Lý thuyết về câu trực tiếp và gián tiếp về dạng đặc biệt

Nội dung text: Lý thuyết về câu trực tiếp và gián tiếp về dạng đặc biệt

1. 1.Câu trực tiếp ở dạng câu cảm thán Câu gián tiếp: S + exclaimed . VD: -“What a lovely garden they have!” → He exclaimed that the garden was very lovely. -“How hot it is!” → He exclaimed that it was very hot. 2. Câu trực tiếp mang ý nghĩa khuyên bảo (should/had better + Vinf hay câu điều kiện loại 2) Câu gián tiếp: S + advised + sb + (not) to Vinf VD: “You should drink more water a day”, the doctor said to the patient. → The doctor advised the patient to drink more water a day. “If I were you, I would study overseas”, she said. → She advised me to study overseas. 3. Các dạng câu khác *Câu cảm ơn: Thank + O + for st/Ving VD: “Thank you for your help”, he said. → He thanked me for my help. “It’s very kind of you to help me, Nam”, mom said. → Mom thanked Nam for helping her. *Câu xin lỗi: Apologize + to sb + for (not) Ving - “I’m sorry. I come late”, said the boy. → The boy apologized for coming late. *Câu buộc tội/thú tội: Accuse + sb+ of Ving - “You stole my money’, the woman said to the man. → The woman accused the man of stealing/having stolen her money. - “That’s right. I broke the vase”, he said. → He confessed breaking the vase *Câu phủ nhận: (Deny + Ving) và khăng khăng làm gì (Insist on Ving) - “I didn’t do that”, she said. → She denied doing that. - “Let me make my bed”, the little boy said. → The little boy insisted on making his bed. *Câu mời: (Offer + sb+ smt) và câu đề nghị, rủ rê làm gì (Suggest Ving/Suggest that + S+ Vinf / invite + sb + to V)
2. - “Would you like some coffee?”, the strange man said. → The strange man offered me some coffee. - “Why don’t we go for a picnic today?”, Hoa said. → Hoa suggested that we go for a picnic that day. / Hoa suggested going for a picnic that day. *Câu chào/tạm biệt: Greet + sb / Say goodbbye to + sb - “Hi Peter”, Minh said → Minh greeted Peter. - “ Good bye teacher”, the kids said. → The kids said goodbye to their teacher. * WARN :cảnh báo S+ warned+ sb+ to V/ not to V + OHoặc S + Warned sb against Vingcảnh báo ai làm( không làm ) gì Ex: “Don’t play ball near the restricted area.” I said to the boy: > I warned the boy not to play ball near the restricted area / against playing ball near the restricted area * PROMISE : lời hứa- S+ will/won't + V- >S +promised+sb+to + V / not to V: hứa làm gì Ex: " I will never do this again " He said to her > he promised her not to do that again * THREATEN : đe dọa S+ threatened (sb)+to V/ not to V : đe doạ (ai) làm gì Ex: He said " I will kill you if you dont do that "- -> He threatened to kill me if I didnt do that * WISH: chúc S+ wished+ sb+ (a/a) + adj+DT chúc ai đó có được điều gì Ex: " Have a happy birthday" she said -> she wished me a happy birthday * CONGRATULATE : chúc mừng S+ congratulated+ sb + a/an+ adj+ DTOr S+ congratulated+ sb+ on+ Ving : chúc mừng ai vì điều gì Ex: “I’m happy to know that you win the game. Congratulations!”, Jim said to Mary.- > Jim congratulated Mary on winning the game * WELCOME : chào mừng, chào đón S+welcomed+sb/st+to+địa điểm: chào đón ai đến với .Ex: " Welcome to my house , my dear " she said to her friend > She welcomed her friend to her house * AGREE : đồng ý S+ agreed+ to V: đồng ý làm gì
3. Ex: Ann: " Would you wait half an hour.? "Tom: " All right" => Tom agreed to wait. * ADMIT : thừa nhận S+ admitted+ Ving: thừa nhận đã làm gì Ẽx: “I’ve made the wall dirty” said one student .–> One student admitted making the wall dirty. * REFUSE : từ chối S+ refused+ to V : từ chối làm gì Ex: Ann: "Would you lend me another £50? "Tom: " No, I won’t lend you any more money" . => Tom refused to lend her any more money. * DREAM: mơ ước S+ dreamed of+ Ving luôn mơ về điều gì Ex: Daisy said: “I want to be a famous singer in the world.” -> Daisy dreamed of being a famous singer in the world. * ENCOURAGE : động viên, khích lệ S+ encouraged + sb + to V Ex: “Try again” she said => She encouraged me to try again. * PREVENT : ngăn chặn S+ prevented+ sb/st+ from+ Ving ngăn ai làm gì ,cái gì xảy ra Ex: " My mother said : " I cant let you use the phone > my mother prevented me from using the phone * REPROACH: trách mắng S+ reproached+ sb+ for+ Ving Ex: " You should have finished the report by now” John told his secretary. > John reproached his secretary for not having finished the report * BLAME : đổ lỗi S + blamed sb + For + Ving : đổ lỗi ai làm gì Ex: " It was your fault. You didnt tell the truth " She said > She blamed me for not telling the truth * SUSPECT : nghi ngờ
4. S+ suspected sb of Ving : nghi ngờ ai làm gì Ex: " I think He stole that car " My friend said > My friend suspected him of stealing that car * REGRET : hối tiếc S+ regretted + Ving : hối tiếc đã làm gì Ẽx: " I wish I had visited her" said He > He regretted not having visited/ visiting her * COMPLAIN : phàn nàn S+ complained about + St phàn nàn điều gì Ex: " You are always getting up late " My mother said > My mother complained about my getting up late * REMIND : Nhắc nhở S + reminded sb + to V : nhắc nhở ai làm gì ex: “Don’t forget to phone me this afternoon,” he said. → He reminded me to phone him that afternoon * CRITICISE : phê bình S+ Criticized sb + For + Ving : phê bình ai việc gì ex: " You shoudnt have made that mistake " the boss said to me ( bạn lẽ ra không nên gây ra lỗi đó ) > The boss criticized me for having made that mistake * THANK : cảm ơn S + Thanked sb for st : cảm ơn ai vì điều gì ex : ' Thank you very for your help " She said to him -> She thanked him for his help * CALL : gọi S+ Called sb something : gọi ai đó là gì ex: “Liar!” => He called me a liar.
5. Bài 1. 1. “I’m afraid I’ve lost the photo you gave me last week.” The boy said 2. He said to his boss, “I’m sorry for being late twice” 3. “Please don’t tell my parents about this” she said to me. 4. “It was your fault. You didn’t tell the truth” she said. 5. “Congratulations! You’ve passed the exam” He said 6. John said, “I really must have a break” 7. “I will come on time” she said. 8. “I’m afraid I can’t go to the cinema with you tonight” she said. 9. I said to the poster, “thanks for carrying my luggage.” 10. “If you do that again, I’ll leave” the worker said angrily. 11. “Happy new year!” bài 2 : 1. “You took the money”, he said.(accuse) 2. “I stole his bicycle”, he said to the police.(admit) 3. He said to the police, “I didn’t steal the bike”.(deny) 4. He said, “I’m sorry I’m late”. (apologize) 5. “I’ll drive you to the airport. I insist.”, John said to Linda.(insist) 6. “I’m happy to hear that you have passed the final exam. Congratulations!”, Jim said to me. (congratulate)
6. 7. “It was nice of you to invite me to dinner. Thank you.”, Miss White said to George. (thank) 8. Don’t play with the matches.”, I said to Jack. (warn against) 9. “I’m sorry I didn’t phone you earlier.”, Margaret said to him.(apologize) 10. The student said , “I didn’t cheat in the exam.” (deny)