (6. grow) ___ there. Many of these products (7. export) ___ . The people are mostly of Indian origin. Several Indian languages (8. speak) ___ there, for example, Quechua. Spanish (9. speak) ___ in Ecuador, too. The currency (10. call) ___ the Sucre. ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
75. 73 GRAMMAR TIPS 4: ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
76. 73 When do we use the impersonal passive? Can you think of any rules? ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
77. 73 Exercise 46: Complete the sentences using the correct passive form of the verbs in brackets. The first one has been completed for you: 1. (know) It is known that Ha Long Bay was recognised as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1994. 2. (believe)___ the best time to visit the complex of Hue Monuments is in April. 3. (report)___ thousands of visitors come to enjoy breathtaking views of Ha Long Bay every year. 4. (claim)___ Phong Nha - Ke Bang can be compared to a huge geological museum. 5. (understand)___ Binh Dai Fortress was designed to control movement on the Perfumed River. 6. (expect)___ the government will have measures to protect and preserve our man- made wonders. ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
78. 73 Exercise 47: Here are some things we hear about Po Nagar Cham Towers. Write sentences about it using the impersonal passive: Example: 1. Po Nagar Cham Towers were built in the 8thcentury by the Cham people in central Viet Nam. → It is claimed that Po Nagar Cham Towers were built in the 8th century by the Cham people in central Viet Nam. 2. The Cham people built Po Nagar Cham temple complex to honour Yang Ino Po Nagar, mother of the kingdom. → ___ 3. The Po Nagar Cham Towers were built on the site of an earlier wooden temple, which was burned by the Javanese in A.D. 774. → ___ 4. Po Nagar Kalan is the main tower, which is one of the tallest Cham structures. → ___ 5. A sculpture of the goddess Mahishasuramardini may be found above the entrance to the main temple. → ___ 6. In the 17thcentury, the Viet people took over the temple tower, calling it Thien Y Thanh Mau Tower. → ___ ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
79. 73 Exercise 48: Choose the future active or passive complete the sentences: 1. Teenagers___in important decisions concerning their lives. A. will participate B. will be participated 2. Trees___ on both sides of the streets. A. will plant B. will be planted 3. All the information you need for the report ___tomorrow. A. will provide B. will be provided 4. When put into operation, this factory___tons of cheese a day. A. will produce B. will be produced 5. In the near future, e-books___ paper books in school. A. will replace B. will be replaced 6. The principal promises that safety measures ___ immediately___. A. Will - apply B. will - be applied ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
80. 73 Exercise 49: Rewrite the sentences without changing original meanings. Example: 1. They will also hold classes in places like restaurants or supermarkets. → Classes will also be held in places like restaurants or supermarkets. 2. The school will constantly tailor its curriculum to meet changes in society. → 3. Schools will not evaluate students' academic performance through exams only. → 4. Men will no longer make all the decisions in the family. → 5. High technology will free women from most housework. → 6. They will build more flyovers to reduce traffic in the city. → ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
81. 73 Exercise 50: Rewrite the sentences below in the impersonal form of the passive: 1. People expect that the report will suggest some major reforms. → It is expected ___ 2. They say that he invented the digital camera. → It is said ___ 3. Scientists have discovered that there is water on Mars. → It has been___ 4. We expect the professor to arrive this morning. → It is expected___ 5. Many employers consider computer skills to be more important than work experience. → It is considered___ ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
82. 73 Exercise 51: Read the passage and put the verbs in brackets into the correct passive tense: It (1. announce)___ by the police last night that three men (2. arrest)___ in relation to the robbery at a jeweler's on Hang Bai Street. It (3. report)___ that jewelry costing more than 500,000,00 (VND) (4. steal)___ from the shop last Tuesday afternoon. It (5. know)___ that at least four people involved in the dawn raid. Three armed men stormed into the jeweler's, and ordered the customer the shop owner to lie down on the floor. They filled up two big bags with valuable pieces of jewelry. It (6. say)___ that the three men then ran outside and (7. drive)___ away in a red car by a fourth man. It (8. widely rumor)___ that the three suspects (9. hold)___ in the city center police station. Members of the general public who may have information about the crime (10. ask)___ to contact the police on 0483456789. ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
83. 73 Exercise 52: Rewrite each of the following sentences in such a way that it means almost the same as the sentence printed before it. Example: It is said that the Great Pyramid of Giza was built over a 20-year period. → The Great Pyramid of Giza is said to have been built over a 20-year period. 1. It is said that many people are homeless after the floods. → 2. It is thought that the prisoner escaped by climbing over the wall. → 3. It is believed that he drove through the town at 90km an hour. → 4. It is reported that two people were seriously injured in the accident. → 5. It is said that three men were arrested after the explosion. → 6. It is expected that the strike will begin tomorrow. → 7. It is said that he speaks English very well. → 8. It is said that she won a special prize. → ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002 Xem thêm tại: c78a20011.html#ixzz6KEjnE4Ao
84. 73 Exercise 53: Rewrite each of the following sentences in such a way that it means almost the same as the sentence printed before it. Example: People say that he is 108 years old. → He is said to be 108 years old. 1. People think that he is very clever. → 2. People believe that the wanted man is living in New York. → 3. People know that he is very rich. → 4. People suppose that the film is very good. → 5. People think that many people were killed in the accident. → 6. People think that about a million puppies are born each year. → 7. People say that the factories are much worse. → 8. People say that those dogs are dangerous. → ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002
85. 73 9. People think that Jane is very rich. → 10. People say that he knows five foreign languages. → ứ ỳ ị ữ ẻ ườ ế ờ ợ ế Zalo: 033.926.4002