Luyện thi IELTS - Vocabulary set 34: Bicycles

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1. NHÓM CHỦ ĐIỂM 9: TRANSPORT VOCABULARY SET 34: BICYCLES Vocabulary: 1. adopt (v): áp dụng 2. allocate (v): phân bố, chỉ định 3. commute (v): di chuyển, đi lại đều đặn (ví dụ: việc đi làm hằng ngày) 4. convince (v): thuyết phục - convincing (adj): có sức thuyết phục 5. dedicated (adj): dành riêng cho, tận tụy 6. hesitate (v): do dự, ngần ngại 7. impose a (heavy) tax on (collocation): đánh thuế (nặng) vào mặt hàng gì 8. overreliance (n): quá phụ thuộc 9. overdependence (n): quá dựa dẫm, quá phụ thuộc 10. prevalent (adj): phổ biến 11. prominent (adj): nổi bật 12. promote (v): khuyến khích, đẩy mạnh, xúc tiến 13. shortage (n): thiếu hụt Exercises: Task 1: Write sentences from given cues. Make changes to the cues when needed. 1. government / programme / grow / cash crops / export / be / double-edged sword / since / it / create / local food shortage. 2. he / move / house / three time / just / find / convenient location / commute / work. 3. agriculture / company / fail / convince / consumers / that / GM (genetically modified) foods / safe. 4. recruiter / surprised / see / him / hesitate / accept / job offer. 5. overdependence / use / pain killers / lead / drug addict. Task 2: Translate from Vietnamese to English 1. Nhờ sự phát triển của các hãng hàng không giá rẻ, việc đi du lịch nước ngoài trở nên phổ biến hơn, đặc biệt với các bạn trẻ.
2. 2. Thuốc lá bị đánh thuế rất nặng, tuy nhiên, điều này có vẻ không hiệu quả trong việc giảm thiểu số người hút thuốc. 3. Chính phủ nên đóng vai trò nổi bật hơn trong việc khuyến khích và bảo vệ nhân quyền. 4. Vé cho buổi hòa nhạc sẽ hạn chế số lượng và chỉ được phát cho những ai đăng kí sớm. 5. Vì nghiên cứu của chúng tôi tới thời điểm hiện tại chưa trả lời được câu hỏi nào cho vấn đề nghiên cứu đề ra trước đó, chúng tôi cần áp dụng một cách tiếp cận khác. Task 3: Fill in the blanks with suitable words/phrases adopt (v) impose a (heavy) tax on (collocation) allocate (v) overreliance (n) - overdependence (n) commute (v) prevalent (adj) convince (v) - convincing (adj) prominent (adj) dedicated (adj) promote (v) hesitate (v) shortage (n) Nowadays people use bicycles less as a form of transport. Why is that? What can we do to encourage people to use bicycles more? Cycling has long been considered an effective way of improving physical health and reducing the risk of obesity. However, in recent decades, there has been a 1 trend for people to use bicycles less to 2 . This trend could be ascribed to a few reasons, and definite actions must be taken to 3 the use of bicycles. There are obvious reasons as to why people 4 to choose bicycles as a form of transport. The most 5 reason is the 6 on modern means of transport, such as cars and motorbikes. These modes of transport are faster and more suitable for long journeys than bicycles. Another 7 reason is that in many places in the world, including Vietnam, there are no 8 cycling paths for bicycles. This means that cyclists in these regions would have to ride in the same lane as motor vehicles, which is without doubt a dangerous practice. To boost the use of bicycles, the government should 9 both of the following measures. First, the government should 10 motor vehicles. This tax would discourage people from using motor vehicles, and thus encourage them to switch to bicycles, a human-powered land vehicle. Second, the government should 11 more money to the construction of cycling paths for citizens. If a system of cycling paths was well-developed, people would consider bicycles a safe and convenient mode of transport.
3. In conclusion, the unpopularity of bicycles could be attributed to the 12 on modern means of transport and the 13 of dedicated cycling paths. To encourage people to cycle more, the government should therefore introduce a tax on motor vehicles and invest money in building dedicated paths for cyclists. 281 words, written by Tu Pham
4. Key: Task 1: 1. The government's programme to grow cash crops for export is a double-edged sword because it has created a local food shortage. 2. He has moved his house three times just to find a convenient location to commute to work. 3. Agricultural companies have failed to convince consumers that GM foods are safe. 4. The recruiters were surprised to see him hesitating to accept the job offer. 5. Overdependence on using pain killers can lead to drug addiction. Task 2: Answers may vary 1. Thanks to the development of low-cost airlines, travelling abroad has now become more prevalent, especially among young people. 2. Very high taxes have been imposed on cigarettes; however, this does not seem to be effective in reducing the number of smokers. 3. The government should be playing a more prominent role in promoting and protecting human rights. 4. Tickets to concerts are limited, and will only be allocated to those who apply early. 5. Since our research so far has not produced any answers to the research questions previously discussed, we need to adopt a different approach. Task 3 Cycling has long been considered an effective way of improving physical health and reducing the risk of obesity. However, in recent decades, there has been a (1) prevalent trend for people to use bicycles less to (2) commute. This trend could be ascribed to a few reasons, and definite actions must be taken to (3) promote the use of bicycles. There are obvious reasons as to why people (4) hesitate to choose bicycles as a form of transport. The most (5) prominent reason is the (6) overreliance on modern means of transport, such as cars and motorbikes. These modes of transport are faster and more suitable for long journeys than bicycles. Another (7) convincing reason is that in many places in the world, including Vietnam, there are no (8) dedicated cycling paths for bicycles. This means that cyclists in these regions would have to ride in the same lane as motor vehicles, which is without doubt a dangerous practice. To boost the use of bicycles, the government should (9) adopt both of the following measures. First, the government should (10) impose a heavy tax on motor vehicles. This tax would discourage people from using motor vehicles, and thus encourage them to switch to bicycles, a human-powered land vehicle. Second, the government should (11) allocate more money to the construction of cycling paths for citizens. If a system of cycling paths was well- developed, people would consider bicycles a safe and convenient mode of transport. In conclusion, the unpopularity of bicycles could be attributed to the (12) overdependence on modern means of transport and the (13) shortage of dedicated cycling paths. To encourage people to cycle more, the government should therefore introduce a tax on motor vehicles and invest money in building dedicated paths for cyclists. 281 words, written by Tu Pham