Use of English for advanced learners 7: Forming new words - Thấm Tâm Vy

Nội dung text: Use of English for advanced learners 7: Forming new words - Thấm Tâm Vy

1. USE OF ENGLISH ~ 08 V. Write a form of the word in brackets together with a prefix from Exercise IV in FOR ADVANCED LEARNERS each gap to complete the text. FORMINg NEW WORDS Commuting is defined as travelling back and forth regularly. However, it is (1) (dominate) linked to travelling for work. A hundred years ago, no one could have (2) I. Write a word from the list below in each gap to complete the text. (tell) how many commuters there would be today. Yet sometimes it seems that the advances we have made in transport networks and motor vehicles have been (3) bypasses ■ congestion ■ infrastructure ■ junctions ■ links ■ queues ■ ring (produce), since all we do is sit in traffic jams. This is a shame, because governments COMMUTING and construction companies do great work, only to find that the (4) (form) they had When we think of commuters, we often imagine people walking to the station in a hoped for has not happened. One reason is that the different means of transport are leafy suburb and taking the train into the city. That was how commuting began, and the (5) (depend), which means that a new system relies on other systems working train is certainly still a good way of avoiding (1) on our roads.However, many alongside it. It’s no use, for example, having a great urban rail system if all the roads people commute long distances by car each day, and it is not uncommon for drivers to leading to the stations are at a standstill. have to sit in (2) of traffic for hours. The (3) of a country determines how pleasant or otherwise your daily commute is going to be.(4) roads or (5) VI. Choose what each group of words has in common. Write a form of one of the (avoiding the towns that we used to have to drive through) all help, as do good rail words in each gap to complete the sentences. (6) , butroadworks, accidents, traffic lights and busy (7) can all cause delays 1. audience, audible, auditorium, audiovisual, audition and add to the journey time. They are related to a. hearing. b. speaking. c. thinking. II. Read the sentences and guess the meanings of the prefixes in bold. We didn’t hear the last call for our train - those station announcements are 1. According to the weather forecast, travelling conditions will be hazardous in the completely , aren’t they? early hours tomorrow. 2. automobile, automatic, autograph, autonomous, autoimmune The horse-drawn cab was the forerunner of the taxis that are so familiar today. They refer to 2. Most large cities in the rush hour are synonymous with congestion. a. speed. b. something done by itself. c. something modern. The trains in both directions are carefully synchronised so that they don’t arrive at the Stand clear of the doors. They open station at the same time. 3. benefit, benefactor, beneficial, benevolent, beneficiary 3. The station terminal was a large round building, over 200 metres in circumference. They refer to something The transport authority was found to have circumvented the safety rules, putting a. good. b. bad. c. dangerous. passengers’ lives in danger. The main of the new light railway will be workers who live in the western 4. The letter had a postscript telling me there was a voucher attached that I could use on suburbs. any train in the next three months. 4. proceed, precede, recede, exceed, succeed The match was postponed because of the rail strikes. They are related to III. Look again at the roots of the words in Exercise II and try to guess the a. winning. b. stopping. c. going or moving. meanings of the parts in bold below. The driver was fined €100 for the speed limit. 1. forecast 2. forerunner 5. predict, verdict, dictionary, dictate, diction 3. synonymous 4. synchronised They are related to 5. circumference 6. postscript a. studying. b. writing. c. speaking. Snow is overnight, so drivers should expect delays in the morning rush hour. IV. Match the prefixes with their meanings. 1. pre- a. between or among VII. Write a form of the word in capitals in each gap. 2. fore• b. against 1. We gathered in the large to hear the plans for the new rail link. AUDIENCE 3. counter- c. first 2. The roads were closed to allow the through the town. PROCEED 4. trans• d. across or change 3. The traffic made me late for work three days in SUCCEED 5. inter- e. before or ahead of time 4. There was little in the way of infrastructure when the was in power. DICTATE Thẩm Tâm Vy, 27th, 2020 USE OF ENGLISH FOR ADVANCED LEARNERS - 07
2. 5. As the bus driverwas , he drove into a parked car. REVERT 6. The damage to the bridge in the earthquake could not have been SEE 7. I remember my first commute into the city after I passed my driving ANSWER KEY test. DREAD 8. I’m so sorry I didn’t pick you up this morning. It was a terrible on my part. SEE 9. I was driving to work in my , which was fine until it started raining on the motorway. CONVERT VIII. Match each group of words with its group meaning. 1. credible, incredible, incredulous, credit, credential, credulity a. bend 2. attract, tractor, traction, extract, retract, subtract, protract, contract b. close 3. include, exclude, claustrophobia, enclose, exclusive, reclusive, recluse c. believe 4. evolve, revolve, devolve, evolution, evolutionary, evolutionist d. write 5. flexible, reflection, deflect, flex, reflex, inflexibility, reflective e. pull or take 6. graphic, polygraph, biography, graphite, autograph f. turn or roll IX. Write the correct word in each gap. 1. withheld / upheld a. The development committee vital information from the public. b. If the traffic police the law, there would be fewer accidents. 2. likewise / clockwise a. Most people are using the underground today and we suggest you do b. Go around the ring road in a direction until you see a sign for Paignton. 3. painful / painstaking a. He gave me the directions in such detail that I couldn’t follow them. b. Falling off my bike was an extremely experience. 4. bystanders / bypasses a. It wasn’t the accident that slowed down the traffic but the number of on the road. b. The construction of two new will mean that lorries will not need to go through the town centre. 5. caution / precaution a. I always carry a petrol can as a , just in case I run out. b. Due to high winds, drivers are urged to exercise in exposed areas. Thẩm Tâm Vy, 27th, 2020 USE OF ENGLISH FOR ADVANCED LEARNERS - 07