4 Đề ôn tập thi THPT Quốc gia môn Tiếng Anh năm 2020

Nội dung text: 4 Đề ôn tập thi THPT Quốc gia môn Tiếng Anh năm 2020

1. ĐỀ THAM KHẢO LUYỆN THI TNPT 2020 - 19 Thời gian: 60 phút Mã Đề 278 Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions. 01.A. symbolB. synonym C. identifyD. ecology 02.A. diseaseB. business C. designD. domestic Choose the best answer that best fits each blank (A, B, C, or D) in the following questions. 03. If only motorists drive more carefully! A. shouldB. shallC. wouldD. might 04. She tried to set a few minutes each day for her exercises. A. aboutB. downC. asideD. in 05. I didn’t know my answer was right or wrong. A. thatB. wheneverC. unlessD. whether 06. Your mother scarcely goes to dancing balls, ? A. has sheB. isn’t sheC. doesn’t sheD. does she 07. Now my father at night. A. is used to workingB. used to workC. was used to workD. used to working 08. People convicted of murder in Britain are no longer to death. A. sentB. judgedC sentencedD. punished 09. The young men were guilty of shoplifting. A. convictedB. condemnedC. accusedD. found 10. A(n) has been ordered into why so many safety rules were broken! Just before the accident occurred. A. inquiryB. queryC. researchD. search 11. The film-maker of “Cô Ba Sai Gon”, in the landscape of Hue, decided to make new one. A. is interestedB. interestedC. was interestedD. interesting 12. The girl, father is a chef at a famous restaurant, cannot cook. A. whichB. whoseC. whoD. whom 13. There was nothing they could do leave the car at the roadside where it had broken down. A. butB. thanC. unlessD. instead of 14. Cold temperatures, short growing seasons, and heavy snows prevent at high elevations. A. trees to growB. trees growthC. the growth of treesD. trees to be grown Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions. 15. My brother says that he only enjoys to watch Sydney from the skywalk. A. to watchB. onlyC. skywalkD. says 16. In England, young and old people are fond for watching football. A. areB. forC. youngD. In 17. The children are boring with watching the same programme everyday. A. watchingB. sameC. boringD. The Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions. 18. Dad finished his meal. He left for work immediately. A. As soon as Dad had finished his meal, he left for work immediately. B. As soon as Dad left for work immediately, he finished his meal. C. As having finished his meal, Dad left for work immediately. D. Dad left for work immediately as soon as he finished his meal. 19. The boy is talking to a girl with golden hair. He is my best friend. A. The boy, whom a girl with golden hair is talking to, is my best friend. B. The boy, who is talking to a girl with golden hair, is my friend. C. My best friend is the boy, who is talking to a girl with golden hair. D. The boy talking to a girl with golden hair is my best friend. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 20 to 26. DANGEROUS JOURNEY It's an astounding feat: Every summer, three billion birds of some 300 species-songbirds, waterbirds, and many others- migrate from northern Africa to Europe and Asia. In the winter, they return to Africa’s warmer shores. As they travel from one place to another, they navigate using the sun, the stars, smells, and land forms to help them find their way.
2. Both large and small birds travel thousands of kilometers, often stopping at locations along the way to rest. In late fall in the northern hemisphere, for example, golden orioles fly from northern to southern Europe, and then cross the Mediterranean Sea into Africa. The birds often stop at different oases in northern Africa before flying almost 1,600 kilometers (over 1,000 miles) across the Sahara Desert and then on to central and southern Africa. The birds migration is long and difficult, and some of the animals inevitably die during each trip. However, it is not this twice-a- year journey that poses the greatest risk to these animals. The main threat to the birds' survival comes from human hunters. All over the Mediterranean, millions of migrating birds are killed for food, profit, and sport every year. As a result, bird populations are dropping all over the region. In nations along the Mediterranean, many migratory birds are illegally trapped or shot. In addition to traps, hunters also use electronic calls to catch birds. This tool, which a hunter can operate from a cell phone, mimics bird sounds and is very effective in attracting the animals-so effective that in some countries, bird populations have plummeted. “There are no birds," says one Albanian man. "We walk for hours without seeing any. It's really scary." Some hunters also use nets to capture birds as they fly close to the sea. The nets are high-going from ground level to just over 3 meters (11 feet)- and invisible to the birds, allowing hunters to trap hundreds of birds at a time. Working for Change Countries all over the Mediterranean are aware that bird populations are in danger, and many are working to address this problem. In the European Union, hunting migratory birds is illegal in some countries, while in others, it is strictly controlled-the birds can only be hunted at a certain time of year. This hasn’t completely stopped bird poaching in Europe, but more nature- protection groups are making sure that laws are obeyed. The organization WWW Italy, for example, works with volunteers to stop poachers and destroy birdsong devices that attract birds. This has been successful in many places throughout the country. Sicily, for example, was once a hot spot for illegal bird hunting. Today, it has mostly eliminated poaching, and birdwatching is becoming popular on the island. Across the Mediterranean, another group-Nature Conservation Egypt-is working to increase protection of its country’s natural scenery and wildlife, including its migratory birds. As part of a current project, the organization is trying to promote activities such as eco-tourism along the coasts. The hope is that, as more tourists come to visit protected natural areas, there will be an incentive to care for the birds and their habitats. If this happens, say conservationists, bird populations will quickly return to normal. Wildlife organizations around the Mediterranean are helping to bring about change. Hunting bans are working, says Martin Schneider-Jacoby, a bird specialist for the German organization EuroNatur. But there is still more to do. Conservationists hope to stop hunting and restore bird habitats all over the Mediterranean. If this can be done, the birds' numbers will increase. There’s a long way to go. Schneider-Jacoby says, but like an oasis in the desert after a long journey, there is hope. 20. This reading is mainly about A. how tourism is causing a drop in bird populationB. how birds are being hunted worldwide C. dangers to migrating birds in the MediterraneanD. problems caused by migrating birds 21. The purpose of the first paragraph is to describe A. how many birds travel large distances to and from Africa B. how migrating birds are able to use stars as a tool for navigation C. why some birds migrate while others do not D. why bird numbers are starting to drop in the Mediterranean 22. Why has bird-watching become popular in Sicily? A. Birdsong devices are attracting more birds to the area. B. There is now very little poaching of birds. C. Some extremely rare birds have been seen in Sicily. D. The weather has changed and become more pleasant. 23. Which of these statements would Martin Schneider-Jacoby probably agree with the most? A. It’s likely that bird populations will continue to decrease. B. More countries need to ban hunting to restore bird numbers. C. The only way to increase bird populations is to allow limited hunting. D. There needs to be more protection of desert oases. 24. What is Nature Conservation Egypt doing to protect the birds? A. banning birdsong devicesB. eliminating hunting C. allowing hunting only at a certain timeD. promoting eco-tourism 25. What is the biggest danger to migrating birds? A. crossing the Sahara DesertB. lack of food C. storms in the MediterraneanD. being hunted by humans 26. Which of these is NOT mentioned as a way of attracting and catching birds? A. bird callsB. trapsC. offering foodD. nets Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning tothe underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
3. 27. People are more inclined to put their hands in their pockets to help children. A. boast of richesB. count on money for life C. give money to charity D. sane money for later use 28. The meeting began with the passing the hat around. A. collecting money for charityB. electing the chairman C. asking for new opinionD. sharing personal ideas Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. 29. Ask Tina to cook the meal? Come off it, she can hardly boil an egg! A. No way!B. Hurray!C. Bless you!D. Go ahead! 30. There are 348 people on the books at the cement works. A. employedB. given payC. made redundantD. awarded Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions. 31.A. generalizeB. comfortable C. maternityD. beautifully 32.A. wonderfulB. attendance C. enjoymentD. detective Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 33 to 40. WHAT MAKES AN OLYMPIC CHAMPION? How does a person become an Olympic champion-someone capable of winning the gold? In reality, a combination of biological, environmental, and psychological factors, as well as training and practice, all go into making a super athlete. Perhaps the most important factor involved in becoming an elite athlete is genetics. Most Olympic competitors are equipped with certain physical characteristics that differentiate them from the average person. Take an elite athlete's muscles, for example. In most human skeletal muscles (the ones that make your body move), there are fast-twitch fibers and slow-twitch fibers. Fast-twitch fibers help us move quickly. Olympic weightlifters. for example, have a large number of fast-twitch fibers in their muscles-many more than the average person. These allow them to lift hundreds of kilos from the ground and over their heads in seconds. Surprisingly, a large, muscular body is not the main requirement to do well in this sport. It is more important to have a large number of fast-twitch fibers in the muscles. The legs of an elite marathon runner, on the other hand, might contain up to 90 percent slow-twitch muscle fibers. These generate energy efficiently and enable an athlete to control fatigue and keep moving for a longer period of time. When we exercise long or hard, it's common to experience tiredness, muscle pain, and difficulty breathing. These feelings are caused when the muscles produce high amounts of lactate and can't remove it quickly enough. Athletes with many slow-twitch muscle fibers seem to be able to clear the lactate from their muscles faster as they move. Thus, the average runner might start to feel discomfort halfway into a race. A trained Olympic athlete, however, might not feel pain until much later in the competition for some Olympic competitors, size is important. Most male champion swimmers are 180 cm (six feet) or taller, allowing them to reach longer and swim faster. For both male and female gymnasts, though, a smaller size and body weight mean they can move with greater ease, and are less likely to suffer damage when landing on the floor from a height of up to 4.5 meters (15 feet). Some athletes' abilities are naturally enhanced by their environment. Those raised at high altitudes in countries such as Kenya, Ethiopia, and Morocco have blood that is rich in hemoglobin. Large amounts of hemoglobin carry oxygen around the body faster, enabling these athletes to run better. Cultural factors also help some athletes do well at certain sports. Tegla Loroupe, a young woman from northern Kenya, has won several marathons. She attributes some of her success to her country's altitude (she trains at about 2,400 meters, or 8,000 feet) and some to her cultural background. As a child, she had to run ten kilometers to school every day. “I'd be punished if I was late," she says. Although genetics, environment, and even culture play a part in becoming an elite athlete, training and practice are needed to succeed. Marathon runners may be able to control fatigue and keep moving for long periods of time, but they must train to reach and maintain their goals. Weightlifters and gymnasts perfect their skills by repeating the same motions again and again until they are automatic. Greg Louganis, winner of four Olympic diving gold medals, says divers must train the same way to be successful: "You have less than three seconds from takeoff until you hit the water, so it has to be reflex. You have to repeat the dives hundreds, maybe thousands, of times.” Training this way requires an athlete to be not only physically fit but psychologically healthy as well. "They have to be," says Sean McCann, a sports psychologist at the Olympic Training Center in the U.S. ‘‘Otherwise, they couldn’t handle the training loads we put on them. [Athletes] have to be good at setting goals, generating energy when they need it, and managing anxiety " How do athletes adjust to such intense pressure? Louganis explains how he learned to control his anxiety during a competition: "Most divers think too much ," he says. "They're too much in their heads. What worked for me was humor. I remember thinking about what my mother would say if she saw me do a bad dive. She'd probably just compliment me on the beautiful splash. 33. What is this reading mainly about? A. the size of a super athleteB. factors that make someone a super athlete C. the different muscle types of a super athleteD. how to qualify for the Olympics
4. 34. The word more in line 9 refers to A. musclesB. fast-twitch fibersC. Olympic weightliftersD. average people 35. When lactate builds up in their muscles, people feel A. dizzinessB. painC. strengthD. energy 36. What is the main idea of the sixth paragraph (“Although genetics ”)? A. Marathon runners must train hard to succeed.B. Genetics is an important part of athletic success. C. Divers must train to be successful.D. Success in sports comes from a lot of practice 37. What advantage do athletes from high-altitude countries have? A. more muscles in their legsB. hemoglobin-rich blood C. lower amounts of lactate in their musclesD. a strong sense of culture 38. What statement would diver Greg Louganis probably agree with? A. Athletes cannot perform well unless they are under pressure B. It’s important to joke around with your teammates before you perform any sport C. A professional athlete should never feel anxiety D. It’s key to practice and train hard, but try not to take things too seriously. 39. The word differentiate is closest in meaning to A. distinguishB. similarizeC. make evenD. equalize 40. Having a lot of slow-twitch muscle fibers is particularly important for A. diversB. cyclistsC. weightliftersD. table tennis players Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 41 to 45. How would you like to attend a university that teaches you how to find inner peace in stressful times, or how to be happy without (41) money? For many students, doing a degree not only opens their minds to new academic ideas, but also to new ways of living as they meet people from different backgrounds and live independently at the same time. But why not address lifestyle choices in the lecture theatre too? That’s the philosophy at Alfred University in New York, USA, where optional seminar-style classes in recent years (42) Movement and Stillness: Yoga and Meditation; Happiness and Stinginess, and the Good Life on a Dollar a Day. The latter (43) on the idea that capitalist society was built on a lie - that you will be happy if you spend money. Alfred students have also studied the reasons behind the success of popular culture hits such as the Harry Potter books and the TV show The Sopranos in the sessions, which are held in the evening. The classes have been popular with students. One (44) that they created an environment where learning for fun was put first, while another said he enjoyed (45) around people who knew not to take life too seriously, but took their studies seriously. 41.A. earningB. making C. spending D. saving 42.A. includingB. adding C. togetherD. with 43.A. focusedB. relied C. basedD. centered 44. told B. spoke C. meantD. said 45.A. collectingB. being C. goingD. turning Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges. 46. In a ball room. ~ Chuck: “What do you think of horror films?” ~ Phil: “ ” A. I haven’t seen them for a long time.B. Ijust saw a film last night. C. Oh, I find them really disgusting.D. Oh, my god! 47. At a café. ~ Joe: " " ~ Todd: “Classical music.” A. What kind of music do you like?B. How many kinds of music do you know? C. Do you like pop music?D. How often to you listen to music? Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions. 48. Choosing a suitable job is really important to adolescents. A. Choosing a suitable job for adolescents is a really important affair. B. The choice of a suitable job for adolescents is really important. C. It is of great importance for adolescents to choose a suitable job. D. It is really important to choose a suitable job for adolescents. 49. Nobody apart from my sister thought I would win the scholarship. A. Nobody thought I would win the scholarship and nor did my sister. B. I would win the scholarship, which my sister hadn’t thought of before. C. My sister was the only person who thought I would win the scholarship. D. Everyone including my sister thought I would win the scholarship. 50. The headmaster made him stay behind after class.
5. A. The headmaster had him stay behind his class room. B. After class he was made to stay behind the headmaster. C. He was made to stay behind after class by the headmaster. D. He was made to follow the headmaster after leaving the class. The End Further reference
6. ĐỀ THAM KHẢO LUYỆN THI TNPT 2020 - 19 Thời gian: 60 phút Mã Đề 873 Choose the best answer that best fits each blank (A, B, C, or D) in the following questions. 01. She tried to set a few minutes each day for her exercises. A. downB. asideC. aboutD. in 02. Cold temperatures, short growing seasons, and heavy snows prevent at high elevations. A. the growth of treesB. trees to be grownC. trees to growD. trees growth 03. There was nothing they could do leave the car at the roadside where it had broken down. A. thanB. unlessC. instead ofD. but 04. The film-maker of “Cô Ba Sai Gon”, in the landscape of Hue, decided to make new one. A. interestedB. interestingC. was interestedD. is interested 05. The girl, father is a chef at a famous restaurant, cannot cook. A. whomB. whoseC. whoD. which 06. I didn’t know my answer was right or wrong. A. unlessB. wheneverC. thatD. whether 07. The young men were guilty of shoplifting. A. condemnedB. foundC. convictedD. accused 08. Now my father at night. A. was used to workB. used to workC. used to workingD. is used to working 09. If only motorists drive more carefully! A. shouldB. mightC. wouldD. shall 10. A(n) has been ordered into why so many safety rules were broken! Just before the accident occurred. A. searchB. inquiryC. researchD. query 11. Your mother scarcely goes to dancing balls, ? A. has sheB. does sheC. doesn’t sheD. isn’t she 12. People convicted of murder in Britain are no longer to death. A. punishedB sentencedC. sentD. judged Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions. 13.A. symbolB. ecology C. identifyD. synonym 14.A. designB. disease C. businessD. domestic Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 15 to 19. How would you like to attend a university that teaches you how to find inner peace in stressful times, or how to be happy without (15) money? For many students, doing a degree not only opens their minds to new academic ideas, but also to new ways of living as they meet people from different backgrounds and live independently at the same time. But why not address lifestyle choices in the lecture theatre too? That’s the philosophy at Alfred University in New York, USA, where optional seminar-style classes in recent years (16) Movement and Stillness: Yoga and Meditation; Happiness and Stinginess, and the Good Life on a Dollar a Day. The latter (17) on the idea that capitalist society was built on a lie - that you will be happy if you spend money. Alfred students have also studied the reasons behind the success of popular culture hits such as the Harry Potter books and the TV show The Sopranos in the sessions, which are held in the evening. The classes have been popular with students. One (18) that they created an environment where learning for fun was put first, while another said he enjoyed (19) around people who knew not to take life too seriously, but took their studies seriously. 15.A. earningB. saving C. spending D. making 16.A. togetherB. with C. addingD. including 17.A. centeredB. based C. focusedD. relied 18. toldB. said C. spokeD. meant 19.A. beingB. turning C. goingD. collecting Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. 20. There are 348 people on the books at the cement works. A. made redundantB. given payC. employedD. awarded 21. Ask Tina to cook the meal? Come off it, she can hardly boil an egg! A. No way!B. Hurray!C. Go ahead!D. Bless you! Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges. 22. At a café.
7. ~ Joe: " " ~ Todd: “Classical music.” A. Do you like pop music?B. How often to you listen to music? C. What kind of music do you like?D. How many kinds of music do you know? 23. In a ball room. ~ Chuck: “What do you think of horror films?” ~ Phil: “ ” A. Ijust saw a film last night.B. I haven’t seen them for a long time. C. Oh, my god!D. Oh, I find them really disgusting. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning tothe underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. 24. The meeting began with the passing the hat around. A. asking for new opinionB. electing the chairman C. sharing personal ideasD. collecting money for charity 25. People are more inclined to put their hands in their pockets to help children. A. sane money for later use B. count on money for life C. give money to charity D. boast of riches Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions. 26. The boy is talking to a girl with golden hair. He is my best friend. A. The boy talking to a girl with golden hair is my best friend. B. My best friend is the boy, who is talking to a girl with golden hair. C. The boy, whom a girl with golden hair is talking to, is my best friend. D. The boy, who is talking to a girl with golden hair, is my friend. 27. Dad finished his meal. He left for work immediately. A. As soon as Dad left for work immediately, he finished his meal. B. As having finished his meal, Dad left for work immediately. C. Dad left for work immediately as soon as he finished his meal. D. As soon as Dad had finished his meal, he left for work immediately. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 34. DANGEROUS JOURNEY It's an astounding feat: Every summer, three billion birds of some 300 species-songbirds, waterbirds, and many others- migrate from northern Africa to Europe and Asia. In the winter, they return to Africa’s warmer shores. As they travel from one place to another, they navigate using the sun, the stars, smells, and land forms to help them find their way. Both large and small birds travel thousands of kilometers, often stopping at locations along the way to rest. In late fall in the northern hemisphere, for example, golden orioles fly from northern to southern Europe, and then cross the Mediterranean Sea into Africa. The birds often stop at different oases in northern Africa before flying almost 1,600 kilometers (over 1,000 miles) across the Sahara Desert and then on to central and southern Africa. The birds migration is long and difficult, and some of the animals inevitably die during each trip. However, it is not this twice-a- year journey that poses the greatest risk to these animals. The main threat to the birds' survival comes from human hunters. All over the Mediterranean, millions of migrating birds are killed for food, profit, and sport every year. As a result, bird populations are dropping all over the region. In nations along the Mediterranean, many migratory birds are illegally trapped or shot. In addition to traps, hunters also use electronic calls to catch birds. This tool, which a hunter can operate from a cell phone, mimics bird sounds and is very effective in attracting the animals-so effective that in some countries, bird populations have plummeted. “There are no birds," says one Albanian man. "We walk for hours without seeing any. It's really scary." Some hunters also use nets to capture birds as they fly close to the sea. The nets are high-going from ground level to just over 3 meters (11 feet)- and invisible to the birds, allowing hunters to trap hundreds of birds at a time. Working for Change Countries all over the Mediterranean are aware that bird populations are in danger, and many are working to address this problem. In the European Union, hunting migratory birds is illegal in some countries, while in others, it is strictly controlled-the birds can only be hunted at a certain time of year. This hasn’t completely stopped bird poaching in Europe, but more nature- protection groups are making sure that laws are obeyed. The organization WWW Italy, for example, works with volunteers to stop poachers and destroy birdsong devices that attract birds. This has been successful in many places throughout the country. Sicily, for example, was once a hot spot for illegal bird hunting. Today, it has mostly eliminated poaching, and birdwatching is becoming popular on the island. Across the Mediterranean, another group-Nature Conservation Egypt-is working to increase protection of its country’s natural scenery and wildlife, including its migratory birds. As part of a current project, the organization is trying to promote activities such as eco-tourism along the coasts. The hope is that, as more tourists come to visit
8. protected natural areas, there will be an incentive to care for the birds and their habitats. If this happens, say conservationists, bird populations will quickly return to normal. Wildlife organizations around the Mediterranean are helping to bring about change. Hunting bans are working, says Martin Schneider-Jacoby, a bird specialist for the German organization EuroNatur. But there is still more to do. Conservationists hope to stop hunting and restore bird habitats all over the Mediterranean. If this can be done, the birds' numbers will increase. There’s a long way to go. Schneider-Jacoby says, but like an oasis in the desert after a long journey, there is hope. 28. This reading is mainly about A. how birds are being hunted worldwideB. dangers to migrating birds in the Mediterranean C. how tourism is causing a drop in bird populationD. problems caused by migrating birds 29. What is Nature Conservation Egypt doing to protect the birds? A. eliminating huntingB. banning birdsong devices C. allowing hunting only at a certain timeD. promoting eco-tourism 30. The purpose of the first paragraph is to describe A. why some birds migrate while others do not B. how many birds travel large distances to and from Africa C. why bird numbers are starting to drop in the Mediterranean D. how migrating birds are able to use stars as a tool for navigation 31. Which of these statements would Martin Schneider-Jacoby probably agree with the most? A. The only way to increase bird populations is to allow limited hunting. B. There needs to be more protection of desert oases. C. More countries need to ban hunting to restore bird numbers. D. It’s likely that bird populations will continue to decrease. 32. Which of these is NOT mentioned as a way of attracting and catching birds? A. trapsB. netsC. offering foodD. bird calls 33. Why has bird-watching become popular in Sicily? A. The weather has changed and become more pleasant.B. Birdsong devices are attracting more birds to the area. C. There is now very little poaching of birds.D. Some extremely rare birds have been seen in Sicily. 34. What is the biggest danger to migrating birds? A. storms in the MediterraneanB. being hunted by humans C. crossing the Sahara DesertD. lack of food Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions. 35.A. generalizeB. beautifully C. comfortableD. maternity 36.A. wonderfulB. enjoyment C. detectiveD. attendance Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions. 37. The children are boring with watching the same programme everyday. A. watchingB. sameC. boringD. The 38. In England, young and old people are fond for watching football. A. InB. youngC. forD. are 39. My brother says that he only enjoys to watch Sydney from the skywalk. A. to watchB. saysC. onlyD. skywalk Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 40 to 47. WHAT MAKES AN OLYMPIC CHAMPION? How does a person become an Olympic champion-someone capable of winning the gold? In reality, a combination of biological, environmental, and psychological factors, as well as training and practice, all go into making a super athlete. Perhaps the most important factor involved in becoming an elite athlete is genetics. Most Olympic competitors are equipped with certain physical characteristics that differentiate them from the average person. Take an elite athlete's muscles, for example. In most human skeletal muscles (the ones that make your body move), there are fast-twitch fibers and slow-twitch fibers. Fast-twitch fibers help us move quickly. Olympic weightlifters. for example, have a large number of fast-twitch fibers in their muscles-many more than the average person. These allow them to lift hundreds of kilos from the ground and over their heads in seconds. Surprisingly, a large, muscular body is not the main requirement to do well in this sport. It is more important to have a large number of fast-twitch fibers in the muscles. The legs of an elite marathon runner, on the other hand, might contain up to 90 percent slow-twitch muscle fibers. These generate energy efficiently and enable an athlete to control fatigue and keep moving for a longer period of time. When we exercise long or hard, it's common to experience tiredness, muscle pain, and difficulty breathing. These feelings are caused when the muscles produce high amounts of lactate and can't remove it quickly enough. Athletes with many slow-twitch muscle fibers seem to be
9. able to clear the lactate from their muscles faster as they move. Thus, the average runner might start to feel discomfort halfway into a race. A trained Olympic athlete, however, might not feel pain until much later in the competition for some Olympic competitors, size is important. Most male champion swimmers are 180 cm (six feet) or taller, allowing them to reach longer and swim faster. For both male and female gymnasts, though, a smaller size and body weight mean they can move with greater ease, and are less likely to suffer damage when landing on the floor from a height of up to 4.5 meters (15 feet). Some athletes' abilities are naturally enhanced by their environment. Those raised at high altitudes in countries such as Kenya, Ethiopia, and Morocco have blood that is rich in hemoglobin. Large amounts of hemoglobin carry oxygen around the body faster, enabling these athletes to run better. Cultural factors also help some athletes do well at certain sports. Tegla Loroupe, a young woman from northern Kenya, has won several marathons. She attributes some of her success to her country's altitude (she trains at about 2,400 meters, or 8,000 feet) and some to her cultural background. As a child, she had to run ten kilometers to school every day. “I'd be punished if I was late," she says. Although genetics, environment, and even culture play a part in becoming an elite athlete, training and practice are needed to succeed. Marathon runners may be able to control fatigue and keep moving for long periods of time, but they must train to reach and maintain their goals. Weightlifters and gymnasts perfect their skills by repeating the same motions again and again until they are automatic. Greg Louganis, winner of four Olympic diving gold medals, says divers must train the same way to be successful: "You have less than three seconds from takeoff until you hit the water, so it has to be reflex. You have to repeat the dives hundreds, maybe thousands, of times.” Training this way requires an athlete to be not only physically fit but psychologically healthy as well. "They have to be," says Sean McCann, a sports psychologist at the Olympic Training Center in the U.S. ‘‘Otherwise, they couldn’t handle the training loads we put on them. [Athletes] have to be good at setting goals, generating energy when they need it, and managing anxiety " How do athletes adjust to such intense pressure? Louganis explains how he learned to control his anxiety during a competition: "Most divers think too much ," he says. "They're too much in their heads. What worked for me was humor. I remember thinking about what my mother would say if she saw me do a bad dive. She'd probably just compliment me on the beautiful splash. 40. What is this reading mainly about? A. factors that make someone a super athleteB. the different muscle types of a super athlete C. the size of a super athleteD. how to qualify for the Olympics 41. The word more in line 9 refers to A. average peopleB. Olympic weightliftersC. fast-twitch fibersD. muscles 42. What statement would diver Greg Louganis probably agree with? A. A professional athlete should never feel anxiety B. Athletes cannot perform well unless they are under pressure C. It’s important to joke around with your teammates before you perform any sport D. It’s key to practice and train hard, but try not to take things too seriously. 43. What is the main idea of the sixth paragraph (“Although genetics ”)? A. Success in sports comes from a lot of practiceB. Divers must train to be successful. C. Marathon runners must train hard to succeed.D. Genetics is an important part of athletic success. 44. When lactate builds up in their muscles, people feel A. painB. dizzinessC. energyD. strength 45. The word differentiate is closest in meaning to A. distinguishB. equalizeC. make evenD. similarize 46. What advantage do athletes from high-altitude countries have? A. lower amounts of lactate in their musclesB. more muscles in their legs C. hemoglobin-rich bloodD. a strong sense of culture 47. Having a lot of slow-twitch muscle fibers is particularly important for A. table tennis playersB. diversC. weightliftersD. cyclists Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions. 48. Nobody apart from my sister thought I would win the scholarship. A. I would win the scholarship, which my sister hadn’t thought of before. B. Nobody thought I would win the scholarship and nor did my sister. C. My sister was the only person who thought I would win the scholarship. D. Everyone including my sister thought I would win the scholarship. 49. Choosing a suitable job is really important to adolescents. A. It is really important to choose a suitable job for adolescents. B. Choosing a suitable job for adolescents is a really important affair. C. The choice of a suitable job for adolescents is really important. D. It is of great importance for adolescents to choose a suitable job. 50. The headmaster made him stay behind after class. A. The headmaster had him stay behind his class room.
10. B. He was made to follow the headmaster after leaving the class. C. He was made to stay behind after class by the headmaster. D. After class he was made to stay behind the headmaster. The End
11. ĐỀ THAM KHẢO LUYỆN THI TNPT 2020 - 19 Thời gian: 60 phút Mã Đề 883 Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions. 01.A. symbolB. ecology C. synonymD. identify 02.A. domesticB. disease C. designD. business Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning tothe underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. 03. The meeting began with the passing the hat around. A. collecting money for charityB. asking for new opinion C. electing the chairmanD. sharing personal ideas 04. People are more inclined to put their hands in their pockets to help children. A. give money to charity B. sane money for later use C. count on money for lifeD. boast of riches Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 05 to 09. How would you like to attend a university that teaches you how to find inner peace in stressful times, or how to be happy without (5) money? For many students, doing a degree not only opens their minds to new academic ideas, but also to new ways of living as they meet people from different backgrounds and live independently at the same time. But why not address lifestyle choices in the lecture theatre too? That’s the philosophy at Alfred University in New York, USA, where optional seminar-style classes in recent years (6) Movement and Stillness: Yoga and Meditation; Happiness and Stinginess, and the Good Life on a Dollar a Day. The latter (7) on the idea that capitalist society was built on a lie - that you will be happy if you spend money. Alfred students have also studied the reasons behind the success of popular culture hits such as the Harry Potter books and the TV show The Sopranos in the sessions, which are held in the evening. The classes have been popular with students. One (8) that they created an environment where learning for fun was put first, while another said he enjoyed (9) around people who knew not to take life too seriously, but took their studies seriously. 05.A. saving B. spending C. makingD. earning 06.A. includingB. together C. withD. adding 07.A. reliedB. centered C. basedD. focused 08. toldB. spokeC. saidD. meant 09.A. beingB. turning C. goingD. collecting Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions. 10. Dad finished his meal. He left for work immediately. A. Dad left for work immediately as soon as he finished his meal. B. As soon as Dad left for work immediately, he finished his meal. C. As soon as Dad had finished his meal, he left for work immediately. D. As having finished his meal, Dad left for work immediately. 11. The boy is talking to a girl with golden hair. He is my best friend. A. The boy, whom a girl with golden hair is talking to, is my best friend. B. The boy talking to a girl with golden hair is my best friend. C. The boy, who is talking to a girl with golden hair, is my friend. D. My best friend is the boy, who is talking to a girl with golden hair. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. 12. Ask Tina to cook the meal? Come off it, she can hardly boil an egg! A. No way!B. Bless you!C. Go ahead!D. Hurray! 13. There are 348 people on the books at the cement works. A. employedB. made redundantC. awardedD. given pay Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions. 14.A. enjoymentB. detective C. attendanceD. wonderful 15.A. maternityB. generalize C. comfortableD. beautifully Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges. 16. At a café. ~ Joe: " " ~ Todd: “Classical music.”
12. A. How many kinds of music do you know?B. What kind of music do you like? C. Do you like pop music?D. How often to you listen to music? 17. In a ball room. ~ Chuck: “What do you think of horror films?” ~ Phil: “ ” A. Oh, my god!B. I haven’t seen them for a long time. C. Ijust saw a film last night.D. Oh, I find them really disgusting. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions. 18. My brother says that he only enjoys to watch Sydney from the skywalk. A. saysB. onlyC. skywalkD. to watch 19. The children are boring with watching the same programme everyday. A. boringB. TheC. watchingD. same 20. In England, young and old people are fond for watching football. A. youngB. InC. forD. are Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 21 to 27. DANGEROUS JOURNEY It's an astounding feat: Every summer, three billion birds of some 300 species-songbirds, waterbirds, and many others- migrate from northern Africa to Europe and Asia. In the winter, they return to Africa’s warmer shores. As they travel from one place to another, they navigate using the sun, the stars, smells, and land forms to help them find their way. Both large and small birds travel thousands of kilometers, often stopping at locations along the way to rest. In late fall in the northern hemisphere, for example, golden orioles fly from northern to southern Europe, and then cross the Mediterranean Sea into Africa. The birds often stop at different oases in northern Africa before flying almost 1,600 kilometers (over 1,000 miles) across the Sahara Desert and then on to central and southern Africa. The birds migration is long and difficult, and some of the animals inevitably die during each trip. However, it is not this twice-a- year journey that poses the greatest risk to these animals. The main threat to the birds' survival comes from human hunters. All over the Mediterranean, millions of migrating birds are killed for food, profit, and sport every year. As a result, bird populations are dropping all over the region. In nations along the Mediterranean, many migratory birds are illegally trapped or shot. In addition to traps, hunters also use electronic calls to catch birds. This tool, which a hunter can operate from a cell phone, mimics bird sounds and is very effective in attracting the animals-so effective that in some countries, bird populations have plummeted. “There are no birds," says one Albanian man. "We walk for hours without seeing any. It's really scary." Some hunters also use nets to capture birds as they fly close to the sea. The nets are high-going from ground level to just over 3 meters (11 feet)- and invisible to the birds, allowing hunters to trap hundreds of birds at a time. Working for Change Countries all over the Mediterranean are aware that bird populations are in danger, and many are working to address this problem. In the European Union, hunting migratory birds is illegal in some countries, while in others, it is strictly controlled-the birds can only be hunted at a certain time of year. This hasn’t completely stopped bird poaching in Europe, but more nature- protection groups are making sure that laws are obeyed. The organization WWW Italy, for example, works with volunteers to stop poachers and destroy birdsong devices that attract birds. This has been successful in many places throughout the country. Sicily, for example, was once a hot spot for illegal bird hunting. Today, it has mostly eliminated poaching, and birdwatching is becoming popular on the island. Across the Mediterranean, another group-Nature Conservation Egypt-is working to increase protection of its country’s natural scenery and wildlife, including its migratory birds. As part of a current project, the organization is trying to promote activities such as eco-tourism along the coasts. The hope is that, as more tourists come to visit protected natural areas, there will be an incentive to care for the birds and their habitats. If this happens, say conservationists, bird populations will quickly return to normal. Wildlife organizations around the Mediterranean are helping to bring about change. Hunting bans are working, says Martin Schneider-Jacoby, a bird specialist for the German organization EuroNatur. But there is still more to do. Conservationists hope to stop hunting and restore bird habitats all over the Mediterranean. If this can be done, the birds' numbers will increase. There’s a long way to go. Schneider-Jacoby says, but like an oasis in the desert after a long journey, there is hope. 21. What is Nature Conservation Egypt doing to protect the birds? A. allowing hunting only at a certain timeB. eliminating hunting C. promoting eco-tourismD. banning birdsong devices 22. Which of these is NOT mentioned as a way of attracting and catching birds? A. netsB. bird callsC. offering foodD. traps 23. This reading is mainly about A. dangers to migrating birds in the MediterraneanB. how birds are being hunted worldwide C. how tourism is causing a drop in bird populationD. problems caused by migrating birds
13. 24. The purpose of the first paragraph is to describe A. how many birds travel large distances to and from Africa B. why bird numbers are starting to drop in the Mediterranean C. why some birds migrate while others do not D. how migrating birds are able to use stars as a tool for navigation 25. Why has bird-watching become popular in Sicily? A. Some extremely rare birds have been seen in Sicily.B. There is now very little poaching of birds. C. Birdsong devices are attracting more birds to the area.D. The weather has changed and become more pleasant. 26. Which of these statements would Martin Schneider-Jacoby probably agree with the most? A. The only way to increase bird populations is to allow limited hunting. B. It’s likely that bird populations will continue to decrease. C. More countries need to ban hunting to restore bird numbers. D. There needs to be more protection of desert oases. 27. What is the biggest danger to migrating birds? A. storms in the MediterraneanB. crossing the Sahara Desert C. lack of food D. being hunted by humans Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 35. WHAT MAKES AN OLYMPIC CHAMPION? How does a person become an Olympic champion-someone capable of winning the gold? In reality, a combination of biological, environmental, and psychological factors, as well as training and practice, all go into making a super athlete. Perhaps the most important factor involved in becoming an elite athlete is genetics. Most Olympic competitors are equipped with certain physical characteristics that differentiate them from the average person. Take an elite athlete's muscles, for example. In most human skeletal muscles (the ones that make your body move), there are fast-twitch fibers and slow-twitch fibers. Fast-twitch fibers help us move quickly. Olympic weightlifters. for example, have a large number of fast-twitch fibers in their muscles-many more than the average person. These allow them to lift hundreds of kilos from the ground and over their heads in seconds. Surprisingly, a large, muscular body is not the main requirement to do well in this sport. It is more important to have a large number of fast-twitch fibers in the muscles. The legs of an elite marathon runner, on the other hand, might contain up to 90 percent slow-twitch muscle fibers. These generate energy efficiently and enable an athlete to control fatigue and keep moving for a longer period of time. When we exercise long or hard, it's common to experience tiredness, muscle pain, and difficulty breathing. These feelings are caused when the muscles produce high amounts of lactate and can't remove it quickly enough. Athletes with many slow-twitch muscle fibers seem to be able to clear the lactate from their muscles faster as they move. Thus, the average runner might start to feel discomfort halfway into a race. A trained Olympic athlete, however, might not feel pain until much later in the competition for some Olympic competitors, size is important. Most male champion swimmers are 180 cm (six feet) or taller, allowing them to reach longer and swim faster. For both male and female gymnasts, though, a smaller size and body weight mean they can move with greater ease, and are less likely to suffer damage when landing on the floor from a height of up to 4.5 meters (15 feet). Some athletes' abilities are naturally enhanced by their environment. Those raised at high altitudes in countries such as Kenya, Ethiopia, and Morocco have blood that is rich in hemoglobin. Large amounts of hemoglobin carry oxygen around the body faster, enabling these athletes to run better. Cultural factors also help some athletes do well at certain sports. Tegla Loroupe, a young woman from northern Kenya, has won several marathons. She attributes some of her success to her country's altitude (she trains at about 2,400 meters, or 8,000 feet) and some to her cultural background. As a child, she had to run ten kilometers to school every day. “I'd be punished if I was late," she says. Although genetics, environment, and even culture play a part in becoming an elite athlete, training and practice are needed to succeed. Marathon runners may be able to control fatigue and keep moving for long periods of time, but they must train to reach and maintain their goals. Weightlifters and gymnasts perfect their skills by repeating the same motions again and again until they are automatic. Greg Louganis, winner of four Olympic diving gold medals, says divers must train the same way to be successful: "You have less than three seconds from takeoff until you hit the water, so it has to be reflex. You have to repeat the dives hundreds, maybe thousands, of times.” Training this way requires an athlete to be not only physically fit but psychologically healthy as well. "They have to be," says Sean McCann, a sports psychologist at the Olympic Training Center in the U.S. ‘‘Otherwise, they couldn’t handle the training loads we put on them. [Athletes] have to be good at setting goals, generating energy when they need it, and managing anxiety " How do athletes adjust to such intense pressure? Louganis explains how he learned to control his anxiety during a competition: "Most divers think too much ," he says. "They're too much in their heads. What worked for me was humor. I remember thinking about what my mother would say if she saw me do a bad dive. She'd probably just compliment me on the beautiful splash. 28. What is this reading mainly about? A. the different muscle types of a super athleteB. the size of a super athlete C. factors that make someone a super athleteD. how to qualify for the Olympics
14. 29. What is the main idea of the sixth paragraph (“Although genetics ”)? A. Genetics is an important part of athletic success.B. Divers must train to be successful. C. Success in sports comes from a lot of practiceD. Marathon runners must train hard to succeed. 30. The word differentiate is closest in meaning to A. distinguishB. equalizeC. similarizeD. make even 31. Having a lot of slow-twitch muscle fibers is particularly important for A. table tennis playersB. cyclistsC. diversD. weightlifters 32. What statement would diver Greg Louganis probably agree with? A. Athletes cannot perform well unless they are under pressure B. A professional athlete should never feel anxiety C. It’s important to joke around with your teammates before you perform any sport D. It’s key to practice and train hard, but try not to take things too seriously. 33. When lactate builds up in their muscles, people feel A. dizzinessB. painC. energyD. strength 34. What advantage do athletes from high-altitude countries have? A. lower amounts of lactate in their musclesB. a strong sense of culture C. more muscles in their legsD. hemoglobin-rich blood 35. The word more in line 9 refers to A. fast-twitch fibersB. musclesC. Olympic weightliftersD. average people Choose the best answer that best fits each blank (A, B, C, or D) in the following questions. 36. If only motorists drive more carefully! A. shallB. shouldC. mightD. would 37. The film-maker of “Cô Ba Sai Gon”, in the landscape of Hue, decided to make new one. A. was interestedB. interestingC. is interestedD. interested 38. There was nothing they could do leave the car at the roadside where it had broken down. A. thanB. butC. instead ofD. unless 39. I didn’t know my answer was right or wrong. A. unlessB. whetherC. thatD. whenever 40. She tried to set a few minutes each day for her exercises. A. inB. downC. asideD. about 41. A(n) has been ordered into why so many safety rules were broken! Just before the accident occurred. A. inquiryB. researchC. searchD. query 42. People convicted of murder in Britain are no longer to death. A. punishedB sentencedC. judgedD. sent 43. Your mother scarcely goes to dancing balls, ? A. isn’t sheB. has sheC. does sheD. doesn’t she 44. Now my father at night. A. is used to workingB. used to workingC. was used to workD. used to work 45. The girl, father is a chef at a famous restaurant, cannot cook. A. whichB. whoC. whomD. whose 46. The young men were guilty of shoplifting. A. foundB. condemnedC. convictedD. accused 47. Cold temperatures, short growing seasons, and heavy snows prevent at high elevations. A. trees to growB. trees to be grownC. trees growthD. the growth of trees Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions. 48. Nobody apart from my sister thought I would win the scholarship. A. Everyone including my sister thought I would win the scholarship. B. Nobody thought I would win the scholarship and nor did my sister. C. I would win the scholarship, which my sister hadn’t thought of before. D. My sister was the only person who thought I would win the scholarship. 49. The headmaster made him stay behind after class. A. He was made to stay behind after class by the headmaster. B. He was made to follow the headmaster after leaving the class. C. After class he was made to stay behind the headmaster. D. The headmaster had him stay behind his class room. 50. Choosing a suitable job is really important to adolescents. A. It is really important to choose a suitable job for adolescents. B. It is of great importance for adolescents to choose a suitable job.
15. C. Choosing a suitable job for adolescents is a really important affair. D. The choice of a suitable job for adolescents is really important. The End
16. ĐỀ THAM KHẢO LUYỆN THI TNPT 2020 - 19 Thời gian: 60 phút Mã Đề 8799 Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions. 01.A. designB. domestic C. businessD. disease 02.A. identifyB. synonym C. ecologyD. symbol Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. 03. There are 348 people on the books at the cement works. A. made redundantB. employedC. awardedD. given pay 04. Ask Tina to cook the meal? Come off it, she can hardly boil an egg! A. Bless you!B. Hurray!C. Go ahead!D. No way! Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 05 to 09. How would you like to attend a university that teaches you how to find inner peace in stressful times, or how to be happy without (5) money? For many students, doing a degree not only opens their minds to new academic ideas, but also to new ways of living as they meet people from different backgrounds and live independently at the same time. But why not address lifestyle choices in the lecture theatre too? That’s the philosophy at Alfred University in New York, USA, where optional seminar-style classes in recent years (6) Movement and Stillness: Yoga and Meditation; Happiness and Stinginess, and the Good Life on a Dollar a Day. The latter (7) on the idea that capitalist society was built on a lie - that you will be happy if you spend money. Alfred students have also studied the reasons behind the success of popular culture hits such as the Harry Potter books and the TV show The Sopranos in the sessions, which are held in the evening. The classes have been popular with students. One (8) that they created an environment where learning for fun was put first, while another said he enjoyed (9) around people who knew not to take life too seriously, but took their studies seriously. 05.A. spending B. earning C. saving D. making 06.A. includingB. adding C. togetherD. with 07.A. basedB. relied C. centeredD. focused 08.A. meantB. saidC. spoke D. told 09.A. beingB. going C. collectingD. turning Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions. 10. The children are boring with watching the same programme everyday. A. boringB. watchingC. TheD. same 11. My brother says that he only enjoys to watch Sydney from the skywalk. A. onlyB. to watchC. saysD. skywalk 12. In England, young and old people are fond for watching football. A. forB. youngC. InD. are Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges. 13. At a café. ~ Joe: " " ~ Todd: “Classical music.” A. How many kinds of music do you know?B. How often to you listen to music? C. What kind of music do you like?D. Do you like pop music? 14. In a ball room. ~ Chuck: “What do you think of horror films?” ~ Phil: “ ” A. I haven’t seen them for a long time.B. Oh, my god! C. Ijust saw a film last night.D. Oh, I find them really disgusting. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 15 to 22. WHAT MAKES AN OLYMPIC CHAMPION? How does a person become an Olympic champion-someone capable of winning the gold? In reality, a combination of biological, environmental, and psychological factors, as well as training and practice, all go into making a super athlete. Perhaps the most important factor involved in becoming an elite athlete is genetics. Most Olympic competitors are equipped with certain physical characteristics that differentiate them from the average person. Take an elite athlete's muscles, for example. In most human skeletal muscles (the ones that make your body move), there are fast-twitch fibers and slow-twitch fibers. Fast-twitch fibers help us move quickly.
17. Olympic weightlifters. for example, have a large number of fast-twitch fibers in their muscles-many more than the average person. These allow them to lift hundreds of kilos from the ground and over their heads in seconds. Surprisingly, a large, muscular body is not the main requirement to do well in this sport. It is more important to have a large number of fast-twitch fibers in the muscles. The legs of an elite marathon runner, on the other hand, might contain up to 90 percent slow-twitch muscle fibers. These generate energy efficiently and enable an athlete to control fatigue and keep moving for a longer period of time. When we exercise long or hard, it's common to experience tiredness, muscle pain, and difficulty breathing. These feelings are caused when the muscles produce high amounts of lactate and can't remove it quickly enough. Athletes with many slow-twitch muscle fibers seem to be able to clear the lactate from their muscles faster as they move. Thus, the average runner might start to feel discomfort halfway into a race. A trained Olympic athlete, however, might not feel pain until much later in the competition for some Olympic competitors, size is important. Most male champion swimmers are 180 cm (six feet) or taller, allowing them to reach longer and swim faster. For both male and female gymnasts, though, a smaller size and body weight mean they can move with greater ease, and are less likely to suffer damage when landing on the floor from a height of up to 4.5 meters (15 feet). Some athletes' abilities are naturally enhanced by their environment. Those raised at high altitudes in countries such as Kenya, Ethiopia, and Morocco have blood that is rich in hemoglobin. Large amounts of hemoglobin carry oxygen around the body faster, enabling these athletes to run better. Cultural factors also help some athletes do well at certain sports. Tegla Loroupe, a young woman from northern Kenya, has won several marathons. She attributes some of her success to her country's altitude (she trains at about 2,400 meters, or 8,000 feet) and some to her cultural background. As a child, she had to run ten kilometers to school every day. “I'd be punished if I was late," she says. Although genetics, environment, and even culture play a part in becoming an elite athlete, training and practice are needed to succeed. Marathon runners may be able to control fatigue and keep moving for long periods of time, but they must train to reach and maintain their goals. Weightlifters and gymnasts perfect their skills by repeating the same motions again and again until they are automatic. Greg Louganis, winner of four Olympic diving gold medals, says divers must train the same way to be successful: "You have less than three seconds from takeoff until you hit the water, so it has to be reflex. You have to repeat the dives hundreds, maybe thousands, of times.” Training this way requires an athlete to be not only physically fit but psychologically healthy as well. "They have to be," says Sean McCann, a sports psychologist at the Olympic Training Center in the U.S. ‘‘Otherwise, they couldn’t handle the training loads we put on them. [Athletes] have to be good at setting goals, generating energy when they need it, and managing anxiety " How do athletes adjust to such intense pressure? Louganis explains how he learned to control his anxiety during a competition: "Most divers think too much ," he says. "They're too much in their heads. What worked for me was humor. I remember thinking about what my mother would say if she saw me do a bad dive. She'd probably just compliment me on the beautiful splash. 15. Having a lot of slow-twitch muscle fibers is particularly important for A. cyclistsB. weightliftersC. diversD. table tennis players 16. The word differentiate is closest in meaning to A. similarizeB. distinguishC. make evenD. equalize 17. What statement would diver Greg Louganis probably agree with? A. It’s important to joke around with your teammates before you perform any sport B. A professional athlete should never feel anxiety C. Athletes cannot perform well unless they are under pressure D. It’s key to practice and train hard, but try not to take things too seriously. 18. What advantage do athletes from high-altitude countries have? A. hemoglobin-rich bloodB. lower amounts of lactate in their muscles C. more muscles in their legsD. a strong sense of culture 19. What is this reading mainly about? A. the size of a super athleteB. the different muscle types of a super athlete C. how to qualify for the OlympicsD. factors that make someone a super athlete 20. When lactate builds up in their muscles, people feel A. painB. strengthC. dizzinessD. energy 21. What is the main idea of the sixth paragraph (“Although genetics ”)? A. Success in sports comes from a lot of practiceB. Divers must train to be successful. C. Marathon runners must train hard to succeed.D. Genetics is an important part of athletic success. 22. The word more in line 9 refers to A. musclesB. average peopleC. Olympic weightliftersD. fast-twitch fibers Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions. 23. Dad finished his meal. He left for work immediately. A. As soon as Dad left for work immediately, he finished his meal. B. As soon as Dad had finished his meal, he left for work immediately. C. As having finished his meal, Dad left for work immediately.
18. D. Dad left for work immediately as soon as he finished his meal. 24. The boy is talking to a girl with golden hair. He is my best friend. A. The boy talking to a girl with golden hair is my best friend. B. The boy, whom a girl with golden hair is talking to, is my best friend. C. The boy, who is talking to a girl with golden hair, is my friend. D. My best friend is the boy, who is talking to a girl with golden hair. Choose the best answer that best fits each blank (A, B, C, or D) in the following questions. 25. If only motorists drive more carefully! A. wouldB. mightC. shallD. should 26. Your mother scarcely goes to dancing balls, ? A. doesn’t sheB. does sheC. has sheD. isn’t she 27. Now my father at night. A. was used to workB. is used to workingC. used to workD. used to working 28. The girl, father is a chef at a famous restaurant, cannot cook. A. whichB. whomC. whoseD. who 29. The young men were guilty of shoplifting. A. foundB. accusedC. condemnedD. convicted 30. There was nothing they could do leave the car at the roadside where it had broken down. A. instead ofB. unlessC. thanD. but 31. She tried to set a few minutes each day for her exercises. A. inB. downC. aboutD. aside 32. People convicted of murder in Britain are no longer to death. A. punishedB. judgedC. sentD sentenced 33. A(n) has been ordered into why so many safety rules were broken! Just before the accident occurred. A. queryB. researchC. inquiryD. search 34. The film-maker of “Cô Ba Sai Gon”, in the landscape of Hue, decided to make new one. A. was interestedB. interestedC. interestingD. is interested 35. I didn’t know my answer was right or wrong. A. whetherB. thatC. unlessD. whenever 36. Cold temperatures, short growing seasons, and heavy snows prevent at high elevations. A. trees growthB. trees to be grownC. trees to growD. the growth of trees Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning tothe underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. 37. The meeting began with the passing the hat around. A. sharing personal ideasB. asking for new opinion C. electing the chairmanD. collecting money for charity 38. People are more inclined to put their hands in their pockets to help children. A. count on money for lifeB. give money to charity C. boast of richesD. sane money for later use Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 39 to 45. DANGEROUS JOURNEY It's an astounding feat: Every summer, three billion birds of some 300 species-songbirds, waterbirds, and many others- migrate from northern Africa to Europe and Asia. In the winter, they return to Africa’s warmer shores. As they travel from one place to another, they navigate using the sun, the stars, smells, and land forms to help them find their way. Both large and small birds travel thousands of kilometers, often stopping at locations along the way to rest. In late fall in the northern hemisphere, for example, golden orioles fly from northern to southern Europe, and then cross the Mediterranean Sea into Africa. The birds often stop at different oases in northern Africa before flying almost 1,600 kilometers (over 1,000 miles) across the Sahara Desert and then on to central and southern Africa. The birds migration is long and difficult, and some of the animals inevitably die during each trip. However, it is not this twice-a- year journey that poses the greatest risk to these animals. The main threat to the birds' survival comes from human hunters. All over the Mediterranean, millions of migrating birds are killed for food, profit, and sport every year. As a result, bird populations are dropping all over the region. In nations along the Mediterranean, many migratory birds are illegally trapped or shot. In addition to traps, hunters also use electronic calls to catch birds. This tool, which a hunter can operate from a cell phone, mimics bird sounds and is very effective in attracting the animals-so effective that in some countries, bird populations have plummeted. “There are no birds," says one Albanian man. "We walk for hours without seeing any. It's really scary." Some hunters also use nets to capture birds as they fly close to the sea. The nets are high-going from ground level to just over 3 meters (11 feet)- and invisible to the birds, allowing hunters to trap hundreds of birds at a time.
19. Working for Change Countries all over the Mediterranean are aware that bird populations are in danger, and many are working to address this problem. In the European Union, hunting migratory birds is illegal in some countries, while in others, it is strictly controlled-the birds can only be hunted at a certain time of year. This hasn’t completely stopped bird poaching in Europe, but more nature- protection groups are making sure that laws are obeyed. The organization WWW Italy, for example, works with volunteers to stop poachers and destroy birdsong devices that attract birds. This has been successful in many places throughout the country. Sicily, for example, was once a hot spot for illegal bird hunting. Today, it has mostly eliminated poaching, and birdwatching is becoming popular on the island. Across the Mediterranean, another group-Nature Conservation Egypt-is working to increase protection of its country’s natural scenery and wildlife, including its migratory birds. As part of a current project, the organization is trying to promote activities such as eco-tourism along the coasts. The hope is that, as more tourists come to visit protected natural areas, there will be an incentive to care for the birds and their habitats. If this happens, say conservationists, bird populations will quickly return to normal. Wildlife organizations around the Mediterranean are helping to bring about change. Hunting bans are working, says Martin Schneider-Jacoby, a bird specialist for the German organization EuroNatur. But there is still more to do. Conservationists hope to stop hunting and restore bird habitats all over the Mediterranean. If this can be done, the birds' numbers will increase. There’s a long way to go. Schneider-Jacoby says, but like an oasis in the desert after a long journey, there is hope. 39. Why has bird-watching become popular in Sicily? A. The weather has changed and become more pleasant.B. Birdsong devices are attracting more birds to the area. C. Some extremely rare birds have been seen in Sicily.D. There is now very little poaching of birds. 40. Which of these is NOT mentioned as a way of attracting and catching birds? A. trapsB. bird callsC. offering foodD. nets 41. The purpose of the first paragraph is to describe A. why bird numbers are starting to drop in the Mediterranean B. how many birds travel large distances to and from Africa C. why some birds migrate while others do not D. how migrating birds are able to use stars as a tool for navigation 42. This reading is mainly about A. dangers to migrating birds in the MediterraneanB. problems caused by migrating birds C. how tourism is causing a drop in bird populationD. how birds are being hunted worldwide 43. Which of these statements would Martin Schneider-Jacoby probably agree with the most? A. More countries need to ban hunting to restore bird numbers. B. The only way to increase bird populations is to allow limited hunting. C. It’s likely that bird populations will continue to decrease. D. There needs to be more protection of desert oases. 44. What is the biggest danger to migrating birds? A. being hunted by humansB. storms in the Mediterranean C. lack of food D. crossing the Sahara Desert 45. What is Nature Conservation Egypt doing to protect the birds? A. promoting eco-tourismB. eliminating hunting C. allowing hunting only at a certain timeD. banning birdsong devices Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions. 46.A. beautifullyB. generalize C. comfortableD. maternity 47.A. detectiveB. enjoyment C. attendanceD. wonderful Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions. 48. The headmaster made him stay behind after class. A. After class he was made to stay behind the headmaster. B. He was made to follow the headmaster after leaving the class. C. The headmaster had him stay behind his class room. D. He was made to stay behind after class by the headmaster. 49. Choosing a suitable job is really important to adolescents. A. Choosing a suitable job for adolescents is a really important affair. B. The choice of a suitable job for adolescents is really important. C. It is of great importance for adolescents to choose a suitable job. D. It is really important to choose a suitable job for adolescents. 50. Nobody apart from my sister thought I would win the scholarship. A. Everyone including my sister thought I would win the scholarship.
20. B. Nobody thought I would win the scholarship and nor did my sister. C. I would win the scholarship, which my sister hadn’t thought of before. D. My sister was the only person who thought I would win the scholarship. The End Further reference