Bài tập đọc hiểu Tiếng anh - Luyện thi THPT quốc gia (Có đáp án) - Tập 1

Nội dung text: Bài tập đọc hiểu Tiếng anh - Luyện thi THPT quốc gia (Có đáp án) - Tập 1

1. BÀI TẬP ĐỌC HIỂU TẬP 1 EXERCISE 1: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Do you feel like your teenager is spending most of the day glued to a phone screen? You're not too far off. A new survey from the Pew Research Center reveals the surprising ways that technology intersects with teen friendships — and the results show that 57 percent of teens have made at least one new friend online. Even more surprisingly, only 20 percent of those digital friends ever meet in person. While teens do connect with their friends face-to-face outside of school, they spend 55 percent of their day texting with friends, and only 25 percent of teens are spending actual time with their friends on a daily basis (outside of school hallways). These new forms of communication are key in maintaining friendships day-to-day — 27 percent of teens instant message their friends every day, 23 percent connect through social media every day, and 7 percent even video chat daily. Text messaging remains the main form of communication — almost half of survey respondents say it's their chosen method of communication with their closest friend. While girls are more likely to text with their close friends, boys are meeting new friends (and maintaining friendships) in the gaming world-89 percent play with friends they know, and 54 percent play with online-only friends. Whether they're close with their teammates or not, online garners say that playing makes them feel "more connected" to friends they know, or garners they've never met. When making new friends, social media has also become a major part of the teenage identity- 62 percent of teens are quick to share their social media usernames when connecting with a new friend (although 80 percent still consider their phone number the best method of contact). Despite the negative consequences-21 percent of teenage users feel worse about their lives because of posts they see on social media — teens also have found support and connection through various platforms. In fact, 68 percent of teens received support during a challenging time in their lives via social media platforms. Just as technology has become a gateway for new friendships, or a channel to stay connected with current friends, it can also make a friendship breakup more public. The study reveals that girls are more likely to block or unfriend former allies, and 68 percent of all teenage users report experiencing "drama among their friends on social media." Question 1: What is the main idea of the passage? A. Social media affects friendship too much. B. Teenagers are making and keeping friends in a surprising way. C. The difference of making new friends between girls and boys. D. Social media connects friendship. Question 2: The word "digital" in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to .
2. A. analogue B. numeracy C. numerous D. online Question 3: According to the passage, what percentage of teens spend actual time with their friends? A. 25% B. 55% C.27% D. 23% Question 4: The following sentences aretrue, EXCEPT. A. According to the survey, more than half of teens have ever made new friends online. B. Teens only meet face-to-face one fifth of online friends they have made. C. Most teenagers use video chat to maintain relationship with friends. D. New forms of communication play an important role in keeping friendships. Question 5: The word "they" in paragraph 3 refers to . A. friends B. online garners C. their teammates D. online-only friends Question 6: What can be inferred from the passage? A. Boys are more likely to meet new friends than girls. B. Most teens are not easy to give others their usernames when making new friends. C. The majority of teenage users agree that social media has negative consequences in their lives. D. Thanks to social media, more than two thirds of teens are supported when they face with challenges in their lives. Question 7: What is the synonym of the word "breakup" in the last paragraph? A. termination B. divorce C. commencing D. popularity Question 8: What does the writer mean when saying "68 percent of all teenage users report experiencing "drama among their friends on social media""? A. Most teenagers take part in drama on social media. B. Most friends on social media of teens are reported in drama. C. Most teenagers use their experience in drama with their friends on social media. D. Most teenagers have ever had conflicts with friends on social media. Exercise 2:Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. The difference between the nuclear family and the extended family is that a nuclear family refers to a single basic family unit of parents and their children, whereas the extended family refers to their relatives such as grandparents, in-laws, aunts and uncles, etc. In many cultures, and particularly indigenous societies, the latter is the most common basic form of social organization. A nuclear family is limited, according to Kristy Jackson of Colorado State University, to one or two parents (e.g. a father and mother) and their own child, or children, living together in a single house or other dwellings. In anthropology, they only must be related in this fashion; there is no upper or lower limit on the number of children in a nuclear family. The extended family is a much more nebulous term, but in essence refers to kin or relations not covered by the above definition. In historical Europe and Asia as well as in Middle Eastern, African, and South American Aboriginal cultures, extended family groups were typically the most basic unit of social organization, The term can differ in specific cultural settings, but generally includes people related in age
3. or by lineage. Anthropologically, the term "extended family" refers to such a group living together in a household, often with three generations living together (grandparents, parents, and children) and headed in patriarchal societies by the eldest man or by some other chosen leadership figure. However, in common parlance, the term "extended family" is often used by people simply to refer to their cousins, aunts, uncles, and so on, even though they are not living together in a single group. Question 9: What is the passage mainly about? A. The dominance of nuclear families over extended ones B. The dominance of extended families over nuclear ones C. A distinction between nuclear families and extended ones D. The changes of family types over times Question 10: The word "the latter" in paragraph 1 refers to . A. family unit B. relatives C. the nuclear family D. the extended family Question 11: The word "nebulous" in passage 3 is closest in meaning to . A. ambiguous B. featured C. difficult D.incomprehensive Question 12: Historically, extended families were the most basic unit of social organization in all of the following places EXCEPT . A. The Middle East B. Asia C. North America D. Europe Question 13: The word "patriarchal" in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to . A. ruled or controlledby men B. equal for both men and women C. simple with no rules and laws D. modern with advanced facilities Question 14: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Since the 20th century, more and more American couples have lived in extended families because of the financial burdens. B. Nuclear families are the most basic form of social organization all over the world. C. The popularity of nuclear families in western countries helps to stabilize family arrangement D. Traditional nuclear families have changed a lot over times. Question 15: What can be inferred from the reading passage? A. Indigenous communities have been completely eradicated all over the world. B. In the future, all extended families will be replaced by nuclear ones. C. Anthropology is a science concerning human race and its development. D. Couples with no children can't be defined as families. Exercise 3: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. For hundreds of years, giving flowers have been a social means of communication. In the United States, flowers are often given during rites of passage, for commemorating special
4. occasions or as a heartfelt gift between loved ones and friends. Flower gifting also occurs in most countries around the world. However, the meanings and traditions often vary. While students traditionally gave their favorite teacher an apple in past years, in China, teachers are given flowers. Peonies are by far the flower most often given in China. They are also quite popularly used for weddings. Strangely, potted plants are not considered a pleasant gift among Asian cultures. The people believe that like a plant confined by a pot, the gift symbolizes a binding or restriction. In Russia, in lieu of giving birthday presents, the guest of honor receives a single flower or an unwrapped bouquet. Floral arrangements or baskets are not given. Russians celebrate a holiday known as Woman's Day. Traditional gifts include red roses, hyacinths or tulips. When there is a funeral or other occasion where someone wishes to express sympathy, carnations, lilies or roses are given in circular configurations, which signify the transition of birth, life and death to rebirth. In this instance, the color of choice is commonly yellow. For joyous occasions, arrangements and bouquets generally contain an odd number of flowers. In the times of ancient Rome, brides carried flowers to scare away evil spirits and encourage fertility. The Dutch believed that flowers were food for the soul. When invited to someone's home in Great Britain, it is tradition to bring a gift of flowers. All types are acceptable except white lilies, which are usually seen at funerals. Unlike the United States, red roses are a symbol of love. Flowers are generally gifted in odd numbered increments regardless of the occasion. However, the Brits also have superstitions regarding the number 13, so the number is avoided. In the southern region of the continent, flowers are traditionally given during Christmas. Egyptians are much more conservative and restrict flower gifting to funerals and weddings. While certain flowers may have significant meanings for some, flowers in Las Vegas and across the United States flowers are an accepted gift for any reason desired. Question 16: What does the topic mainly discuss? A. The fascinating tradition of giving flowers. B. The different meanings of flowers in different cultures. C. The comparison of giving flowers between Asian and European cultures. D. The kinds of flowers people often give each other in different cultures. Question 17: What does the word "They" in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Students B. Teachers C. Flowers D. Peonies Question 18: Why should not you give a potted plant to an Asian? A. Because the Asian prefer to be given flowers. B. As this gift is often given at weddings in Asia. C. Since this gift is believed to symbolize an astriction and limitation in Asia. D. Because Asian students like to give an apple or flowers to others. Question 19: According to the passage, the following flowers are given at Woman's Day in Russia, EXCEPT.
5. A. red roses B. hyacinths C. tulips D. yellow roses Question 20: What could the word "fertility" in paragraph 4 best be replaced by? A. fecundity B. good spirit C. happiness D. loyalty Question 21: The word "superstitions" in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to A. deep-seated belief B. unfounded belief C. religious belief D. traditional belief Question 22: In which country should not people bring white lilies to other houses? A. China B. Russia C. Great Britain D. United States Question23: It can be inferred from the passage that A. People can give flowers to the American in any occasion. B. Egyptians are rather comfortable when receiving flowers at funerals and weddings. C. Flowers given in Britain are in even numbers in any case. D. At the funerals in any cultures, flowers are gifted in circular configurations. Exercise 4:Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. FIRST TIME IN THE AIR When John Mills was going to fly in an airplane for the first time, he was frightened. He did not like the idea of being thousands of feet up in the air. "I also didn't like the fact that I wouldn't be in control," says John. "I'm a terrible passenger in the car. When somebody else is driving, I tell them what to so. It drives everybody crazy." However John couldn't avoid flying any longer. It was the only way he could visit his grandchildren in Canada. "I had made up my mind that I was going to do it, I couldn't let my son, his wife and their three children travel all the way here to visit me. It would be so expensive for them and I know Tom's business isn't doing so well at the moment - it would also be tiring for the children - it's a nine-hour flight!" he says. To get ready for the flight John did lots of reading about airplanes. When he booked his seat, he was told that he would be flying on a Boeing 747, which is better known as a jumbo jet. "I needed to know as much as possible before getting in that plane. I suppose it was a way of making myself feel better. The Boeing 747 is the largest passenger aircraft in the world at the moment. The first one flew on February 9th 1969 in the USA. It can carry up to 524 passengers and 3.400 pieces of luggage. The fuel for airplanes is kept in the wings and the 747's wings are so big that they can carry enough fuel for an average car to be able to travel 16,000 kilometers a year for 70 years. Isn't that unbelievable? Even though I had discovered all this very interesting information about the jumbo, when I saw it for the first time, just before I was going to travel to Canada, I still couldn't believe that something so enormous was going to get up in the air and fly. I was even more impressed when I saw
6. how big it was inside with hundreds of people!" The biggest surprise of all for John was the flight itself. "The take-off itself was much smoother than I expected although I was still quite scared until we were in the air. In the end, I managed to relax, enjoy the food and watch one of the movies and the view from the window was spectacular. I even managed to sleep for a while! "Of course," continues John, "the best reward of all was when I arrived in Canada and saw my son and his family, particularly my beautiful grandchildren. Suddenly, I felt so silly about all the years when I couldn't even think of getting on a plane. I had let my fear of living stop me from seeing the people I love most in the world. I can visit my son and family as often as I like now!" Question 24: Why did John Mills fly in an airplane? A. He wanted to go on holiday B. He wanted to try it. C. He wanted to see his family D. He had to travel on business. Question 25: Why did John read about airplane? A. He wanted to know how they work. B. It was his hobby. C. It made him feel safer. D. He had found a book on them. Question 26: What does the word "which" in the paragraph refer to? A. reading about airplanes B. booking his seat C. flying on a Boeing 747 D. a Boeing 747 Question 27: What happened when he saw the jumbo jet for the first time? A. He felt much safer. B. He liked the shape of it. C. He couldn't believe how big it was. D. He thought the wings were very small. Question 28: How did John feel when the airplane was taking off? A. excited B. happy C. sad D. frightened Question 29: What surprised John most about the flight? A. that he liked the food. B. that he was able to sleep C. that there was a movie being shown D. that the view was good Question 30: How did John feel about his fears in the end? A. He thought he had wasted time being afraid. B. He realized it was okay to be afraid. C. He hoped his grandchildren weren't afraid of flying. D. He realized that being afraid kept him safe. Exercise 5: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions In America, when dining, people consider it rude for a guest or dining partner to belch or burp, eat with an open mouth, smack, or lick your fingers. Napkins, generally provided are available at every meal and should be placed in one's lap and then used throughout the meal to clean one's
7. fingers and mouth. It is acceptable to refuse additional servings of food by saying "No, thank you" and the host or hostess will not be insulted if you do so. Similarly, if you leave a small amount of uneaten food on your plate at a restaurant or in a home, it is not considered an insult. If you eat everything on the plate, a host or hostess may possibly feel that they have not prepared enough food and might be embarrassed. People in the United States serve and eat food with either hand, but never take food from a communal serving dish with their hands. Generally, a serving utensil is used. Americans typically use forks, spoons and knives to eat, but there are some types of foods that are acceptable to eat with one's fingers, like sandwiches or pizza. When in doubt, look to see what others are doing. In formal dining situations, if you wonder whether or not it is acceptable to begin eating, you should wait until the oldest woman (or oldest man if no women are present) begins to eat. When eating, do not pick up the bowl or plate from the table to hold underneath your mouth, Even noodles, soup, and rice are eaten with the plate or bowl remaining on the table. When consuming soup and hot liquids, it is considered impolite to slurp - do not do this. When consuming noodles, twirl them around your fork and then put it in your mouth. If you are a man taking out a woman for dinner, you are almost always expected to pay. This is for the woman to gauge your intentions and interest with her. For example, taking a woman for coffee, versus tacos, versus a fancy dinner, versus for drinks at 11:30pm, all signal many different things to them. So, the date is a -test- of many. Paying is just as important as where you take her, and how late. So, don't assume she is just trying to get a "free meal". Most girls aren't. Also, if you are going out with a friend to eat, almost always, the bill is expected to be split in half, or each person pays for themselves. If you are eating in a restaurant, you will be expected to add a 15 to 20 % tip for the server to your bill. In America, wait staff might occasionally stop by your table to ask how your meal is, which is considered good service. They will also bring you your check when it seems reasonable that you are finished with your meal, however this is not necessarily an indication that you must leave right away (Do not be too embarrassed to ask for the check either waiters and waitresses cannot read minds.) Take your time to finish your meal, and unless there is a line of people waiting at the door, it is not considered rude to linger at your table for as long as you like. (Source: Question 31: Which of the following could be the best title of the passage? A. What should we do when being invited to the American's dinner? B. Table etiquette in America. C. Polite behavior at American's restaurants. D. What is acceptable in dining etiquette in America? Question 32: According to the passage, what action may make the American unpleasant? A. Refusing the supplementary food they serve. B. Leaving the left-overs on the plate. C. Eating food with the guests'hands.
8. D. Cleaning the food on the fingers by the tongue. Question 33: What sentence is NOT stated in the passage? A. In formal dinners, the eldest often eat first. B. In America, the dishes are expected to remain on the table. C. Food is sometimes delivered from the communal serving dish with people's hands. D. It is not courteous to slurp when eating soup. Question 34: The word "it" in paragraph 3 refers to . A. your fork B. noodles C. your mouth D. soup Question 35: What could the word "gauge" in paragraph 4 best be replaced by? A. determine B. impress C. express D. estimate Question 36: When will the bill be divided for the people having the meal? A. When a man is having a date with a woman. B. When people are having meals with their friends. C. When people are eating with the elderly. D. When a girl is testing a boy. Question 37: The word "linger" in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to _. A. appear B. arrange C. reserve D. remain Question 38: Which of the following can he inferred from the passage? A. It is impolite if you give extra money for the waiter. B. Whenever you receive your bill, you should think of leaving soon. C. Paying meals for another may insult them. D. Imitating others if you are not sure what to do at the meal is a good idea. Exercise 6:Read the following passage and mark the letter A, 11, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Christina and James met in college and have been dating for more than five years. For the past two years, they have been living together in a condo they purchased jointly. While Christina and James were confident in their decision to enter into a commitment like a 20-year mortgage, they are unsure if they want to enter into marriage. The couple had many discussions about marriage and decided that it just did not seem necessary. Wasn't it only a piece of paper? And didn't half of all marriages end in divorce? Neither Christina nor James had seen much success with marriage while growing up. Christina was raised by a single mother. Her parents never married, and her father has had little contact with the family since she was a toddler, Christina and her mother lived with her maternal grandmother, who often served as a surrogate parent. James grew up in a two-parent household until age seven, when his parents divorced. He lived with his mother for a few years, and then later with his mother and her boyfriend until he left for college. James remained close with his father who remarried and had a baby with his new wife.
9. Recently, Christina and James have been thinking about having children and the subject of marriage has resurfaced. Christina likes the idea of her children growing up in a traditional family; while James is concerned about possible marital problems down the road and negative consequences for the children should that occur. When they shared these concerns with their parents, James's mom was adamant that the couple should get married. Despite having been divorced and having a live-in boyfriend of 15 years, she believes that children are better off when their parents are married. Christina's mom believes that the couple should do whatever they want but adds that it would "be nice" if they wed. Christina and James's friends told them, married or not married; they would still be a family. ( Question 39: Why did Christina and James suppose that marriage was unnecessary? Because _ A. It was only a piece of paper. B. Half of all marriages ended in divorce. C. Neither of them had seen much success with marriage while growing up. D. They led to an independent life. Question 40: Which can be used as an antonym of the word "maternal"? A. relative B. bloody C. close D. paternal Question 41: According to the paragraph 2, which of the following statements is TRUE? A. Christina lived with her parents until she left for college. B. James was brought up by his father and his new wife. C. Both James and Christina grew up in broken families. D. James lived with his mother and her boyfriend for a year. Question 42: Which of the following could best replace the word "traditional" ? A. old-fashioned B. customary C. antique D. ancient Question 43: Why have Christina and James mentioned the subject of marriage again? A. They have been thinking about having children. B. Christina likes the idea of her children growing up in a traditional family. C. They have been living together for a long time. D. James is concerned about possible marital problems down the road and negative consequences for the children should that occur. Question 44: What is the advice of the couple's parents? A. Married or not married, they would still be a family. B. They should get married so that children are better off. C. The couple should do whatever they want. D. They can have children without entering into a commitment of marriage. Question 45: What does the passage mainly discuss? A. Marital problems
10. B. Negative consequences of a broken family C. Changes in young people's attitude to marriage D. Arguments about marriage Exercise 7: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. People have been donating blood since the early twentieth century to help accident victims and patients undergoing surgical procedures. Usually a pint of whole blood is donated, and it is then divided into platelets, white blood cells, and red blood cells. People can donate blood (for red blood cells] about once every two months. Transfusing the blood from the donor to the recipient is straightforward. It involves taking the blood from a donor's arm vein by means of a hypodermic syringe. The blood flows through a plastic tube to a collection bag or bottle that contains sodium citrate, which prevents the blood from clotting. When the blood is given to a patient, a plastic tube and hypodermic needle are connected to the recipient's arm. The blood flows down from the container by gravity. This is a slow process and may last as long as 2 hours to complete the infusion of blood into the recipient. The patient is protected from being infected during the transfusion. Only sterile containers, tubing, and needles are used, and this helps ensure that transfused or stored blood is not exposed to disease causing bacteria. Negative reactions to transfusions are not unusual. The recipient may suffer an allergic reaction or be sensitive to donor leukocytes. Some may suffer from an undetected red cell incompatibility. Unexplained reactions are also fairly common, Although they are rare, other causes of such negative reactions include contaminated blood, air bubbles in the blood, overloading of the circulatory system through administration of excess blood, or sensitivity to donor plasma or platelets. Today, hospitals and blood banks go to great lengths to screen all blood donors and their blood. All donated blood is routinely and rigorously tested for diseases, such as HIV, hepatitis B, and syphilis. When the recipient is a newborn or an infant, the blood is usually irradiated to eliminate harmful elements. Donated blood is washed, and the white blood cells and platelets removed. Storing the blood sometimes requires a freezing process. To freeze the red blood cells, a glycerol solution is added. To unfreeze, the glycerolis removed. The ability to store blood for long periods has been a boon to human health. Question 46: The word "it" refers to. A. surgical procedures B. accident victims C. a pint of whole blood D. surgery patients Question 47: According to the passage, how often can people donate blood for red blood cells? A. Everyfour months B. Every three month C. Everytwo months D. Every month Question 48: All of the following are mentioned as potential negative reactions to transfusion EXCEPT _. A. Sensitivity to donor leukocytes B. Air bubbles in the blood
11. C. Allergies D. Red-cell incompatibility Question 49: What answer choice is closest in meaning to the word "undetected"? A. not illustrated B. not captured C. not found D. not wanted Question 50: What can the phrase "go to great length" best replaced by? A. irradiate B. test rigorously C. monitor routinely D. removed Question 51: Based on the information in the passage, what can be inferred about blood transfused to infants and newborns? A. It is treated with radiant energy. B. It is not treated differently from adults. C. It is not dangerous for children. D. It is rigorously tested as blood for adults. Question 52: What does the author imply in the passage? A. Donating blood benefits mankind. B. Clotting cannot be prevented. C. Freezing blood destroys platelets. D. Transfusing blood is a dangerous process. Exercise 8:Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or 0 on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Every summer, when the results of university entrance exam come out, many newspaper stories are published about students who are top-scorers across the country. Most portray students as hard- working, studious, smart and, generally, from low-income families. They are often considered heroes or heroines by their families, communes, villages and communities, And they symbolise the efforts made to lift them, and their relatives, out of poverty. The students are often too poor to attend any extra-classes, which make their achievements more illustrious and more newsworthy. While everyone should applaud the students for their admirable efforts, putting too much emphasis on success generates some difficult questions. If other students look up to them as models, of course it's great. However, in a way, it contributes to society's attitude that getting into university is the only way to succeed. For those who fail, their lives are over. It should be noted that about 1.3 million high school students take part in the annual university entrance exams and only about 300,000 of them pass. What's about the hundreds of thousands who fail? Should we demand more stories about those who fail the exam but succeed in life or about those who quit university education at some level and do something else unconventional? "I personally think that it's not about you scoring top in an entrance exam or get even into Harvard. It's about what you do for the rest of your life," said Tran Nguyen Le Van, 29. He is the founder of a website, vexere.com, that passengers can use to book bus tickets online and receive
12. tickets via SMS. His business also arranges online tickets via mobile phones and email. Van dropped out of his MBA at the Thunderbird School of Global Management in Arizona in the United States. His story has caught the attention of many newspapers and he believes more coverage should be given to the youngsters who can be role-models in the start-up community. Getting into university, even with honours, is just the beginning. We applaud them and their efforts and obviously that can give them motivation to do better in life. However, success requires more than just scores," Van said. Van once told a newspaper that his inspiration also came from among the world's most famous drop-outs, such as Mark Zuckerberg of Facebook or Bill Gates who also dropped out of Harvard University. Alarming statistics about unemployment continues to plague us. As many as 162,000 people with some kind of degree cannot find work, according to Labour Ministry's statistics this month. An emphasis on getting into university does not inspire students who want to try alternative options. At the same time, the Ministry of Education and Training is still pondering on how to reform our exam system, which emphasises theories, but offers little to develop critical thinking or practice. Vu Thi Phuong Anh, former head of the Centre for Education Testing and Quality Assessment at Vietnam National University in Ho Chi Minh City said the media should also monitor student successes after graduation. She agreed there were many success stories about young people, but added that it was imbalanced if students taking unconventional paths were not also encouraged. Vietnam is, more than ever, in desperate need of those who think outside the box. Time for us to recognise talent, no matter where it comes from or how. Question 53: Which of the following best describes the main idea of this passage? A. Many students consider universities as their only way after school. B. A good model of being successful in the real life out of school, C. Not many students are successful after graduating from universities. D. University is not the only way to success. Question 54: What is NOT stated in the passage about the top-scorers in the entrance exam? A. The majority of them are poor but intelligent and eager to learn. B. They are hoped to find the way to better their families' lives. C. Their success is more glorious because they attend more classes than others. D. The students are admired for the great efforts. Question 55: The word "unconventional" in paragraph 2 could best be replaced by ___ _. A. common B. unusual C. well-known D. infamous Question 56: The author described Tran Nguyen Le Van in the third passage as _. A. a good example to achieve success although he didn't finish his education. B. a businessman who gains money by selling mobile phones online. C. a founder whose website was inspired from social networks like Facebook. D. a top-scorer who books online tickets and confirms through messages. Question 57: The word "them" in paragraph 3 refers to ___ _.
13. A. honours B. role-models C. the youngsters D. newspapers Question 58: The word "plague" in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ___ _. A. conflict B. afflict C. remind D. bother Question 59: According to the fourth paragraph, what is TRUE about the modern exam system? A. It puts too much pressure on students who must get a place in a university. B. Students are not encouraged to do something different. C. The government is trying to change the theories of exam. D. Many stories about successful students cannot inspire those who attend universities. Question 60: What can be inferred from the passage? A. It's high time for the young to change their ways of thinking about success. B. High scores are the first step to attain achievements in the future. C. Failing the entrance exam will not determine that these students are doing unconventional things. D. The most concerned thing for each student is unemployment. Exercise 9: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, c, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. If you ask any Vietnamese girl right now who she has a crush on, chances are you will encounter the name of the 20-year-old goalkeeper who plays for Vietnam national team. Bui Tien Dung made a name for himself in the AFC U23 Championship where he accurately blocked opponents' shots time after time and saved Vietnam’s chance at the championship in the process. Bui Tien Dung was born on February 28th, 1997 in a poor farming family in Thanh Hoa Province. Dung has loved soccer since he was a kid, but his family was so poor that they could not even afford a plastic soccer ball for him and his brother. The Bui brothers had to resort to playing with balls made from scrap papers and old grapefruits. Dung's parents recognized the brothers' passion for football and used the little money they had to support their sons' early training. When a big football club in the city announced a recruitment event, Dung convinced his younger brother to go to the tryout. He passed on the opportunity knowing that his parents could not afford to have both their sons gone to city. While his younger brother training in the city, Dung's local training center went bankrupted and abruptly ended Dung's football career. For a year, instead of kicking balls, the young man worked as a construction worker to support his parents. He seemingly gave up on football. Fate finally smiled on Dung when a football coach rediscovered him and sent him to train with a local football team. Reentering the football field, Dung wanted to play in a defense position but he was pushed to goalkeeping because of his height. At first, Dung was unhappy about his new position, but his parents advised him to follow and make the best out of it. And Dung did. The young goalkeeper trained hard for his new position and patiently climbed up the ranks the following years. Through hard work, he was named the best goalkeeper of Vietnam's U19 division. Those
14. who have worked with Dung described him as a likable young man. He is very respectful to others and speaks very little. However, when the gloves are on, the nice young man transforms into a f i erce competitor and an unyielding goalkeeper. At AFC U23 Championship, Dung finally reunited with his brother on the field. They f o ught battle after battle together with other amazing players on the team and helped Vietnam made history for Southeast Asian football. Even though Vietnam came short of winning the championship, Dung and his teammates are already heroes and legends in the heart of Vietnamese people. They played fairly and lost with glory and grace. Question 61. What is the passage mainly about?
15. (Source: A. Bui Tien Dung's ambitions B. Bui Tien Dung and his brother C. Bui Tien Dung's biography D. Bui Tien Dung’s successes Question 62. What made a name for himself in the AFC U23 Championship? A. He accurately blocked opponents' shots time after time. B. He saved Vietnam’s chance at the championship in the process. C. Many Vietnamese girl have crush on him. D. Both A and B are correct. Question 63. Which of the following could best replace the word "afford" ? A. buy B. sell C. throw D. give Question 64. Which can be used as a synonym of the word "recruitment” ? A. participation B. employment C. selection D. graduation Question 65. According to the passage, what interrupted Dung's soccer career for a year? A. His poor family B. The bankruptcy of his local training center C. The oppositions from his parents D. His younger brother training in the city Question 66. According to the passage, these following sentences are true EXCEPT . A. Dung had to work as a construction worker to support his parents. B. Dung liked playing in a goalkeeping position. C. Dung was named the best goalkeeper of Vietnam’s U19 division. D. The Bui brothers played at AFC U23 Championship. Question 67. How is Bui Tien Dung in the field described? A. He is a likable young man who is very respectful to others and speaks very little. B. He is a handsome but a fierce man. C. He is a nice young man with many girl fans. D. He is a fierce competitor and an unyielding goalkeeper ĐỀ THI THỬ THPTQG 2019 – CÔ TRANG ANH – ĐỀ 5 – TẬP 1 Exercise 10:Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, c, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Successful students often do the followings while studying. First, they have an overview before reading. Next, they look for important information and pay greater attention to it [which often needs jumping forward or backward to process information). They also relate important points to one another. Also, they activate and use their prior knowledge. When they realize that their understanding is not good, they do not wait to change strategies. Last, they can monitor understanding and take action to correct or "fix up" mistakes in comprehension. Conversely, students with low academic achievement often demonstrate ineffective study skills. They tend to assume a passive role, in learning and rely on others (e.g., teachers, parents) to monitor their studying, for example, low-achieving students often do not monitor their understanding of content; they may not be aware of the purpose of studying; and they show little evidence of looking back, or employing
16. "fix-up” strategies to fix understanding problems. Students who struggle with learning new information seem to be unaware that they must extent effort beyond simply reading the content to understand and remember it Children with learning disabilities do not plan and judge the quality of their studying. Their studying may be disorganized. Students with learning problems face challenges with personal organization as well. They often have difficulty keeping track of materials and assignments, following directions, and completing work on time. Unlike good studiers who employ a variety of study skills in a flexible yet purposeful manner, low-achieving students use a restricted range of study skills. They cannot explain why good study strategies are important for learning; and they tend to use the same, often ineffective study approach for all learning tasks, ignoring task content, structure or difficulty. (Source: Adapted from Study Skills: Managing Your Learning — NUl Galway) Question 68. What is the topic of the passage? A. Successful and low-academic achieving students B. Successful learners and their learning strategies C. Study skills for high school students D. Effective and ineffective ways of learning Question 69. The word “prior" in the first paragraph is closest meaning to ? A. important B. earlier C. forward D. good Question 70. Which of the following could best replace the word "Conversely" in paragraph 2? A. On the contrary B. In contrast C. On the other hand D. all are correct Question 71: According to the passage, what can be learnt about passive students? A. They depend on other people to organize their learning B. They are slow in their studying C. They monitor their understanding D. They know the purpose of studying Question 72: Which of the followings is NOT an evidence of monitoring studying? A. Being aware of the purpose of studying B. Monitoring their understanding of content C. Fixing up mistakes in understanding D. Looking at their backs Question 73: According to the passage, to learn new information, low-achieving students do NOT . A. just understand it B. relate it to what they have known C. simply remember it D. read it Question 74: In compared with low-achieving students, successful students use . A. aimless study techniques B. various study skills C. restricted strategies D. inflexible study ways Question 75: The underlined pronoun "They" in the last sentence refers to . A. study strategies B. study skills C. low-achieving students D. good studiers
17. ĐỀ THI THỬ THPTQG 2019 – CÔ TRANG ANH – ĐỀ 5 – TẬP 1 Exercise 11: Read the following passage and mark the fetter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Facebook users spend an average of more than 15 hours a month on the social networking site. While there are plenty who caution against such intensive use — and there are a number of studies detailing the harm Facebook could potentially cause — there also are lots of reports extolling the site's virtues. As the social media giant prepares for its upcoming initial public offering, here are some ways Facebook just might be good for you. Spending time on Facebook can help people relax, slow down their heart rate and decrease stress levels, according to researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the University of Milan. In a study published earlier this year, researchers studied 30 students and found that a natural high was sparked when they were on the social media network that led to the relaxed heart rates and lower levels of stress and tension. In the study, the students were monitored in three situations: looking at panoramic landscapes, performing complicated mathematical equations and using Facebook. While the first situation was the most relaxing to students and the math problems were the most stressful, the time on Facebook uncovered high levels of attractiveness and arousal. The findings support the researchers' hypothesis that Facebook's success, as well as that of other social media networks, correlates to the specific positive mental and physical state users experience. While many may argue that social media networks only distract employees, research shows the opposite may be true. Research from Keas.com found that a 10-minute Facebook b reak m a k es employees happier, healthier and more productive. The study examined workers in three groups: one that was allowed no breaks, one that was allowed to do anything but use the Internet and one that was allowed 10 minutes to use the Internet and Facebook. The Facebook group was found to be 16 percent more productive than the group that was not allowed to use the Internet and nearly 40 percent more productive than the group that was allowed no breaks. "Short and unobtrusive breaks, such as a quick surf on the Internet, enables the mind to rest itself, leading to a higher net total concentration for a day's work, and as a result, increased productivity," said Brent Coker of the department of management and marketing at the University of Melbourne in Australia. Facebook is also in the business of matchmaking. Research shows that nearly 60 percent of singles will friend someone new on Facebook after meeting them in person. If they like what they see, 25 percent are likely to contact their new love interest via Facebook. Once the courting is over, nearly 40 percent of those social networking adults will update their relationship status on Facebook, with just 24 percent telling their friends first. Facebook use between couples will continue through the dating process, the research shows. Throughout the day, 79 percent of couples said they send partners Facebook messages or chat on the social network. In addition, more than 60 percent would post romantic messages on their significant other's Facebook wall. When the relationship
18. ends, more than half of those surveyed immediately update their status to single, which automatically sends out a notification to their friend list to start the dating cycle over again. (Source: Question 76: Which of the following could be the main idea of the passage? A. The benefits that Facebook might bring you. B. The disadvantages that Facebook causes in the modern life. C. The classes are most influenced by Facebook. D. The functions that are used most on Facebook. Question 77: The word "sparked" in the second paragraph probably means ___ _. A. produced B. reduced C. prevented D. controlled Question 78: According to paragraph 2, what do the scientists discover in their study? A. Spending too much time on Facebook may increase levels of pressure and heart disease, B. Students often suffer from stress when they are working with something related to mathematics. C. Facebook can make its users more optimistic and aroused. D. The success of Facebook may motivate the development of other social networks. Question 79: The word "one" in paragraph 3 refers to _. A. the study B. a group C. the Internet D. a research Question 80: Why does Facebook motivate the productivity of employees? A. Because the Internet distracts users to take breaks out of work. B. Because it helps people refresh their mind and then enhance the concentration on work. C. Because employees are happy with what they read on the Face book. D. Because they are allowed to relax after a hard work. Question 81: The word "courting" in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to _. A. dating B. marriage C. divorce D.making acquaintance Question 82: Which of the following is NOT correct about the impact of Facebook on users' relationship? A. More than half of single people tend to make new friends on Facebook after a face-to- face contact B. Married people often use Facebook to keep in touch with their spouse. C. Not many people change the relationship status to single after their breakdown. D. Adults are more likely to update their relationship status on Facebook than to tell their friends about that. Question 83: Which of the following could best describe the tone of the passage? A. Informative B. Argumentative C. Sarcastic D. Ironic ĐỀ THI THỬ THPTQG 2019 – CÔ TRANG ANH – ĐỀ 6 – TẬP 1 Exercise 12:Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Environmental pollution is one of the impacts of human activities on the Earth. Pollution occurs when pollutants contaminate the natural surroundings; which brings about changes that affect our normal
19. lifestyles adversely. Pollution disturbs our ecosystem and the balance in the environment. Pollution occurs in different forms; air, water, soil, radioactive, noise, heat/ thermal and light Let us discuss the causes and effects of air pollution on mankind and the environment as a whole. Air pollution is the most prominent and dangerous form of pollution. It occurs due to many reasons. Excessive burning of fuel which is a necessity of our daily lives for cooking, driving and other industrial activities; releases a huge amount of chemical substances in the air every day; these pollute the air. Smoke from chimneys, factories, vehicles or burning of wood basically occurs due to coal burning; this releases sulphur dioxide into the air making it toxic. The effects of air pollution are evident too. The increase in the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere leads to smog which can restrict sunlight from reaching the earth. Thus, preventing plants in the process of photosynthesis. Gases like sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxide (NO) can cause acid rain. The decrease in quality of air leads to several respiratory problems including asthma or l u n g cancer. Chest pain, congestion, throat inflammation, cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease are some o f diseases that can be caused by air pollution. The emission of greenhouse gases particularly CO2 is leading to global warming. Every other day new industries are being set up, new vehicles come on roads and trees are cut to make way for new homes. All of them, in direct or indirect way lead to increase in CO2 in the environment. The increase in CO2 leads to melting of polar ice caps which increases the sea level and pose danger for the people living near coastal areas. Ozone layer is the thin shield high up in the sky that stops ultra violet rays from reaching the earth. As a result of human activities, chemicals, such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), were released into the atmosphere which contributed to the depletion of ozone layer. Question 84: What does the passage mainly discuss? A. How pollutants contaminate the natural surroundings B. The causes and effects of air pollution. C. Our ecosystem and the balance in the environment D. Some solutions to air pollution. Question 85: The word "these" in paragraph 2 refers to
20. (Source: A. chemical substances B. industrial activities C. our daily lives D. excessive burning of fuel for cooking, driving Question 86: How many diseases are mentioned in the passage? A. 5 B. 6 C. 7 D. 8 Question 87: The word "respiratory" in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to A. connected with the digestion of food B. connected with breathing C. connected with the skeleton of a person D. connected with the body's brain Question 88: According to paragraph 5, air pollution contributes to the greenhouse effect which can lead to A. global warming B. polar ice melting C. increase in CO2 in the environment D. global warming, polar ice melting, rise of sea levels and danger for people. Question 89: According to the passage, which of the following sentences is NOT true? A. Ozone layer can't stop ultra violet rays from reaching the earth anymore. B. The toxic air is caused by sulphur dioxide which is released from coal burning. C. When the amount of CO2 in the air increases, it prevents plants in the process of photosynthesis. D. There are other different types of pollution besides air pollution. Question 90: Which of the following can be inferred from the passage? A. The more modern our lives become, the more serious the pollution is. B. People can control air pollution soon in the future. C. Only air pollution is dangerous and has a negative impact on humans and the environment. D. CO2 is the cause of the depletion of ozone layer. ĐỀ THI THỬ THPTQG 2019 – CÔ TRANG ANH – ĐỀ 6 – TẬP 1 Exercise 13: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Translators and interpreters for tech jobs of the future are expected to be one of the fastest growing occupations in the nation, according to a just released survey by Vietnamworks. Almost all positions for programmers, application developers, database and network administrators, engineers, designers, architects, scientists, technicians, and tech support will require bilingual or multilingual fluency. In just the last two years the demand for tech professionals with foreign language skills has increased more than two and one-half fold, said the survey, and the uptick shows no signs of abating anytime soon. Roughly 400,000 jobs are expected to open for interpreters (who focus on spoken language) and translators (who focus on written language) in the tech segment, between 2017 and 2020, says Tran Anh Tuan. Tuan, who works for the Centre for Forecasting Manpower Needs and Labour Market Information in Ho Chi Minh City doesn't include other industries in his prediction,
21. which are also recruiting ferociously for more people with these same language skills. While that claim might seem a bit overblown (and amounts to little more than a guess by Tuan), it is clear that innovative technologies like robotics, 3D printing, drones, artificial intelligence and virtual reality will create major upheavals in all sorts of labor markets, not just technology over the next few years. In the last month alone, most every job posted on employment websites throughout Vietnam included the word bilingual. Far higher salaries go to people who work in high tech positions and can speak a foreign language such as English in addition to Vietnamese, says Tran Quang Anh from the Posts and Telecommunications Institute of Technology. Unfortunately, the surveys show that most graduating Vietnamese students are unable to do more than understand a few basic phrases of foreign languages, and practically none of them can speak any foreign language coherently, The good paying jobs with high salaries and benefits are only available to translators and interpreters who specialize in high tech jobs, says Anh. But it's not just English— graduates are needed with fluency in middle eastern languages like Arabic, Farsi and Pashto (Afghani) as well as German, Japanese and Korean to name just a few. Spanish i s also in high demand in Vietnam, primarily because it is the second most common language in the US after English. A recent tech expo in Hanoi sponsored by Vietnamworks and the Navigos Group attracted nearly 4,000 young tech graduates and recruiters from 14 leading companies looking to fill job vacancies with skilled bilingual workers. The job applicants were young and industrious, said the recruiters. However, missing were candidates with the requisite language skills and most lacked basic 'soft skills' such as written and verbal communication abilities to effectively communicate even in their native Vietnamese language. Notably, the recruiters said they considered language abilities and soft skills just as, if not more important, than academic ability. Yet virtually all the prospective academically qualified employees lacked even the most basic of interpersonal communication abilities. (Source: Question 91: Which of the following could be the main idea of the passage? A. The most popular jobs in Vietnam's job markets. B. The necessity of foreign languages in most tech jobs. C. The skills needed in tech jobs nowadays. D. Vietnamese students are not aware of the importance of learning foreign languages. Question 92: According to the passage, interpreters and translators are described as the jobs that . A. are decreasing dramatically in the number of employees. B. there are not enough employees for technology companies to recruit. C. the requirements have risen considerably and steadily. D. are expected to experience a downward trend in the near future. Question 93: The word "upheavals" in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ___.
22. A. upward displacements B. upward disruptions C. downward changes D. downward problems Question 94: Which of the following is TRUE about employment in Vietnam according to Tran Quang Anh from the Posts and Telecommunications Institute of Technology? A. People whose major in foreign languages is high tech often earn high salaries. B. The demand of interpreters and translators in the workforce is not as much as what people believe. C. Not only technology but also other jobs are putting more pressure on language skills. D. Foreign languages in Vietnam are only needed in the posts on websites. Question 95: What does the word "them" in paragraph 4 refer to? A. foreign languages B. a few basic phrases C. Vietnamese students D. the surveys Question 96: The word "requisite" in paragraph 5 could best be replaced by _. A. shortage B. necessity C. specification D. measurement Question 97: What can be inferred from the passage? A. Academic ability is much more important than foreign languages and soft skills, B. To get a good job nowadays, applicants must know more than a language and be good at other soft skills. C. Written and verbal communication abilities determine the opportunity of applicants to get a desirable job. D. Translators and interpreters are suitable for any position in the work markets. Question 98: Which of the following most accurately reflects the attitude of the author towards improving foreign language skills? A. neutral B. skeptical C. supportive D. sensitive ĐỀ THI THỬ THPTQG 2019 – CÔ TRANG ANH – ĐỀ 7– TẬP 1 Exercise 14:Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. On March 15, Dunes View Middle School held a contest for school bands. Student bands tried out for the opportunity to perform at the school picnic, which will be held at the end of June. The winner of the contest was the band called Four Square. "We're very proud that we won the contest and are excited to perform at the picnic," says Peter Zandt, who plays the guitar in the band. "And since we hope to perform someday at other local places, like restaurants and parks, this will be a great first step." The contest was the creation of music teacher Mr. Lopez and drama teacher Ms. Cho. The two thought of the idea while discussing recent years' school picnics. "The picnic is one of the biggest events of the year, but it has become a bit formulaic ," said Ms. Cho. "The activities are the same every year. We thought that a performance by a student band would make the school picnic more interesting and fun." Mr. Lopez, Ms. Cho, and three other teachers judged the contest, which took place in the gym.
23. Eight student bands signed up to audition. The bands varied in their musical forms: there were several rock bands, a folk band, and even a jazz band. "I'm disappointed that my band didn't win, but I think the judges made the right choice," says student Marisol Varga, a member of t h e f o l k t r i o called The Bell Girls. "Four Square is really excellent." To see if the bands could present a wide range of musical skills, the teachers asked them each to prepare two songs: one song with original words, and another in which students played instrumental music only. The judges finally chose the band Four Square as the winner of the contest. Four Square is a rock band with an unusual twist: it includes a violin player! The members of Four Square write their own songs and practice three times a week after school. Students and teachers agreed that the band competition was a big success. All are looking forward to the school picnic in June. (Source: Question 99: Which would be the most appropriate headline for the article? A. Famous Band Visits School B. Teachers Give Music Lessons C. Students Have Fun at School Picnic D. School Holds Student Band Contest Question 100: What is probably true about school picnics in recent years? A. They were heldin March. B. They were not very exciting. C. They were very hard to organize. D. They included musical performances Question 101: The word formulaic is closest in meaning to _. A. expensive B. uncertain C.long D. dull Question 102: What type of band is NOT mentioned in the article? A. Pop B. jazz C.Folk D. Rock Question 103: Why did the teachers ask each band to play two songs? A. To decide which songs to play at the picnic B. To see if the bands could play a variety of songs C. To make sure the contest did not go on too long D. To make the concert more enjoyable for students Question 104: According to the article, what is unusual about the band Four Square? A. It is named after a popular children's game. B. Its members practice several times a week. C. It is a rock band with a violinist. D. Its members all play guitar. Question 105: According to the article, what does the band Four Square hope to do in the future? A. Perform at the school picnicevery year B. Perform in many different places C. Buy new instruments D. Record an album ĐỀ THI THỬ THPTQG 2019 – CÔ TRANG ANH – ĐỀ 7– TẬP 1 Exercise 15: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to
24. indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. China - Missing Women In China the growing difference between the genders is giving signals of alarm to Government authorities. According to the latest census figures, 119 boys are born for every 100 girls. [A■] This striking difference is expected to shoot up by the year 2020 with almost 40 million unsettled bachelors. This distribution of the social ecology would create havoc in the future. The social leaders are trying to pressurize the masses into producing more females. The Government has embarked on policies extending innumerable incentives to the families bearing girls. Monetary support, free education, guaranteed employment is being gifted to parents who gift the country with a girl child. The Government is trying to persuade people to suppress their personal preferences and regulate their community behavior according to the new blueprint to stimulate the girl ratio. [B■] Sometimes the Government tries to woo them and sometimes it uses stein policies to force them into it Consequent to the population explosion, the Government introduced, in the 80's, one child policy in China. Any additional pregnancy had to be terminated. This was aimed to put a check on the teeming millions. [C■] The policy had no relation to extermination of girl child in the womb. But the policymakers had no idea about its long term impact. People, with a patriarchic mindset, came up with their preference for a single male child. The idea of a happy family became 'parents with a single male child'. The Chinese culture has always promoted sons over daughters because the society has been dominated by males. In villages, where hard work is needed to sustain the agriculture, a boy is always preferable due to his superior physical strength compared to that of a girl. [D■] In such circumstances, looking forward to a male baby seems justified. If people have to limit their families, it is obvious they would prefer a boy over a girl child. This problem has been accentuated by the use of ultrasound scanning which helps determine the sex of the fetus. This technology has played a crucial role in creating gender imbalance. (Source: haps://goo.gilryW765) Question 106: The word "havoc" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ? A. ordinary problem B. great destruction and trouble C. serious dispute D. an infectious disease Question 107: What is the main first of paragraph 1? A. Government is providing incentives to girls. B. Government is trying to decipher implications of the census records. C. Government is devising polices to undermine the position of boys in the society. D. Government is extending incentives to encourage parents with single girls Question 108: What is the "blueprint" as discussed in paragraph 1? A. It is a list of rules for the Chinese people to follow to maintain population control. B. It is a rough plan for regulating community behavior.
25. C. It is the Government's plan containing details of regulations and incentives to improve the girl child ratio. D. It is a printed guide for conduct rules governing sex ratio. Question 109: The word "teeming" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to A. overflowing B. female population C. couples D. general population Question 110: What was the vision behind the government's policy discussed in paragraph 2? A. The vision about China with women at top positions in the government B. The vision for China to control its burgeoning population in near future C. The vision about a female dominated society D. The vision that Chinese young men and women would find life partners among themselves Question 111: Which of the following is NOT correct about the one child policy in China? A. Each Chinese family was allowed to have only one child, B. Although the additional pregnancy was a girl child, it also had to be terminated. C. The one child policy was introduced by the Chinese government in the 1980s. D. With the purpose of controlling the population explosion, the Government introduced one child policy in China. Question 112: Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentence can be added to the passage: “Another reason is that daughters have to leave their parents after marriage to enrich their husband's family.” Where would the sentence best fit? [A■] [B■] [C■] [D■] ĐỀ THI THỬ THPTQG 2019 – CÔ TRANG ANH – ĐỀ 8– TẬP 1 Exercise 16:Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Overpopulation, the situation of having large numbers of people with too few resources and too little space, is closely associated with poverty. It can result from high population density, or from low amounts of resources, or from both. Excessively high population densities put stress on available resources. Only a certain number of people can be supported on a given area o f l a n d , and that number depends on how much food and other resources the land can provid e. In countries where people live primarily by means of simple farming, gardening, herding, hunting, and gathering, even large areas of land can support only small numbers of people because these labour intensive subsistence activities produce only small amounts of food. In developed countries such as the United States, Japan, and the countries of Western Europe, overpopulation generally is not considered a major cause of poverty. These countries produce large quantitics of food through mechanized farming, which depends on commercial fertilizers, large-scale irrigation, and agricultural machinery. This form of production provides enough food to support the high densities of people in metropolitan areas.
26. A country's level of poverty can depend greatly on its mix of population density and agricultural productivity. Bangladesh, for example, has one of the world's highest population densities, with 1,147 persons per sq km. A large majority of the people of Bangladesh engage in low - productivity manual farming, which contributes to the country's extremely high level of poverty. Some of the smaller countries in Western Europe, such as the Netherlands and Belgium, have high population densities as well. These countries practise mechanized farming and are involved in high- tech industries, however, and therefore have high standards of living. At the other end of the spectrum, many countries in sub-Saharan Africa have population densities of less than 30 persons per sq km. Many people in these countries practise manual subsistence farming; these countries also have infertile land, and lack the economic resources and technology to boost productivity. As a consequence, these nations are very poor. The United Slates has both relatively low population density and high agricultural productivity; it is one of the world's wealthiest nations. High birth rates contribute to overpopulation in many developing countries. Children are assets to many poor families because the provide labour, usually for farming. Cultural norms in traditionally rural societies commonly sanction the value of large families. Also, the governments of developing countries often provide little or no support, financial or political, for family planning; even people who wish to keep their families small have difficulty doing so. For all these reasons, developing countries lend to have high rates of population growth. (Trich dg thi THPTQGWarn 2015) Question 113: Which of the following is given a definition in paragraph 1? A. Overpopulation B. Population density C. Simple farming D. Poverty Question 114: What will suffer when there are excessively high population densities? A. Available resources B. Skilled labor C. Farming methods D. Land area Question 115: The phrase "that number" in paragraph 1 refers to the number of _. A. people B. densities C. resources D. countries Question 116: In certain countries, large areas of land can only yield small amounts of food because . A. there is a lack of mechanization B. there are small numbers of labourers C. there is on abundance of resources D. there is no shortage of skilled labour Question 117: Bangladesh is a country where the level of poverty depends greatly on ___ _. A. its population density only B. both population density and agricultural productivity C. population density in metropolitan areas D. its high agricultural productivity Question 118: The word "infertile" in paragraph 4 probably means ___ _. A. disused B. impossible C. unproductive D. inaccessible Question 119: Which of the following is a contributor to overpopulation in many developing countries?
27. A. High-tech facilities B. Economic resources C. Sufficient financial support D. High birth rate Question 120: Which of the following could be the best title for the passage? A. High Birth Rate and its Consequences B. Overpopulation; A Cause of Poverty C. Overpopulation: A Worldwide Problem D. Poverty in Developing Countries ĐỀ THI THỬ THPTQG 2019 – CÔ TRANG ANH – ĐỀ 8– TẬP 1 Exercise 17: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. If you could travel back in time five centuries, you'd encounter a thriving Aztec empire in Central Mexico, a freshly painted "Mona Lisa" in Renaissance Europe and cooler temperatures across the Northern Hemisphere. This was a world in the midst of the Little Ice Age (A.D. 1300 to 1850) and a period of vast European exploration now known as the Age of Discovery. But what if we could look 500 years into the future and glimpse the Earth of the 26th century? Would the world seem as different to us as the 21st century would have seemed to residents of the 16th century? For starters, what will the weather be like? Depending on whom you ask, the 26th century will either be a little chilly or infernally hot. Some solar output models suggest that by the 2500s, Earth's climate will have cooled back down to near Little Ice Age conditions. Other studies predict that ongoing climate change and fossil fuel use will render much of the planet too hot for human life by 2300. Some experts date the beginning of human climate change back to the Industrial Revolution in the 1800s, others to slash-and-burn agricultural practices in prehistoric times. Either w ay, t o o l- wielding humans alter their environment and our 26th century tools might be quite impressive indeed. Theoretical physicist and futurist Michio Kaku predicts that in a mere 100 years, humanity will make the leap from a type zero civilization to a type I civilization on the Kardashev Scale. In other words, we'll become a species that can harness the entire sum of a planet's energy. Wielding such power, 26th-century humans will be masters of clean energy technologies such as fusion and solar power. Furthermore, they'll be able to manipulate planetary energy in order to control global climate. Physicist Freeman Dyson, on the other hand, estimates the leap to a type I civilization would occur within roughly 200 years. Technology has improved exponentially since the 1500s, and this pace will likely continue in the centuries to come. Physicist Stephen Hawking proposes that by the year 2600, this growth would see 10 new theoretical physics papers published every 10 seconds. If Moore's Law holds true and both computer speed and complexity double every 18 months, then some of these studies may be the work of highly intelligent machines. What other technologies will shape the world of the 26th century? Futurist and author Adrian Berry believes the average human life span will reach 140 years and that the digital storage of human personalities will enable a kind of computerized immortality. Humans will farm
28. the oceans, travel in starships and reside in both lunar and Martian colonies while robots explore the outer cosmos. (Source: haps://science,howstuffworks.com) Question 121: Which of the following could be the main idea of the passage? A. How would the world change in the next 500 years? B. What would we do in the next five centuries? C. What problems would happen in the 26th century? D. How would technology improve the life in the far future? Question 122: The word “infernally” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _. A. differently B. extremely C. permanently D. contemporaneously Question 123: According to the passage, what do experts predict about the weather in the future? A. The temperature will decline as much as possible because of the excessive fossil fuel use. B. The Little Ice Age will return due to the influence of solar energy. C. The Earth will have to face with extreme weather like frost or scorching period. D. The climate change will happen more quickly because of deforestation. Question 124: The word "harness" in paragraph 4 could best be replaced by ___ _. A. renew B. adjust C. exploit D. discover Question 125: What does the word "they" in paragraph 4 refer to? A. fusion and solar energy B. clean energy technologies C. masters D. 26th - century humans Question 126: Which of the following is TRUE about the future predictions? A. Michio Kaku believes that the progress from type 0 to type I civilization will take about two centuries. B. People in the 2500s are likely to control the energy of the Earth to limit the global climate. C. The speed of technology improvement will remain changeable in the far future. D. Solar energy will be the main power for the 26th -century citizens. Question 127: According to Adrian Berry, the following are what future humans can do, EXCEPT . A. cultivating in the oceans B. traveling between the stars C. exploring the universe by robots D. living as long as they want Question 128: It can be inferred from the passage that ___ _. A. no one could be sure what the life would be like in the 2500s. B. what we imagine about the life in the 26th century may be the same what the 16th- ceritury people thought about the current life. C. the predictions of different scientists may draw the same world in the next 500 years.
29. D. technology will affect most of the fields in the future life. ĐỀ THI THỬ THPTQG 2019 – CÔ TRANG ANH – ĐỀ 9– TẬP 1 Exercise 18:Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions In Africa, people celebrate with joy the birth of a new baby. The Pygmies would sing a birth- song to the child. In Kenya, the mother takes the baby strapped to her back into the thorn enclosure where the cattle is kept. There, her husband and the village elders wait to give the child his or her name. In West Africa, after the baby is eight days old, the mother takes the baby for it's first walk in the big, wide world, and friends and family are invited to meet the new baby. In various African nations, they hold initiation ceremonies for groups of children instead of birthdays. When children reach a certain designated age, they learn the laws, beliefs, customs, songs and dances of t h e i r t r i b es, Some African tribes consider that children from nine to twelve are ready to be initiated into the grown up world. They may have to carry out several tests. Masai boys around thirteen years old to seventeen undergo a two stage initiation. The first stage lasts about three months. The boys leave their parents' homes, paint their bodies white, and are taught how to become young warriors. At the end of this stage, they have their heads shaved and they are also circumcised. The second stage, the young warriors grow their hair long and live in a camp called a manyatta where they practice hunting the wild animals that might attack the Masai herds. This stage may last a few years. When they are ready, they will marry and become owners of large cattle herds like their fathers. The girls are initiated when they are fourteen or fifteen. They are taught by the older women about the duties of marriage and how to care for babies. Soon after that they are married and lead a life similar to that of their mothers. Question 129: What does the passage mainly discuss? A. Celebrations for a new child in Africa. B. Birthday ceremonies for children in Africa.
30. (Source: C. Traditions of Masai people when having a new baby. D. Activities in a birth celebration. Question 130: Where do the father and older villagers in Kenya give the name to the child? A. in the village B. at the place to keep the cattle C. at their house D. at the fence of the cattle's cages. Question 131: Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 2? A. An eight-day-old child will be taken for the first walk by his or her mother. B. Children have to learn their tribes' cultures and traditions when they are old enough. C. Children are prepared for a mature life when being met by friends and family. D. Children are likely to overcome some tests to enter the grown-up world. Question 132: The word "undergo" in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to ___ _. A. commence B. experience C. participate in D. explore Question 133: The word "shaved" in paragraph 3 mostly means ___ _. A. cut the hair off with a razor B. tie the hair with a hairpin C. dye the hair with another color D. cover the hair with a hat Question 134: What does the word "they" in paragraph 3 refer to? A. the Masai herds B. the wild animals C. the young warriors D. the ir heads Question 135: What do the girls have to learn in their initiation? A. How to take care of her husband and family in the future. B. The responsibilities of marriage and the way to look after their children. C. Homemaking and childbearing. D. How to lead a life after marriage and giving birth to a child. 130 ĐỀ THI THỬ THPTQG 2019 – CÔ TRANG ANH – ĐỀ 9– TẬP 1 Exercise 19: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. EDUCATION IN THE FUTURE Education is another area of social life in which information technology is changing the way we communicate. Today's college students may not simply sit in a lecture or a library to learn about their field. Through their computers and the wonders of virtual reality they can participate in lifelike simulated experiences. Consider the following scenario of the future of education made possible through developments in information technology. For children over the age of 10, daily attendance at schools is not compulsory. Some of the older children attend school only once or twice weekly to get tutorial support or instruction from a teacher. For the most part, pupils are encouraged to work online from home. Students must complete a minimum number
31. of study hours per year; however, they may make up these hours by studying at home at times that suit their family schedule. They can log on early or late in the day and even join live classes in other countries. In order to ensure that each student is learning adequately, computer software will automatically monitor the number of hours a week each student studies online as well as that students' learning materials and assessment activities. Reports will
32. be available for parents and
33. teachers. The software can then identify the best learning activities and condition for each individual student and generate similar activities. It can also identify areas of weak achievement and produce special programs adjusted to the students' needs. (Source: cons/) Question 136. What is the topic of the passage? A. The effect of information technology on education. B. Students don't have to go to school any more. C. Computer software will make sure students learn at home. D. Students can know about their weak aspects to focus. Question 137. How many times are children who are older than 10 required to go to school weekly? A. No time B. Onceor twice C. Three D. Four Question 138. Which of the following could best replace the word "encouraged"? A. discouraged B. emboldened C. allowed D. banned Question 139. The word "they" in paragraph 2 refers to . A. students B. study hours C. children D. Older children Question 140. Who/What counts the number of hours per week that students spend learning? A. Virtual reality B. Teacher C. Parents D. Computer software Question 141. What CAN'T the software do? A. Monitor the time the students learn. B. Design materials for the students. C. Find out the best activities for the students. D. Identify weaknesses of the students. Question 142. What is NOT mentioned as a benefit of information technology to the students? A. Students can stay at home to learn. B. Students can learn at times that suit their schedule. C. Students' learning time won't be monitored. D. Students' weak achievement can be identified. ĐỀ THI THỬ THPTQG 2019 – CÔ TRANG ANH – ĐỀ 10– TẬP 1 Exercise 20:Read the following passage and mark the letter A, 13, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. The Rise of Robots As kids, our grandparents frequently scared us by talking about how difficult life was when they were growing up. They mentioned walking miles to school in the snow, or doing hours of manual labour for little pay. Life has changed greatly since then, and it seems to get easier year by year. In fact, with the help of robots we soon might have to do much at all. But is this a good thing? By 2030, ifs estimated that robotics will be a $10 billion business worldwide. Companies are already starting to integrate them into the workforce. The electronics manufacturer Foxconn is drawing up plans
34. to launch a factory within the next 10 years that's completely staffed by robot workers. Meanwhile, an American company Briggo has invented a robot that serves gourmet-quality coffee to customers. With the push of a button it will crush coffee beans, measure exact quantities of water, and even wave a steam wand to ensure customers get the perfect cream on top. Unlike human baristas, it can serve multiple drinks at once and work all day and night without a break. Robots are also invading our homes. The Rooma is a mini-robot that vacuums rooms automatically according to a schedule. The Robomow is a device that will cut the grass for you while you sit in the shade. Then there's the Nanda clocky, an alarm clock that makes sure that even the deepest sleepers get up on time. The clock is attached to a pair of wheels, and it will randomly move around the room. Once you finally catch it, you're probably too awake to hit the snooze button. Although these early home robots are somewhat basic, they will likely become more capable as times goes on. Although robots certainly help us to eliminate tedious tasks, many people are concerned about a future filled with robots. Some fear that humanity will start to decline if machines do everything for us. Others have even warned about the robot rebellion, in which robots become so smart that they may decide to turn on their masters. These ideas may seem a bit far-fetched, but there are certainly lots of questions that need to be answered before everyone opens up to the idea of a robotic future. (Source: Question 143. How is Briggo's invention superior to human workers? A. It is more knowledgeable about coffee-making. B. It is better at conversation. C. It never has to stop. D. It can operate machinery. Question 144. What would happen if you pressed the snooze button? A. You would have to wake up immediately B. The alarm clock would turn off forever C. The alarm would stop, but go off again soon D. Nothing would happen at all Question 145. Which of the following is NOT true about the concerns over robots? A. It takes some time for people to accept robots. B. Robots may do some harm to humans. C. The idea of robotics may seem far-fetched. D. Robots may be dominant at the workplace. Question 146. The word "tedious" in the last paragraph mostly means ___ _. A. boring B. difficult C. intelligent D. expensive Question 147. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. Some reasons why people don't accept robots yet. B. A very amusing science-fiction story about robots. C. How people in local communities are supporting robots. D. A few of the lastest robots on the market today. Question 148. According to the first paragraph, how is the life changed since our parents time?
35. A. The education system has got much worse B. Things aren't as hard as they once were C. Children have to walk longer distance to school D. It hasn't changed much at all Question 149. All of the following are true about robots EXCEPT that ___ _. A. they can work all day and night without break B. they have greater capabilities C. they can draw up plans to launch a story D. they can do boring tasks for human Question 150. We can infer from the passage that ___. A. present domestic robots can work without any programs B. the communication will decline with the use of robots C. a robot rebellion can happen daily D. robotics will have been a major business by 2030 ĐỀ THI THỬ THPTQG 2019 – CÔ TRANG ANH – ĐỀ 10– TẬP 1 Exercise 21: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. The blue whale is the largest animal ever known to have existed. During the 20th century, the species was almost exterminated due to commercial whaling. The species has slowly recovered following the global whaling ban but it remains endangered and faces a number of serious threats including ship strikes and the impact of climate change. Blue whales are simply enormous with most ranging in length from 24-30 m. The largest ever recorded was a gargantuan 33.5 m long. Females are up to 10 m longer than males. And they can weigh up to 200 tonnes. Just to put that in perspective: an adult male African elephant weighs 6 tonnes. The blue whale's heart is the size of a small car and its beat can be detected two miles away. But that's nothing compared to their calls. Blue whales are the loudest animals on earth and their calls are louder than a jet engine: reaching 188 decibels, while a jet's engine hit 'just' 140 decibels. Apart from their gigantic size, blue whales can be identified by their relatively small dorsal fin, a fairly rounded rostrum (anterior part of the skull), and approximately 90 ventral grooves, which reach the navel. They also have row of 300-400 baleen plates on each side of the mouth, which are black in color and range in length from 50 cm in front to 100 cm in back. Blue whales mostly travel alone or in groups of 2-3. Larger groups of up to 60 whales have been reported and are probably associated with feeding grounds. However, the blue whale has the most powerful voice in the animal kingdom and its low-frequency sounds can travel in deep water over hundreds, or even thousands, of miles. Under these circumstances, animals which may appear to us to be traveling alone may actually be in constant contact with one another. At birth, a blue whale calf is the largest baby on earth: approximately 8m long and weighing about 4 tonnes. They grow at a rate of 90 kg per day and wean after 7-8 months, once they have reached about
36. 15 m in length, and are able to follow the normal migration pattern alone. They reach sexual maturity at 5-10 years. This growth rate is astonishing and is probably the fastest in the animal kingdom. From conception to weaning, it represents a several billion-fold increase in tissue in just over a year and a half. Like other baleen whales, the blue whale has no teeth so it is hard to tell its age but scientists believe they live until at least 50. Like other large whales, blue whales are threatened by chemical and sound pollution, habitat loss, overfishing of krill, ship strikes and becoming entangled in fishing gear. Climate change could also have a major impact on its food supply, since global warming and associated ocean acidification may impact krill populations. In addition, frontal zones - critical whale habitats - are projected to move further south due to climate change. Frontal zones are boundaries between different water masses, where water can rise from the depths, bringing with it large amounts of nutrients that stimulate the growth of phytoplankton and support substantial populations of prey species for whales. Blue whales would have to migrate further (perhaps 200-500 km more) to reach and feed at these food-rich areas where they build up reserves to sustain themselves for the rest of the year. These longer migration paths could increase the energy costs of migration and reduce the duration of the main feeding season. As frontal zones move southward, they also move closer together, reducing the overall area of foraging habitat available. (Source: Question 151: What is the purpose of the author in the passage? A. To provide basic information about the blue whale and its major threats. B. To prove that the blue whale is the biggest mammal on the Earth. C. To give evidence of how the blue whale changes the habit and feeding grounds. D. To raise people's awareness of the extinction of the blue whale, Question 152: Which of the following is NOT correct about the blue whale's physical description? A. It is very easy to discover the appearance of a blue whale via its heart beat B. Male blue whales are the longest in their species. C. The calls of the blue whale are louder than those of any animals on the Earth. D. A small dorsal fin is also the identity of the blue whale. Question 153: According to the passage, why isn't a blue whale lonely when it travels alone? A. Because most of other blue whales also travel alone. B. Because it can contact with others through their powerful voice. C. Because it shares the same feeding grounds with others. D. Because other blue whales will appear when it reaches the destination. Question 154: What does the word "wean" in paragraph 4 mean? A. stop feeding a calf with its mother's milkB. stop growing as fast as before C. begin living independently D. begin trying to find food Question 155: The word "entangled" in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to _. A. endangered B. disappeared C. ensnared D. attracted Question 156: What does the word "it" in the last paragraph refer to?
37. A. the depth B. water C. water mass D. climate change Question 157: According to the last paragraph, how does climate change affect the blue whale? A. It increases the acidity in the ocean, which makes the water polluted. B. It impacts on the tide which contains a lot of nutrients to feed the blue whale's prey. C. It makes the blue whale travel farther south to find feeding grounds. D. It encourages frontal zones so that the blue whale cannot move around. Question 158: It can be inferred from the passage that ___ _. A. Human activities are one of the primary reasons for the decline of the blue whale's population. B. The blue whale is the animal that has the longest life expectancy. C. Despite being the largest animals, blue whales are the most vulnerable on the Earth. D. The blue whale lives safely in the ocean thanks to their solidarity. ĐỀ THI THỬ THPTQG 2019 – CÔ TRANG ANH – ĐỀ 11– TẬP 1 Exercise 22:Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Scientists have uncovered a new threat to the world's endangered coral reefs. They have found that most are incapable of growing quickly enough to compensate for rising sea levels triggered by global warming. The study suggests that reefs - which are already suffering serious degradation because the world's seas are warming and becoming more acidic - could also become overwhelmed by rising oceans. The research - led by scientists at Exeter University and published in Nature this week - involved studying growth rates for more than 200 tropical western Atlantic and Indian Ocean reefs. It was found only 9% of these reefs had the ability to keep up with even the most optimistic rates of sea-level rises forecast by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. "For many reefs across the Caribbean and Indian Ocean regions, where the study focused, rates of growth are slowing due to coral reef degradation," said Professor Chris Perry, of Exeter University. “Meanwhile, rates of sea-level rise are increasing - and our results suggest reefs will be unable to keep up. As a result, water depths above most reefs will increase rapidly through this century.” Sea levels rose by several inches over the past century and measurements indicate the speed of this increase is now rising significantly. Two key factors are involved: climate change is making ocean water warmer and so it expands. And as ice sheets and glaciers melt, they increase amounts of water in the oceans. At the same time, reefs are being weakened by ocean warming and also by ocean acidification, triggered as the seas absorb more and more carbon dioxide. These effects lead to bleaching events that kill off vast stretches of coral and limits their ability to grow. “Our predictions, even under the best case scenarios, suggest that by 2100, the inundation of reefs will expose coastal communities to significant threats of shoreline change,” said co-author Prof Peter Mumby of Queensland University. This point was backed by US marine scientist Ilsa Ruffner writing in a separate comment piece for Nature. “The implications of the study are dire. Many island nations and territories are set to quickly lose crucial natural resources.”
38. (Source: Question 159: Which of the following does the passage mainly discuss? A. Sea levels will become the main factor of bleaching. B. Coral reefs will be overwhelmed by rising oceans. C. Coral reefs may escape from extinction because of the increase in sea levels. D. Global warming will cause the rise of sea levels. Question 160: What does the word "compensate" in the first paragraph probably mean? A. recompense B. keep up with C. develop D.benefit Question 161: What did scientists at Exeter University find in their research? A. Tropical coral reefs are increasing more quickly than others in Pacific Ocean. B. The majority of tropical coral reefs cannot keep pace with the increasing rate of sea levels. C. Many coral reefs are developing in spite of their degradation. D. The rapid rise in sea levels does not affect the density of coral reefs. Question 162: According to the passage, the two factors causing the rise of sea levels are ___ _. A. global warming and freeze B. severe weather and climate change C. climate change and ice expansion D. climate change and ice melt Question 163: What does the phrase "these effects" in paragraph 4 refer to? A. ocean warming and ocean acidification B. reef weakening and ocean warming C. reef weakening and ocean acidification D. ocean warming and CO2 absorb Question 164: The word "inundation" is closest in meaning to _. A. drought B. extinction C. flood D. tsunami Question 165: The author implies in the last paragraph that ___. A. even in the most optimistic prediction, coral reefs will experience their extinction. B. the results of the study are more serious than what scientists have predicted. C. human activities will not only affect marine life but also put themselves at risk. D. people often exploit natural resources in island nations and territories. ĐỀ THI THỬ THPTQG 2019 – CÔ TRANG ANH – ĐỀ 11– TẬP 1 Exercise 23: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Plastic bags are used by everybody. From a vegetable vendor to a designer store, everyone seems to use them. Even though they are one of the modern conveniences that we seem to be unable to do without, they are responsible for causing pollution, killing wildlife, and using up the precious resources of the Earth. But, most of us are blissfully unaware of the repercussions that are occurring and will take place in the future because of the plastic bags. Every once in a while, the government passes out an order banning store owners from providing plastic bags to customers for carrying their purchases, with little lasting effect. Plastic bags are very popular with both retailers as well as consumers because they are cheap, strong, lightweight, functional,
39. as well as a hygienic means of carrying food as well as other goods. About a hundred billion plastic bags are used every year in the U.S. alone. And then, when one considers the huge economies and populations of India, China, Europe, and other parts of the world, the numbers can be staggering. The problem is further exacerbated by the developed countries shipping off their plastic waste to developing countries like India. Once they are used, most bags go into landfills. Each year, more and more bags are ending up littering the environment. Once they become litter, plastic bags find their way into our waterways, parks, beaches, and streets. And, if they are burned, they infuse the air with toxic fumes. About 100,000 animals, such as dolphins, turtles, whales, penguins are killed every year due to these bags. Many animals ingest plastic bags, mistaking them for food, and therefore, die. And worse, the ingested plastic bag remains intact even after the death and decomposition of the animal. Thus, it lies around in the landscape where another victim may ingest it. One of the worst environmental effects is that they are non- biodegradable. The decomposition takes about 400 years. No one will live so long to witness the decomposition of plastic! Thus, save the environment for the future generations as well as animals. Petroleum products are diminishing and getting more expensive by the day, since we have used this non-renewable resource increasingly. And to make plastic, about 60-100 million barrels of oil are needed every year around the world. Surely, this precious resource should not be wasted on producing plastic bags, should it? Petroleum is vital for our modern way of life. It is necessary for our energy requirements - for our factories, transportation, heating, lighting, and so on. Without viable alternative sources of energy yet on the horizon, if the supply of petroleum were to be turned off, it would lead to practically the entire world grinding to a halt. So, what can be done? A tote bag can make a good substitute for carrying groceries and the shopping. You can keep the bag with the cashier, and then put your purchases into it instead of the usual plastic bag. Recycling the bags you already have is another good idea. These can come into use for various purposes, like holding your garbage, instead of purchasing new ones. While governments may b e working out ways to lessen the impact of plastic bags on the environment; however, each of us should shoulder some of the responsibility for this problem, which ultimately harms us. Plastics are not only non- biodegradable, but are one of the major pollutants of the sea. For a clean and green environment, try to use alternatives to plastic whenever and wherever possible. Cut down your use of plastic, and do your bit to save our planet. (Source: Question 166: Which of the following could be the best tittle of the passage? A. Plastic pollution - Problems and solutions. B. Harmful effects of plastic bags on the environment. C. Plastic pollution - What should we do? D. Plastic bags - New threat for the environment, Question 167: What is the synonym of the word "repercussions" in the first paragraph?