Grammar for advanced learners: Passives (1) - Thấm Tâm Vy

Nội dung text: Grammar for advanced learners: Passives (1) - Thấm Tâm Vy

1. Remember! PASSIVES (1) There are some verbs that can have two objects but can only have one passive form. USING PASSIVES WHEN THE ACTIVE VERB HAS TWO OBJECTS For example, you can say They explained the situation to the manager. However, there Home Customers Contact Products Support is only one possible passive, one that starts with the direct object, The situation was HOME ABOUT TRAVEL SERVICES FEATURED PACKAGES ACTIVITIES CONTACT US explained to the manager. You cannot say The manager was explained-the situation. Verbs such as want, demonstrate, exclude, emphasize, deliver behave in the same way. "Great customer service" Reviewed 6 November 2012 PRACTICE We arrived at the hotel in the early evening and were given our room keys / our room keys were given to us. We were delighted to discover Exercise 1. Write the missing words in sentence B so that it means the same as Posted by a that we had been allocated the best room in the hotel / the best room premierinn.com sentence A. traveller in the hotel had been allocated to us. A porter carried our cases up for 1. A. The letter was shown to the police. Reviewer us and demonstrated how to use the air conditioning. We certainly 5 reviews B. The police (đ) Reviews in 4 citie needed it, because it was a hot and humid night. We ate at a very good restaurant that was recommended to us by the 2. A. The leftovers were fed to the chickens. hotel receptionist, and went back to the hotel feeling very happy. B. The chickens Unfortunately, the air conditioning proved to be so noisy we couldn't 3. A. His wife was given his medals. sleep, and when we phoned reception to complain, they explained that B. His medals there was a fault in the system and an engineer would be called the 4. A. Several prizes were awarded to her for her work. next day, which wasn't much good to us! However, we were given a B. She for her work. large discount to make up for the inconvenience. 5. A. Everything he wanted was bought for him. Stayed November 2012, travelled on business B. He he wanted. 6. A. Half an hour was allocated to us for our presentation.  Value  Rooms B. We for our presentation.  Location  Cleanliness Exercise 2. Write the correct passive form of the verb in brackets to complete each  Sleep Quality  Service sentence, as shown. Was this review helpful? YES 1. The prize will be awarded. (award) to the team with the most correct answers. 2. It (announce) yesterday that the couple are to divorce. When you use a passive form of a verb with two objects such as send, pay, buy, give, 3. She claimed that the money (give) to her by an admirer. teach and show, either the direct object or the indirect object can become the subject. 4. We (show) great courtesy by our hosts. For example, instead of The firm paid the sales staffa bonus, you can say => Bonus was 5. After several phone calls, a place on another flight (find) for Martha so paid to the sales staff, where the direct object of the active clause (the bonus) is the shen was able to attend the meeting. subject of the passive clause. 6. More than Ê50,000 a year (pay) to outside consultants. The indirect object (sales staff) can be mentioned after to or for. Exercise 3. Choose the correct words or phrases. Sometimes it is unnecessary to mention the indirect object at all. 1. He was given his job back when his employer was proved I it was proved to his - A bonus was paid at the end of the year. employer that he had not committed fraud. But you can also say The sales staffwere paid a bonus, where the indirect object of the 2. A bonus will be paid to all staff/will be paid all staff at the end of the year. active clause is the subject of the passive clause. 3. They were happier once they were explained the safety measures / the safety - I’m sure the letter was sent to Laura. measures were explained to them. - The dog was bought for him as a birthday present. 4. All his children I For all his children were bought their own apartments. - The children do not speak Gaelic at home, though they are taught it in school. 5. The documents were sent / were sent to his lawyer. - He was shown a photocopy of the certificate. 6.We were reported the findings / The findings were reported to US before they were - I was given this necklace by my grandmother. published in the press. Thẩm Tõm Vy GRAMMAR NOTES FOR ADVANCED LEARNERS
2. Exercise 4. Put each sentence into the correct order. B. He was told that there were things that he could do about his condition with 1. allocated / at the back / We were /. / of the building / an office relaxation exercises. 2. explained to us I were not /. / It was I that the tickets I refundable 3. A. No one on the board of directors was paid a bonus for the last financial year. 3. the audience that /. I was sick / announced to / the lead actor / It was B. A. bonus was not paid to some people on the board of directors for the last 4. She was sent a letter I had been excluded I that her daughter / to tell her / by the financial year. school /. 4. A. A photograph of Sven was shown to all the children in the school. 5. special passes I were given / the conference hall / The journalists /. / to allow them B. All the children in the school were photographed with Sven. into 5. A. All members of the club were sent a postal questionnaire. 6. a grant / over a wider area /The charity /. / to extend its services / has been awarded B. A questionnaire was sent through the post to all members of the club. 1. 6. A The car was bought for Erika by her husband. 2. B. Erika was bought the car by her husband. 3. Exercise 9. For each sentence, tick the correct ending, A, or B. 4. 1. The trophy 5. A. will be presented to the winning gymnast at the end of the tournament. 6. B. will present to the winning gymnast at the end of the tournament. Exercise 5. Complete the sentences by writing one word in each gap. 2. They make such a fuss of their dog and fed - demonstrated - awarded - played - reported - poured A. the finest beef steak is only fed to him. 1/ Samir was a scholarship to a prestigious music school. B. he is only fed the finest beef steak. 2/ The importance of staying within the law was to us by Michael's problems. 3. All the main curriculum subjects 3/ We were a recording of his speech. A. are taught on the course. 4/ Max was a large glass of water by his brother. B. are having been taught on the course. 5. His trial was on national TV. 4. End of year reports 6. The prisoners were a diet of bread and water. A. will be sent home to your parents. Exercise 6. Are the highlighted words correct or incorrect in the sentences? B. will be shown home to your parents. 1. To me was guaranteed a job when I came out of the army. 5. The document was highly confidential, and 2. A petition opposing the building of a new airport was delivered to the prime A. the need for secrecy was emphasized to all staff. minister. B. all staff were emphasized the need for secrecy. 3. To all staff will be sent a copy of the report. 6. Olga was sad to lose her watch as 4. His family were not told the cause of his death. A. it had been given to her by Ben. 5. When he arrived at the house, he was refused entry by a bodyguard. B. Ben had been given it by her 6. A valuable necklace was lent the princess by an admirer. Exercise 7. Which sentences are correct? 1. Participants were each given a map and a set of instructions. 2. They were emphasized that the area can be dangerous in badweather. Thẩm Tõm Vy 3. Thankfully, he was found some dry clothes by his teacher. 4. A letter was sent Mr Jones, explaining the changes to the contract. 5. Hannah was told the infection had spread to her lungs. 6. The children were explained how to set up the experiment. Exercise 8. Decide if the pairs of sentences have the same meaning. 1. A. No interviews were given to the press. B. The press were not given any interviews. 2. A. He was told that there were things that he could do about his condition and was taught relaxation exercises. Thẩm Tõm Vy GRAMMAR NOTES FOR ADVANCED LEARNERS
3. ANSWER KEY Exercise 1 1. were shown the letter 2. were fed the leftovers 3. were given to his wife 4. was awarded several prizes 5. was bought everything 6. were allocated half an hour Exercise 2 1. be awarded 4 were shown 2. was announced 5 was found 3. had been given 6 is paid Exercise 3 1. it was proved to his employer 2. will be paid to all staff 3. the safety measures were explained to them 4. All his children 5. were sent to 6. The findings were reported to us Exercise 4 1. We were allocated an office at the back of the building. 2. It was explained to us that the tickets were not refundable. 3. It was announced to the audience that the lead actor was sick. 4. She was sent a letter by the school to tell her that her daughter had been excluded. 5. The journalists were given special passes to allow them into the conference hall. 6. The charity has been awarded a grant to extend its services over a wider area. Exercise 5 1 awarded 2 demonstrated 3 played 4 poured 5 reported 6 fed Exercise 6 1. To me was guaranteed X 2. to the prime minister  3. To all staff X 4. were not told  5. was refused entry  6. was lent the princess X Exercise 7 1. Yes 2. No 3. Yes 4. No 5. Yes 6. No Exercise 8 1. Yes 2. No 3. No 4. No 5. Yes 6. Yes Exercise 9 1. will be presented to the winning gymnast at the end of the tournament. 2. he is only fed the finest beef steak. 3. are taught on the course. 4. will be sent home to your parents. 5. the need for secrecy was emphasized to all staff. 6. it had been given to her by Ben. Thẩm Tõm Vy GRAMMAR NOTES FOR ADVANCED LEARNERS